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Tennyson and His Friends
Tennyson and His Friends

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Tennyson and His Friends is here in full — 360 sentences across 72 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/72 · 5 lines
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"The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."
Thus, when the dreary, hopeless vision of bodily decay, which seems to point to total dissolution of a noble nature, is referred to, he says:
The shell must break before the bird can fly.
The breaking of the shell might seem, at first sight, total destruction, but the forthcoming of the bird transforms the conception of decay into a conception of new birth.
And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Tennyson and His Friends

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Tennyson and His Friends is here in full — 360 sentences across 72 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/72 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."
Line 2
Thus, when the dreary, hopeless vision of bodily decay, which seems to point to total dissolution of a noble nature, is referred to, he says:
/ðʌs wen ðə ˈdrɪri ˈhoʊpləs ˈvɪʒən ʌv ˈbɑːdəli dɪˈkeɪ wɪtʃ siːmz tuː pɔɪnt tuː ˈtoʊtəl ˌdɪsəˈluːʃən ʌv ə ˈnoʊbəl ˈneɪtʃər ɪz rəˈfɜːrd tuː hiː sez/
Line 3
The shell must break before the bird can fly.
/ðə ʃel mʌst breɪk bɪˈfɔːr ðə bɜːrd kæn flaɪ/
Line 4
The breaking of the shell might seem, at first sight, total destruction, but the forthcoming of the bird transforms the conception of decay into a conception of new birth.
/ðə ˈbreɪkɪŋ ʌv ðə ʃel maɪt siːm æt fɜːrst saɪt ˈtoʊtəl dɪˈstrʌkʃən bʌt ðə ˈfɔːrθˈkʌmɪŋ ʌv ðə bɜːrd trænˈsfɔːrmz ðə kənˈsepʃən ʌv dɪˈkeɪ ˈɪntuː ə kənˈsepʃən ʌv nuː bɜːrθ/
Line 5
And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

dissolution noun US /ˌdɪsəˈluːʃən/

separation into component parts

From this reading “Thus, when the dreary, hopeless vision of bodily decay, which seems to point to total dissolution of a noble nature, is referred to, he says:”

forthcoming adjective US /ˈfɔːrθˈkʌmɪŋ/

at ease in talking to others

From this reading “The breaking of the shell might seem, at first sight, total destruction, but the forthcoming of the bird transforms the conception of decay into a conception of new birth.”

presupposes verb US /ˌpriːsəˈpoʊzɪz/

third-person singular of “presuppose” — take for granted or as a given; suppose beforehand

From this reading “"The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."”

suggests verb US /səˈdʒests/

third-person singular of “suggest” — make a proposal, declare a plan for something

From this reading “And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."”

transforms verb US /trænˈsfɔːrmz/

third-person singular of “transform” — subject to a mathematical transformation

From this reading “The breaking of the shell might seem, at first sight, total destruction, but the forthcoming of the bird transforms the conception of decay into a conception of new birth.”

unison noun US /ˈjuːnəsən/

corresponding exactly

From this reading “"The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."”

wail verb US /weɪl/

emit long loud cries

From this reading “"The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."”

wakes noun US /weɪks/

plural of “wake” — the consequences of an event (especially a catastrophic event)

From this reading “And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

total destruction verb + noun

In this reading “The breaking of the shell might seem, at first sight, total destruction, but the forthcoming of the bird transforms the conception of decay into a conception of new birth.”

in unison preposition + noun

In this reading “"The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."”

younger man's adjective + noun counted as “younger man”

In this reading “"The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."”

noble nature adjective + noun

In this reading “Thus, when the dreary, hopeless vision of bodily decay, which seems to point to total dissolution of a noble nature, is referred to, he says:”

first sight adjective + noun

In this reading “The breaking of the shell might seem, at first sight, total destruction, but the forthcoming of the bird transforms the conception of decay into a conception of new birth.”

new birth adjective + noun

In this reading “The breaking of the shell might seem, at first sight, total destruction, but the forthcoming of the bird transforms the conception of decay into a conception of new birth.”

gleam of verb + particle

In this reading “And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."”

All words in this reading · 102

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Thus, when the dreary, hopeless vision of bodily decay, which seems to point to total dissolution of a noble nature, is referred to, he says:

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

answerverbUS /ˈænsər/

react verbally

From this reading And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

answeredverbUS /ˈænsərd/

past form of “answer” — react verbally

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

argumentnounUS /ˈɑːrɡjəmənt/

a fact or assertion offered as evidence that something is true

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The breaking of the shell might seem, at first sight, total destruction, but the forthcoming of the bird transforms the conception of decay into a conception of new birth.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The shell must break before the bird can fly.

birdnounUS /bɜːrd/

warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading The shell must break before the bird can fly.

birthnounUS /bɜːrθ/

the time when something begins (especially life)

From this reading The breaking of the shell might seem, at first sight, total destruction, but the forthcoming of the bird transforms the conception of decay into a conception of new birth.

bodilyadverbUS /ˈbɑːdəli/

in bodily form

From this reading Thus, when the dreary, hopeless vision of bodily decay, which seems to point to total dissolution of a noble nature, is referred to, he says:

breakverbUS /breɪk/

terminate

From this reading The shell must break before the bird can fly.

breakingnounUS /ˈbreɪkɪŋ/

the act of breaking something

From this reading The breaking of the shell might seem, at first sight, total destruction, but the forthcoming of the bird transforms the conception of decay into a conception of new birth.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The breaking of the shell might seem, at first sight, total destruction, but the forthcoming of the bird transforms the conception of decay into a conception of new birth.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading The shell must break before the bird can fly.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

complaintnounUS /kəmˈpleɪnt/

an often persistent bodily disorder or disease; a cause for complaining

From this reading And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

completeverbUS /kəmˈpliːt/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

conceptionnounUS /kənˈsepʃən/

an abstract or general idea inferred or derived from specific instances

From this reading The breaking of the shell might seem, at first sight, total destruction, but the forthcoming of the bird transforms the conception of decay into a conception of new birth.

decaynounUS /dɪˈkeɪ/

the process of gradually becoming inferior

From this reading Thus, when the dreary, hopeless vision of bodily decay, which seems to point to total dissolution of a noble nature, is referred to, he says:

destructionnounUS /dɪˈstrʌkʃən/

the termination of something by causing so much damage to it that it cannot be repaired or no longer exists

From this reading The breaking of the shell might seem, at first sight, total destruction, but the forthcoming of the bird transforms the conception of decay into a conception of new birth.

detailsnounUS /dɪˈteɪlz/

true confidential information

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

dissolutionnounUS /ˌdɪsəˈluːʃən/

separation into component parts

From this reading Thus, when the dreary, hopeless vision of bodily decay, which seems to point to total dissolution of a noble nature, is referred to, he says:

doorsnounUS /dɔːrz/

plural of “door” — a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

dotardnoun

an oldster in his dotage; someone whose age has impaired his intellect

From this reading And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

drearyadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪri/

lacking in liveliness or charm or surprise

From this reading Thus, when the dreary, hopeless vision of bodily decay, which seems to point to total dissolution of a noble nature, is referred to, he says:

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The breaking of the shell might seem, at first sight, total destruction, but the forthcoming of the bird transforms the conception of decay into a conception of new birth.

flyverbUS /flaɪ/

travel through the air; be airborne

From this reading The shell must break before the bird can fly.

forthcomingadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrθˈkʌmɪŋ/

at ease in talking to others

From this reading The breaking of the shell might seem, at first sight, total destruction, but the forthcoming of the bird transforms the conception of decay into a conception of new birth.

gatesnounUS /ɡeɪts/

United States computer entrepreneur whose software company made him the youngest multi-billionaire in the history of the United States (born in 1955)

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

gleamverbUS /ɡliːm/

be shiny, as if wet

From this reading And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Thus, when the dreary, hopeless vision of bodily decay, which seems to point to total dissolution of a noble nature, is referred to, he says:

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

hopelessadjectiveUS /ˈhoʊpləs/

without hope because there seems to be no possibility of comfort or success

From this reading Thus, when the dreary, hopeless vision of bodily decay, which seems to point to total dissolution of a noble nature, is referred to, he says:

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The breaking of the shell might seem, at first sight, total destruction, but the forthcoming of the bird transforms the conception of decay into a conception of new birth.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Thus, when the dreary, hopeless vision of bodily decay, which seems to point to total dissolution of a noble nature, is referred to, he says:

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

largestadjectiveUS /ˈlɑːrdʒəst/

superlative of “large” — above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

man'snounUS /mænz/

possessive form of “man” — an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading The breaking of the shell might seem, at first sight, total destruction, but the forthcoming of the bird transforms the conception of decay into a conception of new birth.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading The shell must break before the bird can fly.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading Thus, when the dreary, hopeless vision of bodily decay, which seems to point to total dissolution of a noble nature, is referred to, he says:

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading The breaking of the shell might seem, at first sight, total destruction, but the forthcoming of the bird transforms the conception of decay into a conception of new birth.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading Thus, when the dreary, hopeless vision of bodily decay, which seems to point to total dissolution of a noble nature, is referred to, he says:

notenounUS /noʊt/

a brief written record

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

placidadjectiveUS /ˈplæsəd/

(of a body of water) free from disturbance by heavy waves

From this reading And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading Thus, when the dreary, hopeless vision of bodily decay, which seems to point to total dissolution of a noble nature, is referred to, he says:

presupposesverbUS /ˌpriːsəˈpoʊzɪz/

third-person singular of “presuppose” — take for granted or as a given; suppose beforehand

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

referredverbUS /rəˈfɜːrd/

inflected form of “refer” — make reference to

From this reading Thus, when the dreary, hopeless vision of bodily decay, which seems to point to total dissolution of a noble nature, is referred to, he says:

repliesnounUS /rɪˈplaɪz/

plural of “reply” — a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

SagenounUS /seɪdʒ/

a mentor in spiritual and philosophical topics who is renowned for profound wisdom

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

saysnounUS /sez/

plural of “say” — the chance to speak

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

scornnounUS /skɔːrn/

lack of respect accompanied by a feeling of intense dislike

From this reading And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

seemverbUS /siːm/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading The breaking of the shell might seem, at first sight, total destruction, but the forthcoming of the bird transforms the conception of decay into a conception of new birth.

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Thus, when the dreary, hopeless vision of bodily decay, which seems to point to total dissolution of a noble nature, is referred to, he says:

sensenounUS /sens/

a general conscious awareness

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

shaftnounUS /ʃæft/

a line that forms the length of an arrow pointer

From this reading And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

shellnounUS /ʃel/

ammunition consisting of a cylindrical metal casing containing an explosive charge and a projectile; fired from a large gun

From this reading The shell must break before the bird can fly.

showverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

sightnounUS /saɪt/

an instance of visual perception

From this reading The breaking of the shell might seem, at first sight, total destruction, but the forthcoming of the bird transforms the conception of decay into a conception of new birth.

smileverbUS /smaɪl/

change one's facial expression by spreading the lips, often to signal pleasure

From this reading And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

stormverbUS /stɔːrm/

behave violently, as if in state of a great anger

From this reading And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

stungadjectiveUS /stʌŋ/

aroused to impatience or anger

From this reading And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

suggestsverbUS /səˈdʒests/

third-person singular of “suggest” — make a proposal, declare a plan for something

From this reading And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

sunsetnounUS /ˈsʌnset/

the time in the evening at which the sun begins to fall below the horizon

From this reading And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

ThusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Thus, when the dreary, hopeless vision of bodily decay, which seems to point to total dissolution of a noble nature, is referred to, he says:

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

totalverbUS /ˈtoʊtəl/

add up in number or quantity

From this reading Thus, when the dreary, hopeless vision of bodily decay, which seems to point to total dissolution of a noble nature, is referred to, he says:

transformsverbUS /trænˈsfɔːrmz/

third-person singular of “transform” — subject to a mathematical transformation

From this reading The breaking of the shell might seem, at first sight, total destruction, but the forthcoming of the bird transforms the conception of decay into a conception of new birth.

unisonnounUS /ˈjuːnəsən/

corresponding exactly

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

visionnounUS /ˈvɪʒən/

a vivid mental image

From this reading Thus, when the dreary, hopeless vision of bodily decay, which seems to point to total dissolution of a noble nature, is referred to, he says:

wailverbUS /weɪl/

emit long loud cries

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

wakesnounUS /weɪks/

plural of “wake” — the consequences of an event (especially a catastrophic event)

From this reading And so, too, in answer to the complaint that "the shaft of scorn that once had stung, but wakes the dotard smile," he suggests that a more complete view may show it to be "the placid gleam of sunset after storm."

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Thus, when the dreary, hopeless vision of bodily decay, which seems to point to total dissolution of a noble nature, is referred to, he says:

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Thus, when the dreary, hopeless vision of bodily decay, which seems to point to total dissolution of a noble nature, is referred to, he says:

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

youngeradjectiveUS /ˈjʌŋɡər/

used of the younger of two persons of the same name especially used to distinguish a son from his father

From this reading "The doors of night may be the gates of light," says the Sage; and in unison with this note are his replies to some of the details of the younger man's wail, while his very argument presupposes that _all_ cannot now be answered until we have the "last and largest sense."

Chapter 8 of Tennyson and His Friends by Hallam Tennyson, Baron [Editor] Tennyson holds 360 sentences, grouped into 72 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Tennyson and His Friends contain?

Chapter 8 holds 360 sentences of Tennyson and His Friends, unabridged, divided into 72 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Tennyson and His Friends by Hallam Tennyson, Baron [Editor] Tennyson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 360 sentences, grouped into 72 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Tennyson and His Friends?

Work through the 72 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 72 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Tennyson and His Friends

Common questions about reading Tennyson and His Friends by Hallam Tennyson, Baron [Editor] Tennyson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Tennyson and His Friends?

Yes. All 5742 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #38420 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Tennyson and His Friends is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #38420, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Tennyson and His Friends take to read?

About 478 minutes of reading across 1149 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Tennyson and His Friends

Words and structures a reader meets early in Tennyson and His Friends, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Those
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tennyson and His Friends; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Contributed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tennyson and His Friends; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Volume
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tennyson and His Friends; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Memories
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tennyson and His Friends; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.