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The Adventurers of England on Hudson Bay
The Adventurers of England on Hudson Bay

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of The Adventurers of England on Hudson Bay is here in full — 359 sentences across 72 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

By Agnes C. Laut • Curated US English Learning Edition
Cover illustration for The Adventurers of England on Hudson Bay
Context Illustration Reading 1/71 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.
Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.
The fur buyers of London opposed the application on the grounds that:
(1) The charter conferred arbitrary powers to which a private company had no right;
(2) The Company was a mere stock-jobbing concern of no benefit to the public;
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Adventurers of England on Hudson Bay

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of The Adventurers of England on Hudson Bay is here in full — 359 sentences across 72 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/71 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.
/ɪkˈspænʃən ənd ˌeksplərˈeɪʃən wen ðə haʊs ʌv ˈɔːrəndʒ keɪm tuː ðə θroʊn ɪt wɑːz diːmd ˈnesəseri ðæt ðə ˈkʌmpəniz məˈnɑːpəli ərˈɪdʒənəli ˈɡræntəd baɪ ðə ˈstuːərts ʃʊd biː kənˈfɜːrmd/
Line 2
Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.
Line 3
The fur buyers of London opposed the application on the grounds that:
/ðə fɜːr ˈbaɪərz ʌv ˈlʌndən əˈpoʊzd ðə ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən ɑːn ðə ɡraʊndz ðæt/
Line 4
(1) The charter conferred arbitrary powers to which a private company had no right;
Line 5
(2) The Company was a mere stock-jobbing concern of no benefit to the public;

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

arbitrary adjective US /ˈɑːrbətreri/

based on or subject to individual discretion or preference or sometimes impulse or caprice

From this reading “(1) The charter conferred arbitrary powers to which a private company had no right;”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
buyers noun US /ˈbaɪərz/

plural of “buyer” — a person who buys

From this reading “The fur buyers of London opposed the application on the grounds that:”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
Company's noun US /ˈkʌmpəniz/

possessive form of “company” — an institution created to conduct business

From this reading “EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
expansion noun US /ɪkˈspænʃən/

the act of increasing (something) in size or volume or quantity or scope

From this reading “EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
extension noun US /ɪkˈstenʃən/

a mutually agreed delay in the date set for the completion of a job or payment of a debt

From this reading “Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
monopoly noun US /məˈnɑːpəli/

(economics) a market in which there are many buyers but only one seller

From this reading “EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
shareholders noun US /ˈʃerhoʊldərz/

plural of “shareholder” — someone who holds shares of stock in a corporation

From this reading “Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
Stuarts noun US /ˈstuːərts/

plural of “stuart” — United States painter best known for his portraits of George Washington (1755-1828)

From this reading “EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

arbitrary powers adjective + noun counted as “arbitrary power”

In this reading “(1) The charter conferred arbitrary powers to which a private company had no right;”

295 times in 426,211 chapters
deemed necessary verb + adjective counted as “deem necessary”

In this reading “EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.”

393 times in 426,211 chapters
last chapter adjective + noun

In this reading “Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.”

1,924 times in 426,211 chapters
Nearly all adverb + adjective

In this reading “Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.”

11,469 times in 426,211 chapters
act of verb + particle

In this reading “Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.”

28,018 times in 426,211 chapters

All words in this reading · 74

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading (1) The charter conferred arbitrary powers to which a private company had no right;

Pending verification
1697

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

Pending verification
2

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading (2) The Company was a mere stock-jobbing concern of no benefit to the public;

Pending verification
adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading (1) The charter conferred arbitrary powers to which a private company had no right;

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
actverbUS /ækt/

perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
applicationnounUS /ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən/

the act of bringing something to bear; using it for a particular purpose

From this reading The fur buyers of London opposed the application on the grounds that:

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
appliedadjectiveUS /əˈplaɪd/

concerned with concrete problems or data rather than with fundamental principles

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
arbitraryadjectiveUS /ˈɑːrbətreri/

based on or subject to individual discretion or preference or sometimes impulse or caprice

From this reading (1) The charter conferred arbitrary powers to which a private company had no right;

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
benefitnounUS /ˈbenəfɪt/

financial assistance in time of need

From this reading (2) The Company was a mere stock-jobbing concern of no benefit to the public;

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
buyersnounUS /ˈbaɪərz/

plural of “buyer” — a person who buys

From this reading The fur buyers of London opposed the application on the grounds that:

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
chapternounUS /ˈtʃæptər/

a subdivision of a written work; usually numbered and titled

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
charterverbUS /ˈtʃɑːrtər/

hold under a lease or rental agreement; of goods and services

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
CompanynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
Company'snounUS /ˈkʌmpəniz/

possessive form of “company” — an institution created to conduct business

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
concernnounUS /kənˈsɜːrn/

something that interests you because it is important or affects you

From this reading (2) The Company was a mere stock-jobbing concern of no benefit to the public;

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
conferredverbUS /kənˈfɜːrd/

inflected form of “confer” — have a conference in order to talk something over

From this reading (1) The charter conferred arbitrary powers to which a private company had no right;

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
confirmedadjectiveUS /kənˈfɜːrmd/

of persons; not subject to change

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
deemedverbUS /diːmd/

past form of “deem” — keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
disasternounUS /dɪˈzæstər/

a state of extreme (usually irremediable) ruin and misfortune

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
EXPANSIONnounUS /ɪkˈspænʃən/

the act of increasing (something) in size or volume or quantity or scope

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
EXPLORATIONnounUS /ˌeksplərˈeɪʃən/

to travel for the purpose of discovery

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
extensionnounUS /ɪkˈstenʃən/

a mutually agreed delay in the date set for the completion of a job or payment of a debt

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
furnounUS /fɜːr/

the dressed hairy coat of a mammal

From this reading The fur buyers of London opposed the application on the grounds that:

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
grantedadjectiveUS /ˈɡræntəd/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
groundsnounUS /ɡraʊndz/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading The fur buyers of London opposed the application on the grounds that:

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
HousenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading The fur buyers of London opposed the application on the grounds that:

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
mereadjectiveUS /mɪr/

being nothing more than specified

From this reading (2) The Company was a mere stock-jobbing concern of no benefit to the public;

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
monopolynounUS /məˈnɑːpəli/

(economics) a market in which there are many buyers but only one seller

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
NearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading (1) The charter conferred arbitrary powers to which a private company had no right;

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The fur buyers of London opposed the application on the grounds that:

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
opposedadjectiveUS /əˈpoʊzd/

being in opposition or having an opponent

From this reading The fur buyers of London opposed the application on the grounds that:

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
OrangenounUS /ˈɔːrəndʒ/

round yellow to orange fruit of any of several citrus trees

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
originallyadverbUS /ərˈɪdʒənəli/

in an original manner

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
parliamentnounUS /ˈpɑːrləmənt/

a legislative assembly in certain countries

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
powersnounUS /ˈpaʊərz/

plural of “power” — possession of controlling influence

From this reading (1) The charter conferred arbitrary powers to which a private company had no right;

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
privateadjectiveUS /ˈpraɪvət/

confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy

From this reading (1) The charter conferred arbitrary powers to which a private company had no right;

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading (2) The Company was a mere stock-jobbing concern of no benefit to the public;

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
relatedadjectiveUS /rɪˈleɪtɪd/

being connected either logically or causally or by shared characteristics

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading (1) The charter conferred arbitrary powers to which a private company had no right;

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
royaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
shareholdersnounUS /ˈʃerhoʊldərz/

plural of “shareholder” — someone who holds shares of stock in a corporation

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
soldadjectiveUS /soʊld/

disposed of to a purchaser

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
stock-jobbing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading (2) The Company was a mere stock-jobbing concern of no benefit to the public;

Pending verification
StuartsnounUS /ˈstuːərts/

plural of “stuart” — United States painter best known for his portraits of George Washington (1755-1828)

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
thronenounUS /θroʊn/

the chair of state for a monarch, bishop, etc.

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading EXPANSION AND EXPLORATION When the House of Orange came to the throne, it was deemed necessary that the Company's monopoly, originally granted by the Stuarts, should be confirmed.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading (1) The charter conferred arbitrary powers to which a private company had no right;

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading Nearly all the old shareholders, who had been friends of the Stuarts, sold out, and in 1697, the year of the disaster related in the last chapter, the Company applied for an extension of its royal charter by act of parliament.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1

Chapter 11 of The Adventurers of England on Hudson Bay by Agnes C. Laut holds 359 sentences, grouped into 72 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of The Adventurers of England on Hudson Bay contain?

Chapter 11 holds 359 sentences of The Adventurers of England on Hudson Bay, unabridged, divided into 72 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of The Adventurers of England on Hudson Bay by Agnes C. Laut exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 359 sentences, grouped into 72 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of The Adventurers of England on Hudson Bay?

Work through the 72 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 72 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Adventurers of England on Hudson Bay

Common questions about reading The Adventurers of England on Hudson Bay by Agnes C. Laut on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Adventurers of England on Hudson Bay?

Yes. All 1252 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #30377 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Adventurers of England on Hudson Bay is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #30377, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Adventurers of England on Hudson Bay take to read?

About 104 minutes of reading across 251 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Adventurers of England on Hudson Bay section by section

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Vocabulary met early in The Adventurers of England on Hudson Bay

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Adventurers of England on Hudson Bay, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Adventurers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Adventurers of England on Hudson Bay; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
England'
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Adventurers of England on Hudson Bay; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hudson
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Adventurers of England on Hudson Bay; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Agnes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Adventurers of England on Hudson Bay; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.