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The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan
The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan is here in full — 235 sentences across 47 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/47 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Hajji Baba becomes a robber in his own defence, and invades his native city.
I had now been above a year in the hands of the Turcomans, during which I had acquired the entire confidence of my master.
He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.
Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.
I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan is here in full — 235 sentences across 47 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/47 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Hajji Baba becomes a robber in his own defence, and invades his native city.
Line 2
I had now been above a year in the hands of the Turcomans, during which I had acquired the entire confidence of my master.
Line 3
He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.
Line 4
Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.
Line 5
I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.
/aɪ ˈðerfɔːr rɪˈdʒɔɪst ðæt aɪ naʊ hæd æn ˌɑːpərˈtuːnəti ʌv əbˈzɜːrvɪŋ ðə ˈkʌntri wiː wɜːr əˈbaʊt tuː krɔːs ənd dɪˈtɜːrmənd wɪð ˌmaɪˈself ðæt ɪf aɪ kʊd nɑːt ɡet əˈweɪ ˈdʊrɪŋ ðɪs ˌekspəˈdɪʃən ˈnʌθɪŋ ʃʊd ˈhɪndər maɪ əˈtemptɪŋ ɪt ɑːn maɪ rɪˈtɜːrn/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Baba noun US /ˈbʌbə/

a small cake leavened with yeast

From this reading “Hajji Baba becomes a robber in his own defence, and invades his native city.”

encampment noun US /ɪnˈkæmpmɪnt/

a site where people on holiday can pitch a tent

From this reading “Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.”

hinder verb US /ˈhɪndər/

be a hindrance or obstacle to

From this reading “I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.”

invades verb US /ˌɪnˈveɪdz/

third-person singular of “invade” — march aggressively into another's territory by military force for the purposes of conquest and occupation

From this reading “Hajji Baba becomes a robber in his own defence, and invades his native city.”

pastures noun US /ˈpæstʃərz/

plural of “pasture” — a field covered with grass or herbage and suitable for grazing by livestock

From this reading “Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.”

Persia noun US /ˈpɜːrʒə/

an empire in southern Asia created by Cyrus the Great in the 6th century BC and destroyed by Alexander the Great in the 4th century BC

From this reading “He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.”

predatory adjective US /ˈpredətɔːri/

characterized by plundering or pillaging or marauding

From this reading “He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.”

robber noun US /ˈrɑːbər/

a thief who steals from someone by threatening violence

From this reading “Hajji Baba becomes a robber in his own defence, and invades his native city.”

All words in this reading · 128

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Hajji Baba becomes a robber in his own defence, and invades his native city.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading I had now been above a year in the hands of the Turcomans, during which I had acquired the entire confidence of my master.

accompanyverbUS /əˈkʌmpəni/

be present or associated with an event or entity

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

acquiredadjectiveUS /əˈkwaɪərd/

gotten through environmental forces

From this reading I had now been above a year in the hands of the Turcomans, during which I had acquired the entire confidence of my master.

affairsnounUS /əˈferz/

matters of personal concern

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

allowedverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

past form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Hajji Baba becomes a robber in his own defence, and invades his native city.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

attemptnounUS /əˈtempt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

attemptingverbUS /əˈtemptɪŋ/

-ing form of “attempt” — make an effort or attempt

From this reading I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.

BabanounUS /ˈbʌbə/

a small cake leavened with yeast

From this reading Hajji Baba becomes a robber in his own defence, and invades his native city.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

becomesverbUS /bɪˈkʌmz/

third-person singular of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Hajji Baba becomes a robber in his own defence, and invades his native city.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading I had now been above a year in the hands of the Turcomans, during which I had acquired the entire confidence of my master.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading Hajji Baba becomes a robber in his own defence, and invades his native city.

communitynounUS /kəˈmjuːnəti/

a group of people living in a particular local area

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

confidencenounUS /ˈkɑːnfədəns/

freedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities

From this reading I had now been above a year in the hands of the Turcomans, during which I had acquired the entire confidence of my master.

consideredadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərd/

carefully weighed

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

consultedverbUS /kənˈsʌltəd/

past form of “consult” — get or ask advice from

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.

crossverbUS /krɔːs/

travel across or pass over

From this reading I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.

defencenounUS /dɪˈfens/

(psychiatry) an unconscious process that tries to reduce the anxiety associated with instinctive desires

From this reading Hajji Baba becomes a robber in his own defence, and invades his native city.

dependedverbUS /dɪˈpendəd/

past form of “depend” — be contingent upon (something that is elided)

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

desertverbUS /ˈdezərt/

leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

determinedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜːrmənd/

characterized by great determination

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading I had now been above a year in the hands of the Turcomans, during which I had acquired the entire confidence of my master.

encampmentnounUS /ɪnˈkæmpmɪnt/

a site where people on holiday can pitch a tent

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

entireadjectiveUS /ɪnˈtaɪər/

constituting the full quantity or extent; complete

From this reading I had now been above a year in the hands of the Turcomans, during which I had acquired the entire confidence of my master.

entreated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

escapenounUS /ɪˈskeɪp/

the act of escaping physically

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

excursionnounUS /ɪkˈskɜːrʒən/

a journey taken for pleasure

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

expeditionnounUS /ˌekspəˈdɪʃən/

a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country

From this reading I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.

flightnounUS /flaɪt/

a formation of aircraft in flight

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

frequentlyadverbUS /ˈfriːkwəntli/

many times at short intervals

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

grantverbUS /ɡrænt/

let have

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I had now been above a year in the hands of the Turcomans, during which I had acquired the entire confidence of my master.

Hajjinoun

a general term used by foreign soldiers to refer to the Iraqi people

From this reading Hajji Baba becomes a robber in his own defence, and invades his native city.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading I had now been above a year in the hands of the Turcomans, during which I had acquired the entire confidence of my master.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

hinderverbUS /ˈhɪndər/

be a hindrance or obstacle to

From this reading I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Hajji Baba becomes a robber in his own defence, and invades his native city.

HithertoadverbUS /ˈhɪðɜːrˈtuː/

used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

hopesnounUS /hoʊps/

plural of “hope” — a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I had now been above a year in the hands of the Turcomans, during which I had acquired the entire confidence of my master.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.

ignorantadjectiveUS /ˈɪɡnərənt/

uneducated in general; lacking knowledge or sophistication

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Hajji Baba becomes a robber in his own defence, and invades his native city.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

invadesverbUS /ˌɪnˈveɪdz/

third-person singular of “invade” — march aggressively into another's territory by military force for the purposes of conquest and occupation

From this reading Hajji Baba becomes a robber in his own defence, and invades his native city.

invariablyadverbUS /ˌɪnˈveriəbli/

without variation or change, in every case

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

masternounUS /ˈmæstər/

an artist of consummate skill

From this reading I had now been above a year in the hands of the Turcomans, during which I had acquired the entire confidence of my master.

mastersnounUS /ˈmæstərz/

United States poet (1869-1950)

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading I had now been above a year in the hands of the Turcomans, during which I had acquired the entire confidence of my master.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.

nativeadjectiveUS /ˈneɪtɪv/

characteristic of or existing by virtue of geographic origin

From this reading Hajji Baba becomes a robber in his own defence, and invades his native city.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading I had now been above a year in the hands of the Turcomans, during which I had acquired the entire confidence of my master.

observingadjectiveUS /əbˈzɜːrvɪŋ/

quick to notice; showing quick and keen perception

From this reading I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I had now been above a year in the hands of the Turcomans, during which I had acquired the entire confidence of my master.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.

opportunitynounUS /ˌɑːpərˈtuːnəti/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Hajji Baba becomes a robber in his own defence, and invades his native city.

pasturesnounUS /ˈpæstʃərz/

plural of “pasture” — a field covered with grass or herbage and suitable for grazing by livestock

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

perishedverbUS /ˈperɪʃt/

past form of “perish” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

permissionnounUS /pərˈmɪʃən/

approval to do something

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

permitnounUS /pərˈmɪt/

a legal document giving official permission to do something

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

PersianounUS /ˈpɜːrʒə/

an empire in southern Asia created by Cyrus the Great in the 6th century BC and destroyed by Alexander the Great in the 4th century BC

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

predatoryadjectiveUS /ˈpredətɔːri/

characterized by plundering or pillaging or marauding

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

rejoicedverbUS /rɪˈdʒɔɪst/

past form of “rejoice” — feel happiness or joy

From this reading I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

rigournoun

the quality of being valid and rigorous

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

roadsnounUS /roʊdz/

a partly sheltered anchorage

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

robbernounUS /ˈrɑːbər/

a thief who steals from someone by threatening violence

From this reading Hajji Baba becomes a robber in his own defence, and invades his native city.

saltnounUS /sɔːlt/

a compound formed by replacing hydrogen in an acid by a metal (or a radical that acts like a metal)

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

separatedadjectiveUS /ˈsepəreɪtɪd/

being or feeling set or kept apart from others

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.

strayverbUS /streɪ/

move about aimlessly or without any destination, often in search of food or employment

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

surroundingadjectiveUS /sərˈaʊndɪŋ/

closely encircling

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I had now been above a year in the hands of the Turcomans, during which I had acquired the entire confidence of my master.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

totallyadverbUS /ˈtoʊtəli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

treatedadjectiveUS /ˈtriːtɪd/

subjected to a physical (or chemical) treatment or action or agent

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

Turcomans

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had now been above a year in the hands of the Turcomans, during which I had acquired the entire confidence of my master.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

vainadjectiveUS /veɪn/

characteristic of false pride; having an exaggerated sense of self-importance

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading He consulted me upon all his own affairs, as well as those of his community, and as he considered that I might now be depended upon, he determined to permit me to accompany him in a predatory excursion into Persia,--a permission, which, in hopes of a good opportunity to escape, I had frequently entreated of him to grant.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading I therefore rejoiced that I now had an opportunity of observing the country we were about to cross, and determined with myself that if I could not get away during this expedition, nothing should hinder my attempting it on my return.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading I had now been above a year in the hands of the Turcomans, during which I had acquired the entire confidence of my master.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Hitherto I had never been allowed to stray beyond the encampment and its surrounding pastures, and as I was totally ignorant of the roads through the great salt desert which separated us from Persia, I knew that it would be in vain for me to attempt flight, as many before me had done, and had invariably perished or returned to their masters, who treated them with more rigour than before.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading I had now been above a year in the hands of the Turcomans, during which I had acquired the entire confidence of my master.

Chapter 3 of The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan by James Justinian Morier holds 235 sentences, grouped into 47 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan contain?

Chapter 3 holds 235 sentences of The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan, unabridged, divided into 47 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan by James Justinian Morier exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 235 sentences, grouped into 47 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan?

Work through the 47 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 47 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

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Common questions about reading The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan by James Justinian Morier on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #21331, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 419 minutes of reading across 1007 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Hajji
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Noticed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Grand
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Vizier
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.