Chapter XXVII · Chapter 27

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading High up in the Swiss mountains a storm was brewing.

later than; following

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

anew

From this reading As it was, he found one goat missing when he went to house them, and again he had to take his alpenstock and try what he could do.

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

a stout staff with a metal point; used by mountain climbers

From this reading As it was, he found one goat missing when he went to house them, and again he had to take his alpenstock and try what he could do.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading On their cloud-capped summits nothing could be seen but snow--dazzling, blinding white snow, and wreaths of vapor which congealed as it fell.

the event of one object coming closer to another

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading On their cloud-capped summits nothing could be seen but snow--dazzling, blinding white snow, and wreaths of vapor which congealed as it fell.

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading On their cloud-capped summits nothing could be seen but snow--dazzling, blinding white snow, and wreaths of vapor which congealed as it fell.

the past participle of “be”

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

French physiologist noted for research on secretions of the alimentary canal and the glycogenic function of the liver (1813-1878)

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

shining intensely

From this reading On their cloud-capped summits nothing could be seen but snow--dazzling, blinding white snow, and wreaths of vapor which congealed as it fell.

call forth

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

the production of malt beverages (as beer or ale) from malt and hops by grinding and boiling them and fermenting the result with yeast

From this reading High up in the Swiss mountains a storm was brewing.

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading On their cloud-capped summits nothing could be seen but snow--dazzling, blinding white snow, and wreaths of vapor which congealed as it fell.

period extending from Dec. 24 to Jan. 6

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On their cloud-capped summits nothing could be seen but snow--dazzling, blinding white snow, and wreaths of vapor which congealed as it fell.

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

congealed into jelly; solidified by cooling

From this reading On their cloud-capped summits nothing could be seen but snow--dazzling, blinding white snow, and wreaths of vapor which congealed as it fell.

without variation or change, in every case

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading On their cloud-capped summits nothing could be seen but snow--dazzling, blinding white snow, and wreaths of vapor which congealed as it fell.

comparative of “dark” — devoid of or deficient in light or brightness; shadowed or black

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

amazingly impressive; suggestive of the flashing of lightning

From this reading On their cloud-capped summits nothing could be seen but snow--dazzling, blinding white snow, and wreaths of vapor which congealed as it fell.

An action of moving downward, dropping, or falling into a deeper place.

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

with eagerness; in an eager manner

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

-ing form of “escape” — run away from confinement

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

widely known and esteemed

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading On their cloud-capped summits nothing could be seen but snow--dazzling, blinding white snow, and wreaths of vapor which congealed as it fell.

a church congregation guided by a pastor

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

set up or found

From this reading As it was, he found one goat missing when he went to house them, and again he had to take his alpenstock and try what he could do.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

any of numerous agile ruminants related to sheep but having a beard and straight horns

From this reading As it was, he found one goat missing when he went to house them, and again he had to take his alpenstock and try what he could do.

a person who tends a flock of goats

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

inflected form of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

plural of “hamlet” — a community of people smaller than a village

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

marked by or paying little heed or attention

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading High up in the Swiss mountains a storm was brewing.

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading As it was, he found one goat missing when he went to house them, and again he had to take his alpenstock and try what he could do.

past form of “house” — contain or cover

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

moving rapidly or performed quickly or in great haste

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading High up in the Swiss mountains a storm was brewing.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading On their cloud-capped summits nothing could be seen but snow--dazzling, blinding white snow, and wreaths of vapor which congealed as it fell.

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

the first month of the year; begins 10 days after the winter solstice

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

evidencing the possession of inside information

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

an old breed of powerful deep-chested smooth-coated dog used chiefly as a watchdog and guard dog

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

not able to be found

From this reading As it was, he found one goat missing when he went to house them, and again he had to take his alpenstock and try what he could do.

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading High up in the Swiss mountains a storm was brewing.

to a great degree or extent

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

not one, and not any

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

not one thing; not anything

From this reading On their cloud-capped summits nothing could be seen but snow--dazzling, blinding white snow, and wreaths of vapor which congealed as it fell.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading On their cloud-capped summits nothing could be seen but snow--dazzling, blinding white snow, and wreaths of vapor which congealed as it fell.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On their cloud-capped summits nothing could be seen but snow--dazzling, blinding white snow, and wreaths of vapor which congealed as it fell.

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading As it was, he found one goat missing when he went to house them, and again he had to take his alpenstock and try what he could do.

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

-ing form of “prepare” — make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading On their cloud-capped summits nothing could be seen but snow--dazzling, blinding white snow, and wreaths of vapor which congealed as it fell.

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading On their cloud-capped summits nothing could be seen but snow--dazzling, blinding white snow, and wreaths of vapor which congealed as it fell.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

not in physical motion

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

behave violently, as if in state of a great anger

From this reading High up in the Swiss mountains a storm was brewing.

plural of “summit” — the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development

From this reading On their cloud-capped summits nothing could be seen but snow--dazzling, blinding white snow, and wreaths of vapor which congealed as it fell.

the natives or inhabitants of Switzerland

From this reading High up in the Swiss mountains a storm was brewing.

carry out

From this reading As it was, he found one goat missing when he went to house them, and again he had to take his alpenstock and try what he could do.

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading High up in the Swiss mountains a storm was brewing.

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading On their cloud-capped summits nothing could be seen but snow--dazzling, blinding white snow, and wreaths of vapor which congealed as it fell.

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading As it was, he found one goat missing when he went to house them, and again he had to take his alpenstock and try what he could do.

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

characterized by or indicative of distress or affliction or danger or need

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

make an effort or attempt

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading High up in the Swiss mountains a storm was brewing.

a visible suspension in the air of particles of some substance

From this reading On their cloud-capped summits nothing could be seen but snow--dazzling, blinding white snow, and wreaths of vapor which congealed as it fell.

someone who visits

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

waste time; spend one's time idly or inefficiently

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading High up in the Swiss mountains a storm was brewing.

plural of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading All day the people of the hamlets had been preparing for the visitor, knowing full well that they should be housed for weeks after its descent, and as Christmas was approaching, it was needful that much should be done.

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading As it was, he found one goat missing when he went to house them, and again he had to take his alpenstock and try what he could do.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

used to ask for information about something

From this reading As it was, he found one goat missing when he went to house them, and again he had to take his alpenstock and try what he could do.

at the time that

From this reading As it was, he found one goat missing when he went to house them, and again he had to take his alpenstock and try what he could do.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading On their cloud-capped summits nothing could be seen but snow--dazzling, blinding white snow, and wreaths of vapor which congealed as it fell.

a Caucasian

From this reading On their cloud-capped summits nothing could be seen but snow--dazzling, blinding white snow, and wreaths of vapor which congealed as it fell.

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.

plural of “wreath” — flower arrangement consisting of a circular band of foliage or flowers for ornamental purposes

From this reading On their cloud-capped summits nothing could be seen but snow--dazzling, blinding white snow, and wreaths of vapor which congealed as it fell.

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading As the day grew darker, each hurried to complete his or her work, and none essayed more eagerly to do this than young Franz, the goatherd; but try as he would, the heedless, wanton little flock were constantly escaping from him, and if it had not been for Jan, the great mastiff of the famous St. Bernard breed, he would have been still more troubled.