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The adventures of Rob Roy
The adventures of Rob Roy

Chapter XXXIV

Chapter 34 of The adventures of Rob Roy is here in full — 85 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/17 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
MORRAR NA SHEAN, OR THE LORD OF THE VENISON.
Far away in the north of Caithness stands the castle of Braal, on an eminence above the river Thurso.
It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.
A deep fosse lies on its north side, and the remains of various other ditches and outworks are traceable around it.
In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The adventures of Rob Roy

Chapter XXXIV

Chapter 34 of The adventures of Rob Roy is here in full — 85 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/17 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MORRAR NA SHEAN, OR THE LORD OF THE VENISON.
Line 2
Far away in the north of Caithness stands the castle of Braal, on an eminence above the river Thurso.
Line 3
It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.
/ɪt ɪz ə væst skwer ˈtaʊər wɪð wɔːlz ʌv ɡreɪt ˈθɪknəs ˈhævɪŋ ðə ˈneroʊ sterz wɪtʃ led tuː ɪts ˈveriəs ˈstɔːriz fɔːrmd ɪn ðə hɑːrt ʌv ðem/
Line 4
A deep fosse lies on its north side, and the remains of various other ditches and outworks are traceable around it.
Line 5
In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

banners noun US /ˈbænərz/

plural of “banner” — long strip of cloth or paper used for decoration or advertising

From this reading “In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.”

ditches noun US /ˈdɪtʃəz/

plural of “ditch” — a long narrow excavation in the earth

From this reading “A deep fosse lies on its north side, and the remains of various other ditches and outworks are traceable around it.”

emblem noun US /ˈembləm/

special design or visual object representing a quality, type, group, etc.

From this reading “In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.”

fosse noun US /fɑːs/

ditch dug as a fortification and usually filled with water

From this reading “A deep fosse lies on its north side, and the remains of various other ditches and outworks are traceable around it.”

residences noun US /ˈrezɪdənsɪz/

plural of “residence” — any address at which you dwell more than temporarily

From this reading “In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.”

thickness noun US /ˈθɪknəs/

the dimension through an object as opposed to its length or width

From this reading “It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.”

traceable adjective US /ˈtreɪsəbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) able to be traced to

From this reading “A deep fosse lies on its north side, and the remains of various other ditches and outworks are traceable around it.”

venison noun US /ˈvenəsən/

meat from a deer used as food

From this reading “MORRAR NA SHEAN, OR THE LORD OF THE VENISON.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

square tower verb + noun

In this reading “It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.”

narrow stairs verb + noun

In this reading “It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.”

passionate love adjective + noun

In this reading “In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.”

north side noun + noun

the side that is on the north

In this reading “A deep fosse lies on its north side, and the remains of various other ditches and outworks are traceable around it.”

lies on verb + particle counted as “lie on”

In this reading “A deep fosse lies on its north side, and the remains of various other ditches and outworks are traceable around it.”

All words in this reading · 92

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading Far away in the north of Caithness stands the castle of Braal, on an eminence above the river Thurso.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Far away in the north of Caithness stands the castle of Braal, on an eminence above the river Thurso.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A deep fosse lies on its north side, and the remains of various other ditches and outworks are traceable around it.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading A deep fosse lies on its north side, and the remains of various other ditches and outworks are traceable around it.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading A deep fosse lies on its north side, and the remains of various other ditches and outworks are traceable around it.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Far away in the north of Caithness stands the castle of Braal, on an eminence above the river Thurso.

bannersnounUS /ˈbænərz/

plural of “banner” — long strip of cloth or paper used for decoration or advertising

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

Braal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Far away in the north of Caithness stands the castle of Braal, on an eminence above the river Thurso.

Caithness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Far away in the north of Caithness stands the castle of Braal, on an eminence above the river Thurso.

castlenounUS /ˈkæsəl/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading Far away in the north of Caithness stands the castle of Braal, on an eminence above the river Thurso.

CountverbUS /kaʊnt/

determine the number or amount of

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading A deep fosse lies on its north side, and the remains of various other ditches and outworks are traceable around it.

ditchesnounUS /ˈdɪtʃəz/

plural of “ditch” — a long narrow excavation in the earth

From this reading A deep fosse lies on its north side, and the remains of various other ditches and outworks are traceable around it.

EarlnounUS /ɜːrl/

a British peer ranking below a marquess and above a viscount

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

emblemnounUS /ˈembləm/

special design or visual object representing a quality, type, group, etc.

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

eminencenounUS /ˈemənəns/

high status importance owing to marked superiority

From this reading Far away in the north of Caithness stands the castle of Braal, on an eminence above the river Thurso.

FaradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading Far away in the north of Caithness stands the castle of Braal, on an eminence above the river Thurso.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

formedadjectiveUS /fɔːrmd/

having or given a form or shape

From this reading It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.

fossenounUS /fɑːs/

ditch dug as a fortification and usually filled with water

From this reading A deep fosse lies on its north side, and the remains of various other ditches and outworks are traceable around it.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.

Harold

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

huntingnounUS /ˈhʌntɪŋ/

the pursuit and killing or capture of wild animals regarded as a sport

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Far away in the north of Caithness stands the castle of Braal, on an eminence above the river Thurso.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.

Kirkwall

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

leadverbUS /led/

take somebody somewhere

From this reading It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.

liesnounUS /laɪz/

plural of “lie” — a statement that deviates from or perverts the truth

From this reading A deep fosse lies on its north side, and the remains of various other ditches and outworks are traceable around it.

LionnounUS /ˈlaɪən/

large gregarious predatory feline of Africa and India having a tawny coat with a shaggy mane in the male

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

Lochmore

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

LORDnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading MORRAR NA SHEAN, OR THE LORD OF THE VENISON.

lovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

MORRAR

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MORRAR NA SHEAN, OR THE LORD OF THE VENISON.

NAnounUS /nɑː/

a silvery soft waxy metallic element of the alkali metal group

From this reading MORRAR NA SHEAN, OR THE LORD OF THE VENISON.

namedverbUS /neɪmd/

past form of “name” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

narrowverbUS /ˈneroʊ/

make or become more narrow or restricted

From this reading It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.

northnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Far away in the north of Caithness stands the castle of Braal, on an eminence above the river Thurso.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading MORRAR NA SHEAN, OR THE LORD OF THE VENISON.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Far away in the north of Caithness stands the castle of Braal, on an eminence above the river Thurso.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

ORconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading MORRAR NA SHEAN, OR THE LORD OF THE VENISON.

Orkney

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading A deep fosse lies on its north side, and the remains of various other ditches and outworks are traceable around it.

otherwiseadverbUS /ˈʌðərwaɪz/

in other respects or ways

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

outworks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A deep fosse lies on its north side, and the remains of various other ditches and outworks are traceable around it.

passionateadjectiveUS /ˈpæʃənət/

having or expressing strong emotions

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

remainsnounUS /rɪˈmeɪnz/

any object that is left unused or still extant

From this reading A deep fosse lies on its north side, and the remains of various other ditches and outworks are traceable around it.

residencesnounUS /ˈrezɪdənsɪz/

plural of “residence” — any address at which you dwell more than temporarily

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading Far away in the north of Caithness stands the castle of Braal, on an eminence above the river Thurso.

ruraladjectiveUS /ˈrʊrəl/

living in or characteristic of farming or country life

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

ScotlandnounUS /ˈskɑːtlənd/

one of the four countries that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; located on the northern part of the island of Great Britain; famous for bagpipes and plaids and kilts

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

sealsnounUS /siːlz/

plural of “seal” — fastener consisting of a resinous composition that is plastic when warm; used for sealing documents and parcels and letters

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

SHEAN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MORRAR NA SHEAN, OR THE LORD OF THE VENISON.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading A deep fosse lies on its north side, and the remains of various other ditches and outworks are traceable around it.

sportsnounUS /spɔːrts/

plural of “sport” — an active diversion requiring physical exertion and competition

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

squareverbUS /skwer/

make square

From this reading It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.

stairsnounUS /sterz/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.

standsnounUS /stændz/

plural of “stand” — a support or foundation

From this reading Far away in the north of Caithness stands the castle of Braal, on an eminence above the river Thurso.

storiesnounUS /ˈstɔːriz/

plural of “story” — a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.

surnamed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading MORRAR NA SHEAN, OR THE LORD OF THE VENISON.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.

thicknessnounUS /ˈθɪknəs/

the dimension through an object as opposed to its length or width

From this reading It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

Thurso

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Far away in the north of Caithness stands the castle of Braal, on an eminence above the river Thurso.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.

towernounUS /ˈtaʊər/

a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.

traceableadjectiveUS /ˈtreɪsəbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) able to be traced to

From this reading A deep fosse lies on its north side, and the remains of various other ditches and outworks are traceable around it.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.

vastadjectiveUS /væst/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.

VENISONnounUS /ˈvenəsən/

meat from a deer used as food

From this reading MORRAR NA SHEAN, OR THE LORD OF THE VENISON.

wallsnounUS /wɔːlz/

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

William

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the days of William I. of Scotland, surnamed the Lion, because he first put that emblem on his banners and seals, this castle was one of the many residences of Harold Earl of Caithness and Count of Orkney, Lord of Kirkwall, Braal, and Lochmore, who was otherwise named Morrar na Shean, or Lord of the Venison, from his passionate love of hunting and all rural sports.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It is a vast square tower, with walls of great thickness, having the narrow stairs which lead to its various stories formed in the heart of them.

Chapter 34 of The adventures of Rob Roy by James Grant holds 85 sentences, grouped into 17 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 34 of The adventures of Rob Roy contain?

Chapter 34 holds 85 sentences of The adventures of Rob Roy, unabridged, divided into 17 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 34 of The adventures of Rob Roy by James Grant exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 85 sentences, grouped into 17 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 34 of The adventures of Rob Roy?

Work through the 17 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 17 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 34 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 34 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Is this the complete text of The adventures of Rob Roy?

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Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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Vocabulary met early in The adventures of Rob Roy

Words and structures a reader meets early in The adventures of Rob Roy, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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