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The Affable Stranger
The Affable Stranger

Chapter XIV

Chapter 14 of The Affable Stranger is here in full — 49 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/9 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE WARD LEADER In Philadelphia, while being entertained by a friend, I met a ward leader of the new world that is to be.
When I heard the familiar title "ward leader," memory cut back on the film a picture of my old friend "Biff" McGuire, ward leader for Tammany Hall.
"Biff" held sway in a tough district, and in the words of Spencer he was "in a state of correspondence with his environment."
Leaning against the end of the bar with his back against the wall to fend off a possible felon stroke, his pose was one of studied carelessness.
One foot rested lightly on the footrail and at his elbow there was a bottle of his "Private Stock."
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Affable Stranger

Chapter XIV

Chapter 14 of The Affable Stranger is here in full — 49 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/9 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE WARD LEADER In Philadelphia, while being entertained by a friend, I met a ward leader of the new world that is to be.
/ðə wɔːrd ˈliːdər ɪn ˌfɪləˈdelfiə waɪl ˈbiːɪŋ ˌentərˈteɪnd baɪ ə frend aɪ met ə wɔːrd ˈliːdər ʌv ðə nuː wɜːrld ðæt ɪz tuː biː/
Line 2
When I heard the familiar title "ward leader," memory cut back on the film a picture of my old friend "Biff" McGuire, ward leader for Tammany Hall.
Line 3
"Biff" held sway in a tough district, and in the words of Spencer he was "in a state of correspondence with his environment."
/bɪf held sweɪ ɪn ə tʌf ˈdɪstrɪkt ənd ɪn ðə wɜːrdz ʌv ˈspensər hiː wɑːz ɪn ə steɪt ʌv ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndəns wɪð hɪz ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/
Line 4
Leaning against the end of the bar with his back against the wall to fend off a possible felon stroke, his pose was one of studied carelessness.
/ˈliːnɪŋ əˈɡenst ðə end ʌv ðə bɑːr wɪð hɪz bæk əˈɡenst ðə wɔːl tuː fend ɔːf ə ˈpɑːsəbəl ˈfelən stroʊk hɪz poʊz wɑːz wʌn ʌv ˈstʌdid ˈkerləsnəs/
Line 5
One foot rested lightly on the footrail and at his elbow there was a bottle of his "Private Stock."

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Biff noun US /bɪf/

(boxing) a blow with the fist

From this reading “When I heard the familiar title "ward leader," memory cut back on the film a picture of my old friend "Biff" McGuire, ward leader for Tammany Hall.”

environment noun US /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/

the totality of surrounding conditions

From this reading “"Biff" held sway in a tough district, and in the words of Spencer he was "in a state of correspondence with his environment."”

felon noun US /ˈfelən/

someone who has committed a crime or has been legally convicted of a crime

From this reading “Leaning against the end of the bar with his back against the wall to fend off a possible felon stroke, his pose was one of studied carelessness.”

fend verb US /fend/

try to manage without help

From this reading “Leaning against the end of the bar with his back against the wall to fend off a possible felon stroke, his pose was one of studied carelessness.”

film noun US /fɪlm/

a form of entertainment that enacts a story by sound and a sequence of images giving the illusion of continuous movement

From this reading “When I heard the familiar title "ward leader," memory cut back on the film a picture of my old friend "Biff" McGuire, ward leader for Tammany Hall.”

pose verb US /poʊz/

introduce

From this reading “Leaning against the end of the bar with his back against the wall to fend off a possible felon stroke, his pose was one of studied carelessness.”

Spencer noun US /ˈspensər/

English philosopher and sociologist who applied the theory of natural selection to human societies (1820-1903)

From this reading “"Biff" held sway in a tough district, and in the words of Spencer he was "in a state of correspondence with his environment."”

Tammany noun US /ˈtæməni/

a political organization within the Democratic Party in New York City (late 1800's and early 1900's) seeking political control by corruption and bossism

From this reading “When I heard the familiar title "ward leader," memory cut back on the film a picture of my old friend "Biff" McGuire, ward leader for Tammany Hall.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

against the wall preposition + article + noun counted as “against … wall”

In this reading “Leaning against the end of the bar with his back against the wall to fend off a possible felon stroke, his pose was one of studied carelessness.”

old friend adjective + noun

In this reading “When I heard the familiar title "ward leader," memory cut back on the film a picture of my old friend "Biff" McGuire, ward leader for Tammany Hall.”

new world adjective + noun

the hemisphere that includes North America and South America

In this reading “THE WARD LEADER In Philadelphia, while being entertained by a friend, I met a ward leader of the new world that is to be.”

in a state preposition + article + noun counted as “in … state”

In this reading “"Biff" held sway in a tough district, and in the words of Spencer he was "in a state of correspondence with his environment."”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE WARD LEADER In Philadelphia, while being entertained by a friend, I met a ward leader of the new world that is to be.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Leaning against the end of the bar with his back against the wall to fend off a possible felon stroke, his pose was one of studied carelessness.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "Biff" held sway in a tough district, and in the words of Spencer he was "in a state of correspondence with his environment."

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading One foot rested lightly on the footrail and at his elbow there was a bottle of his "Private Stock."

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading When I heard the familiar title "ward leader," memory cut back on the film a picture of my old friend "Biff" McGuire, ward leader for Tammany Hall.

barnounUS /bɑːr/

a room or establishment where alcoholic drinks are served over a counter

From this reading Leaning against the end of the bar with his back against the wall to fend off a possible felon stroke, his pose was one of studied carelessness.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading THE WARD LEADER In Philadelphia, while being entertained by a friend, I met a ward leader of the new world that is to be.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading THE WARD LEADER In Philadelphia, while being entertained by a friend, I met a ward leader of the new world that is to be.

BiffnounUS /bɪf/

(boxing) a blow with the fist

From this reading When I heard the familiar title "ward leader," memory cut back on the film a picture of my old friend "Biff" McGuire, ward leader for Tammany Hall.

bottlenounUS /ˈbɑːtəl/

a glass or plastic vessel used for storing drinks or other liquids; typically cylindrical without handles and with a narrow neck that can be plugged or capped

From this reading One foot rested lightly on the footrail and at his elbow there was a bottle of his "Private Stock."

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading THE WARD LEADER In Philadelphia, while being entertained by a friend, I met a ward leader of the new world that is to be.

carelessnessnounUS /ˈkerləsnəs/

the quality of not being careful or taking pains

From this reading Leaning against the end of the bar with his back against the wall to fend off a possible felon stroke, his pose was one of studied carelessness.

correspondencenounUS /ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndəns/

communication by the exchange of letters

From this reading "Biff" held sway in a tough district, and in the words of Spencer he was "in a state of correspondence with his environment."

cutverbUS /kʌt/

separate with or as if with an instrument

From this reading When I heard the familiar title "ward leader," memory cut back on the film a picture of my old friend "Biff" McGuire, ward leader for Tammany Hall.

districtnounUS /ˈdɪstrɪkt/

a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading "Biff" held sway in a tough district, and in the words of Spencer he was "in a state of correspondence with his environment."

elbownounUS /ˈelboʊ/

hinge joint between the forearm and upper arm and the corresponding joint in the forelimb of a quadruped

From this reading One foot rested lightly on the footrail and at his elbow there was a bottle of his "Private Stock."

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Leaning against the end of the bar with his back against the wall to fend off a possible felon stroke, his pose was one of studied carelessness.

entertainedadjectiveUS /ˌentərˈteɪnd/

pleasantly occupied

From this reading THE WARD LEADER In Philadelphia, while being entertained by a friend, I met a ward leader of the new world that is to be.

environmentnounUS /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/

the totality of surrounding conditions

From this reading "Biff" held sway in a tough district, and in the words of Spencer he was "in a state of correspondence with his environment."

familiaradjectiveUS /fəˈmɪljər/

well known or easily recognized

From this reading When I heard the familiar title "ward leader," memory cut back on the film a picture of my old friend "Biff" McGuire, ward leader for Tammany Hall.

felonnounUS /ˈfelən/

someone who has committed a crime or has been legally convicted of a crime

From this reading Leaning against the end of the bar with his back against the wall to fend off a possible felon stroke, his pose was one of studied carelessness.

fendverbUS /fend/

try to manage without help

From this reading Leaning against the end of the bar with his back against the wall to fend off a possible felon stroke, his pose was one of studied carelessness.

filmnounUS /fɪlm/

a form of entertainment that enacts a story by sound and a sequence of images giving the illusion of continuous movement

From this reading When I heard the familiar title "ward leader," memory cut back on the film a picture of my old friend "Biff" McGuire, ward leader for Tammany Hall.

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading One foot rested lightly on the footrail and at his elbow there was a bottle of his "Private Stock."

footrail

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One foot rested lightly on the footrail and at his elbow there was a bottle of his "Private Stock."

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading When I heard the familiar title "ward leader," memory cut back on the film a picture of my old friend "Biff" McGuire, ward leader for Tammany Hall.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading THE WARD LEADER In Philadelphia, while being entertained by a friend, I met a ward leader of the new world that is to be.

HallnounUS /hɔːl/

an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open

From this reading When I heard the familiar title "ward leader," memory cut back on the film a picture of my old friend "Biff" McGuire, ward leader for Tammany Hall.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "Biff" held sway in a tough district, and in the words of Spencer he was "in a state of correspondence with his environment."

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading When I heard the familiar title "ward leader," memory cut back on the film a picture of my old friend "Biff" McGuire, ward leader for Tammany Hall.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading "Biff" held sway in a tough district, and in the words of Spencer he was "in a state of correspondence with his environment."

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading "Biff" held sway in a tough district, and in the words of Spencer he was "in a state of correspondence with his environment."

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading THE WARD LEADER In Philadelphia, while being entertained by a friend, I met a ward leader of the new world that is to be.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE WARD LEADER In Philadelphia, while being entertained by a friend, I met a ward leader of the new world that is to be.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE WARD LEADER In Philadelphia, while being entertained by a friend, I met a ward leader of the new world that is to be.

LEADERnounUS /ˈliːdər/

a person who rules or guides or inspires others

From this reading THE WARD LEADER In Philadelphia, while being entertained by a friend, I met a ward leader of the new world that is to be.

LeaningadjectiveUS /ˈliːnɪŋ/

departing or being caused to depart from the true vertical or horizontal

From this reading Leaning against the end of the bar with his back against the wall to fend off a possible felon stroke, his pose was one of studied carelessness.

lightlyadverbUS /ˈlaɪtli/

without good reason

From this reading One foot rested lightly on the footrail and at his elbow there was a bottle of his "Private Stock."

McGuire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When I heard the familiar title "ward leader," memory cut back on the film a picture of my old friend "Biff" McGuire, ward leader for Tammany Hall.

memorynounUS /ˈmem.ər.i/

The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information and knowledge.

From this reading When I heard the familiar title "ward leader," memory cut back on the film a picture of my old friend "Biff" McGuire, ward leader for Tammany Hall.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading THE WARD LEADER In Philadelphia, while being entertained by a friend, I met a ward leader of the new world that is to be.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading When I heard the familiar title "ward leader," memory cut back on the film a picture of my old friend "Biff" McGuire, ward leader for Tammany Hall.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading THE WARD LEADER In Philadelphia, while being entertained by a friend, I met a ward leader of the new world that is to be.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE WARD LEADER In Philadelphia, while being entertained by a friend, I met a ward leader of the new world that is to be.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Leaning against the end of the bar with his back against the wall to fend off a possible felon stroke, his pose was one of studied carelessness.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading When I heard the familiar title "ward leader," memory cut back on the film a picture of my old friend "Biff" McGuire, ward leader for Tammany Hall.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading When I heard the familiar title "ward leader," memory cut back on the film a picture of my old friend "Biff" McGuire, ward leader for Tammany Hall.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Leaning against the end of the bar with his back against the wall to fend off a possible felon stroke, his pose was one of studied carelessness.

PhiladelphianounUS /ˌfɪləˈdelfiə/

the largest city in Pennsylvania; located in the southeastern part of the state on the Delaware river; site of Independence Hall where the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution were signed; site of the University of Pennsylvania

From this reading THE WARD LEADER In Philadelphia, while being entertained by a friend, I met a ward leader of the new world that is to be.

picturenounUS /ˈpɪktʃər/

a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading When I heard the familiar title "ward leader," memory cut back on the film a picture of my old friend "Biff" McGuire, ward leader for Tammany Hall.

poseverbUS /poʊz/

introduce

From this reading Leaning against the end of the bar with his back against the wall to fend off a possible felon stroke, his pose was one of studied carelessness.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading Leaning against the end of the bar with his back against the wall to fend off a possible felon stroke, his pose was one of studied carelessness.

PrivateadjectiveUS /ˈpraɪvət/

confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy

From this reading One foot rested lightly on the footrail and at his elbow there was a bottle of his "Private Stock."

restedadjectiveUS /ˈrestəd/

not tired; refreshed as by sleeping or relaxing

From this reading One foot rested lightly on the footrail and at his elbow there was a bottle of his "Private Stock."

SpencernounUS /ˈspensər/

English philosopher and sociologist who applied the theory of natural selection to human societies (1820-1903)

From this reading "Biff" held sway in a tough district, and in the words of Spencer he was "in a state of correspondence with his environment."

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading "Biff" held sway in a tough district, and in the words of Spencer he was "in a state of correspondence with his environment."

StocknounUS /stɑːk/

the capital raised by a corporation through the issue of shares entitling holders to an ownership interest

From this reading One foot rested lightly on the footrail and at his elbow there was a bottle of his "Private Stock."

strokenounUS /stroʊk/

(sports) the act of swinging or striking at a ball with a club or racket or bat or cue or hand

From this reading Leaning against the end of the bar with his back against the wall to fend off a possible felon stroke, his pose was one of studied carelessness.

studiedadjectiveUS /ˈstʌdid/

produced or marked by conscious design or premeditation

From this reading Leaning against the end of the bar with his back against the wall to fend off a possible felon stroke, his pose was one of studied carelessness.

swayverbUS /sweɪ/

move back and forth or sideways

From this reading "Biff" held sway in a tough district, and in the words of Spencer he was "in a state of correspondence with his environment."

TammanynounUS /ˈtæməni/

a political organization within the Democratic Party in New York City (late 1800's and early 1900's) seeking political control by corruption and bossism

From this reading When I heard the familiar title "ward leader," memory cut back on the film a picture of my old friend "Biff" McGuire, ward leader for Tammany Hall.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading THE WARD LEADER In Philadelphia, while being entertained by a friend, I met a ward leader of the new world that is to be.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE WARD LEADER In Philadelphia, while being entertained by a friend, I met a ward leader of the new world that is to be.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading One foot rested lightly on the footrail and at his elbow there was a bottle of his "Private Stock."

titlenounUS /ˈtaɪtəl/

a heading that names a statute or legislative bill; may give a brief summary of the matters it deals with

From this reading When I heard the familiar title "ward leader," memory cut back on the film a picture of my old friend "Biff" McGuire, ward leader for Tammany Hall.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE WARD LEADER In Philadelphia, while being entertained by a friend, I met a ward leader of the new world that is to be.

toughadjectiveUS /tʌf/

not given to gentleness or sentimentality

From this reading "Biff" held sway in a tough district, and in the words of Spencer he was "in a state of correspondence with his environment."

wallnounUS /wɔːl/

an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading Leaning against the end of the bar with his back against the wall to fend off a possible felon stroke, his pose was one of studied carelessness.

WARDnounUS /wɔːrd/

a person who is under the protection or in the custody of another

From this reading THE WARD LEADER In Philadelphia, while being entertained by a friend, I met a ward leader of the new world that is to be.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "Biff" held sway in a tough district, and in the words of Spencer he was "in a state of correspondence with his environment."

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When I heard the familiar title "ward leader," memory cut back on the film a picture of my old friend "Biff" McGuire, ward leader for Tammany Hall.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading THE WARD LEADER In Philadelphia, while being entertained by a friend, I met a ward leader of the new world that is to be.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading "Biff" held sway in a tough district, and in the words of Spencer he was "in a state of correspondence with his environment."

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading "Biff" held sway in a tough district, and in the words of Spencer he was "in a state of correspondence with his environment."

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading THE WARD LEADER In Philadelphia, while being entertained by a friend, I met a ward leader of the new world that is to be.

Chapter 14 of The Affable Stranger by Peter McArthur holds 49 sentences, grouped into 10 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 14 of The Affable Stranger contain?

Chapter 14 holds 49 sentences of The Affable Stranger, unabridged, divided into 10 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 14 of The Affable Stranger by Peter McArthur exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 49 sentences, grouped into 10 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 14 of The Affable Stranger?

Work through the 10 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 10 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 14 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 14 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Affable Stranger

Common questions about reading The Affable Stranger by Peter McArthur on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Affable Stranger?

Yes. All 1811 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #48128 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Affable Stranger is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #48128, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Affable Stranger take to read?

About 150 minutes of reading across 363 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Affable Stranger section by section

How to work through The Affable Stranger section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 23 chapters of The Affable Stranger to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Affable Stranger

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Affable Stranger, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Clear
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Affable Stranger; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Purpose
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Affable Stranger; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Suggest
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Affable Stranger; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Possibilities
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Affable Stranger; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.