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The Age of Chivalry
The Age of Chivalry

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of The Age of Chivalry is here in full — 46 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/9 · 5 lines
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QUEEN GUENEVER'S PERIL It happened at this time that Queen Guenever was thrown into great peril of her life.
A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.
For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.
But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.
The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Age of Chivalry

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of The Age of Chivalry is here in full — 46 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/9 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
QUEEN GUENEVER'S PERIL It happened at this time that Queen Guenever was thrown into great peril of her life.
Line 2
A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.
/ə ˈsɜːrtən skwaɪr huː wɑːz ɪn hɜːr ˌɪˈmiːdiːət ˈsɜːrvəs ˈhævɪŋ sʌm kɑːz ʌv ˌænəˈmɑːsəti tuː sɜːr ˈɡɑːwən dɪˈtɜːrmənd tuː dɪˈstrɔɪ hɪm baɪ ˈpɔɪzən æt ə ˈpʌblɪk ˌentərˈteɪnmənt/
Line 3
For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.
Line 4
But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.
/bʌt ɪt ˈhæpənd ðæt ə ˈskɑːtɪʃ naɪt ʌv haɪ dɪˈstɪŋkʃən huː ərˈaɪvd ɑːn ðæt deɪ wɑːz ˈsiːtɪd nekst tuː ðə kwiːn ənd tuː hɪm æz ə ˈstreɪndʒər ʃiː priˈzentɪd ðə ˈæpəl wɪtʃ hiː hæd noʊ ˈsuːnər ˈiːtən ðæn hiː wɑːz siːzd wɪð ˈdredfəl peɪn ənd fel ˈsensləs/
Line 5
The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.
/ðə hoʊl kɔːrt wɑːz ʌv kɔːrs θroʊn ˈɪntuː kənˈfjuːʒən ðə naɪts roʊz frʌm ˈteɪbəl ˈdɑːrtɪŋ lʊks ʌv ˌɪndɪɡˈneɪʃən æt ðə ˈretʃɪd kwiːn huːz terz ənd ˌproʊteˈsteɪʃənz wɜːr əˈneɪbəl tuː riˈmuːv ðer səˈspɪʃənz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

animosity noun US /ˌænəˈmɑːsəti/

a feeling of ill will arousing active hostility

From this reading “A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.”

apple noun US /ˈæpəl/

fruit with red or yellow or green skin and sweet to tart crisp whitish flesh

From this reading “For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.”

darting verb US /ˈdɑːrtɪŋ/

-ing form of “dart” — move along rapidly and lightly; skim or dart

From this reading “The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.”

entertainment noun US /ˌentərˈteɪnmənt/

an activity that is diverting and that holds the attention

From this reading “A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.”

Gawain noun US /ˈɡɑːwən/

(Arthurian legend) a nephew of Arthur and one of the knights of the Round Table

From this reading “A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.”

protestations noun US /ˌproʊteˈsteɪʃənz/

plural of “protestation” — a formal and solemn declaration of objection

From this reading “The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.”

Scottish noun US /ˈskɑːtɪʃ/

the dialect of English used in Scotland

From this reading “But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.”

senseless adjective US /ˈsensləs/

not marked by the use of reason

From this reading “But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.”

All words in this reading · 106

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

animositynounUS /ˌænəˈmɑːsəti/

a feeling of ill will arousing active hostility

From this reading A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

applenounUS /ˈæpəl/

fruit with red or yellow or green skin and sweet to tart crisp whitish flesh

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading QUEEN GUENEVER'S PERIL It happened at this time that Queen Guenever was thrown into great peril of her life.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.

causenounUS /kɑːz/

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.

concealedadjectiveUS /kənˈsiːld/

not accessible to view

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

confusionnounUS /kənˈfjuːʒən/

disorder resulting from a failure to behave predictably

From this reading The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.

dartingverbUS /ˈdɑːrtɪŋ/

-ing form of “dart” — move along rapidly and lightly; skim or dart

From this reading The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.

destroyverbUS /dɪˈstrɔɪ/

do away with, cause the destruction or undoing of

From this reading A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.

determinedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜːrmənd/

characterized by great determination

From this reading A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.

dignitynounUS /ˈdɪɡnəti/

the quality of being worthy of esteem or respect

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

dishnounUS /dɪʃ/

a piece of dishware normally used as a container for holding or serving food

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

distinctionnounUS /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/

a discrimination between things as different and distinct on the basis of their characteristics or attributes

From this reading But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.

dreadfuladjectiveUS /ˈdredfəl/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.

eatenverbUS /ˈiːtən/

inflected form of “eat” — take in solid food

From this reading But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.

entertainmentnounUS /ˌentərˈteɪnmənt/

an activity that is diverting and that holds the attention

From this reading A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.

GawainnounUS /ˈɡɑːwən/

(Arthurian legend) a nephew of Arthur and one of the knights of the Round Table

From this reading A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading QUEEN GUENEVER'S PERIL It happened at this time that Queen Guenever was thrown into great peril of her life.

greatestadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtəst/

highest in quality

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

Guenever

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading QUEEN GUENEVER'S PERIL It happened at this time that Queen Guenever was thrown into great peril of her life.

GUENEVER'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading QUEEN GUENEVER'S PERIL It happened at this time that Queen Guenever was thrown into great peril of her life.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.

happenedverbUS /ˈhæpənd/

past form of “happen” — come to pass

From this reading QUEEN GUENEVER'S PERIL It happened at this time that Queen Guenever was thrown into great peril of her life.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading QUEEN GUENEVER'S PERIL It happened at this time that Queen Guenever was thrown into great peril of her life.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.

hopingverbUS /ˈhoʊpɪŋ/

-ing form of “hope” — expect and wish

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

immediateadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈmiːdiːət/

of the present time and place

From this reading A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.

indignationnounUS /ˌɪndɪɡˈneɪʃən/

a feeling of righteous anger

From this reading The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading QUEEN GUENEVER'S PERIL It happened at this time that Queen Guenever was thrown into great peril of her life.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading QUEEN GUENEVER'S PERIL It happened at this time that Queen Guenever was thrown into great peril of her life.

knightnounUS /naɪt/

originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

knightsnounUS /naɪts/

plural of “knight” — originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit

From this reading The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading QUEEN GUENEVER'S PERIL It happened at this time that Queen Guenever was thrown into great peril of her life.

looksnounUS /lʊks/

plural of “look” — the feelings expressed on a person's face

From this reading The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading QUEEN GUENEVER'S PERIL It happened at this time that Queen Guenever was thrown into great peril of her life.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

painnounUS /peɪn/

a symptom of some physical hurt or disorder

From this reading But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.

PERILnounUS /ˈperəl/

a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune

From this reading QUEEN GUENEVER'S PERIL It happened at this time that Queen Guenever was thrown into great peril of her life.

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

poisonverbUS /ˈpɔɪzən/

spoil as if by poison

From this reading A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

presentedverbUS /priˈzentɪd/

past form of “present” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.

protestationsnounUS /ˌproʊteˈsteɪʃənz/

plural of “protestation” — a formal and solemn declaration of objection

From this reading The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

QUEENnounUS /kwiːn/

the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs

From this reading QUEEN GUENEVER'S PERIL It happened at this time that Queen Guenever was thrown into great peril of her life.

removeverbUS /riˈmuːv/

remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract

From this reading The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.

ScottishnounUS /ˈskɑːtɪʃ/

the dialect of English used in Scotland

From this reading But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.

seatedadjectiveUS /ˈsiːtɪd/

(of persons) having the torso erect and legs bent with the body supported on the buttocks

From this reading But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.

seizedverbUS /siːzd/

past form of “seize” — take hold of; grab

From this reading But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.

senselessadjectiveUS /ˈsensləs/

not marked by the use of reason

From this reading But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.

servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.

sooneradverbUS /ˈsuːnər/

comparatives of “soon” or “early”

From this reading But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.

squirenounUS /skwaɪr/

young nobleman attendant on a knight

From this reading A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.

strangernounUS /ˈstreɪndʒər/

anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.

suspicionsnounUS /səˈspɪʃənz/

plural of “suspicion” — an impression that something might be the case

From this reading The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.

tablenounUS /ˈteɪbəl/

a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.

tearsnounUS /terz/

the process of shedding tears (usually accompanied by sobs or other inarticulate sounds)

From this reading The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading QUEEN GUENEVER'S PERIL It happened at this time that Queen Guenever was thrown into great peril of her life.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading QUEEN GUENEVER'S PERIL It happened at this time that Queen Guenever was thrown into great peril of her life.

thrownadjectiveUS /θroʊn/

caused to fall to the ground

From this reading QUEEN GUENEVER'S PERIL It happened at this time that Queen Guenever was thrown into great peril of her life.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading QUEEN GUENEVER'S PERIL It happened at this time that Queen Guenever was thrown into great peril of her life.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.

topnounUS /tɑːp/

the upper part of anything

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

unableadjectiveUS /əˈneɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) not having the necessary means or skill or know-how

From this reading The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading QUEEN GUENEVER'S PERIL It happened at this time that Queen Guenever was thrown into great peril of her life.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading A certain squire who was in her immediate service, having some cause of animosity to Sir Gawain, determined to destroy him by poison, at a public entertainment.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading But it happened that a Scottish knight of high distinction, who arrived on that day, was seated next to the queen, and to him as a stranger she presented the apple, which he had no sooner eaten than he was seized with dreadful pain, and fell senseless.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading For this purpose he concealed the poison in an apple of fine appearance, which he placed on the top of several others, and put the dish before the queen, hoping that, as Sir Gawain was the knight of greatest dignity, she would present the apple to him.

wretchedadjectiveUS /ˈretʃɪd/

of very poor quality or condition

From this reading The whole court was, of course, thrown into confusion; the knights rose from table, darting looks of indignation at the wretched queen, whose tears and protestations were unable to remove their suspicions.

Chapter 11 of The Age of Chivalry by Thomas Bulfinch holds 46 sentences, grouped into 10 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of The Age of Chivalry contain?

Chapter 11 holds 46 sentences of The Age of Chivalry, unabridged, divided into 10 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of The Age of Chivalry by Thomas Bulfinch exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 46 sentences, grouped into 10 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of The Age of Chivalry?

Work through the 10 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 10 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Is this the complete text of The Age of Chivalry?

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Project Gutenberg eBook #4926, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Age of Chivalry take to read?

About 398 minutes of reading across 956 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Age of Chivalry

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Age of Chivalry, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Decline
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Roman
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Power
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Centuries
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.