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The Age of Chivalry
The Age of Chivalry

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of The Age of Chivalry is here in full — 59 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/11 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.
His best knights had fallen in a late battle, and he knew not where to turn for assistance.
Tristram volunteered his aid.
It was accepted; and the army of Hoel, led by Tristram, and inspired by his example, gained a complete victory.
The king, penetrated by the most lively sentiments of gratitude, and having informed himself of Tristram's birth, offered him his daughter in marriage.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Age of Chivalry

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of The Age of Chivalry is here in full — 59 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.
Line 2
His best knights had fallen in a late battle, and he knew not where to turn for assistance.
/hɪz best naɪts hæd ˈfɑːlən ɪn ə leɪt ˈbætəl ənd hiː nuː nɑːt wer tuː tɜːrn fɔːr əˈsɪstəns/
Line 3
Tristram volunteered his aid.
/ˈtrɪstrəm ˌvɑːlənˈtɪrd hɪz eɪd/
Line 4
It was accepted; and the army of Hoel, led by Tristram, and inspired by his example, gained a complete victory.
Line 5
The king, penetrated by the most lively sentiments of gratitude, and having informed himself of Tristram's birth, offered him his daughter in marriage.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

arriving verb US /ərˈaɪvɪŋ/

-ing form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading “SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.”

Brittany noun US /ˈbrɪtəni/

a former province of northwestern France on a peninsula between the English Channel and the Bay of Biscay

From this reading “SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.”

penetrated verb US /ˈpenətreɪtɪd/

past form of “penetrate” — pass into or through, often by overcoming resistance

From this reading “The king, penetrated by the most lively sentiments of gratitude, and having informed himself of Tristram's birth, offered him his daughter in marriage.”

rebellious adjective US /rɪˈbeljəs/

resisting control or authority

From this reading “SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.”

sentiments noun US /ˈsentəmənts/

plural of “sentiment” — tender, romantic, or nostalgic feeling or emotion

From this reading “The king, penetrated by the most lively sentiments of gratitude, and having informed himself of Tristram's birth, offered him his daughter in marriage.”

tristram noun US /ˈtrɪstrəm/

(Middle Ages) the nephew of the king of Cornwall who (according to legend) fell in love with his uncle's bride (Iseult) after they mistakenly drank a love potion that left them eternally in love with each other

From this reading “SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.”

vassal noun US /ˈvæsəl/

a person holding a fief; a person who owes allegiance and service to a feudal lord

From this reading “SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.”

volunteered verb US /ˌvɑːlənˈtɪrd/

past form of “volunteer” — tell voluntarily

From this reading “Tristram volunteered his aid.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.

acceptedadjectiveUS /ækˈseptɪd/

generally approved or compelling recognition

From this reading It was accepted; and the army of Hoel, led by Tristram, and inspired by his example, gained a complete victory.

aidnounUS /eɪd/

a person or thing that is a resource that helps make something easier or possible to do

From this reading Tristram volunteered his aid.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading It was accepted; and the army of Hoel, led by Tristram, and inspired by his example, gained a complete victory.

arrivingverbUS /ərˈaɪvɪŋ/

-ing form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.

assistancenounUS /əˈsɪstəns/

the activity of contributing to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose

From this reading His best knights had fallen in a late battle, and he knew not where to turn for assistance.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading His best knights had fallen in a late battle, and he knew not where to turn for assistance.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading His best knights had fallen in a late battle, and he knew not where to turn for assistance.

birthnounUS /bɜːrθ/

the time when something begins (especially life)

From this reading The king, penetrated by the most lively sentiments of gratitude, and having informed himself of Tristram's birth, offered him his daughter in marriage.

BrittanynounUS /ˈbrɪtəni/

a former province of northwestern France on a peninsula between the English Channel and the Bay of Biscay

From this reading SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.

completeverbUS /kəmˈpliːt/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading It was accepted; and the army of Hoel, led by Tristram, and inspired by his example, gained a complete victory.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading The king, penetrated by the most lively sentiments of gratitude, and having informed himself of Tristram's birth, offered him his daughter in marriage.

enemynounUS /ˈenəmi/

an opposing military force

From this reading SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.

engagedadjectiveUS /enˈɡeɪdʒd/

having ones attention or mind or energy engaged

From this reading SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.

examplenounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəl/

an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading It was accepted; and the army of Hoel, led by Tristram, and inspired by his example, gained a complete victory.

fallenadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlən/

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading His best knights had fallen in a late battle, and he knew not where to turn for assistance.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading His best knights had fallen in a late battle, and he knew not where to turn for assistance.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.

gainedverbUS /ɡeɪnd/

past form of “gain” — obtain

From this reading It was accepted; and the army of Hoel, led by Tristram, and inspired by his example, gained a complete victory.

gratitudenounUS /ˈɡrætətuːd/

a feeling of thankfulness and appreciation

From this reading The king, penetrated by the most lively sentiments of gratitude, and having informed himself of Tristram's birth, offered him his daughter in marriage.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading His best knights had fallen in a late battle, and he knew not where to turn for assistance.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading The king, penetrated by the most lively sentiments of gratitude, and having informed himself of Tristram's birth, offered him his daughter in marriage.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading His best knights had fallen in a late battle, and he knew not where to turn for assistance.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The king, penetrated by the most lively sentiments of gratitude, and having informed himself of Tristram's birth, offered him his daughter in marriage.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading The king, penetrated by the most lively sentiments of gratitude, and having informed himself of Tristram's birth, offered him his daughter in marriage.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.

Hoel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.

informedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈfɔːrmd/

having much knowledge or education

From this reading The king, penetrated by the most lively sentiments of gratitude, and having informed himself of Tristram's birth, offered him his daughter in marriage.

inspiredadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈspaɪərd/

being of such surpassing excellence as to suggest inspiration by the gods

From this reading It was accepted; and the army of Hoel, led by Tristram, and inspired by his example, gained a complete victory.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was accepted; and the army of Hoel, led by Tristram, and inspired by his example, gained a complete victory.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading His best knights had fallen in a late battle, and he knew not where to turn for assistance.

knightsnounUS /naɪts/

plural of “knight” — originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit

From this reading His best knights had fallen in a late battle, and he knew not where to turn for assistance.

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading His best knights had fallen in a late battle, and he knew not where to turn for assistance.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading It was accepted; and the army of Hoel, led by Tristram, and inspired by his example, gained a complete victory.

livelyadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪvli/

full of life and energy

From this reading The king, penetrated by the most lively sentiments of gratitude, and having informed himself of Tristram's birth, offered him his daughter in marriage.

marriagenounUS /ˈmerɪdʒ/

the state of being a married couple voluntarily joined for life (or until divorce)

From this reading The king, penetrated by the most lively sentiments of gratitude, and having informed himself of Tristram's birth, offered him his daughter in marriage.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading The king, penetrated by the most lively sentiments of gratitude, and having informed himself of Tristram's birth, offered him his daughter in marriage.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading His best knights had fallen in a late battle, and he knew not where to turn for assistance.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was accepted; and the army of Hoel, led by Tristram, and inspired by his example, gained a complete victory.

offeredverbUS /ˈɔːfərd/

past form of “offer” — make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading The king, penetrated by the most lively sentiments of gratitude, and having informed himself of Tristram's birth, offered him his daughter in marriage.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.

penetratedverbUS /ˈpenətreɪtɪd/

past form of “penetrate” — pass into or through, often by overcoming resistance

From this reading The king, penetrated by the most lively sentiments of gratitude, and having informed himself of Tristram's birth, offered him his daughter in marriage.

pressedadjectiveUS /prest/

compacted by ironing

From this reading SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.

rebelliousadjectiveUS /rɪˈbeljəs/

resisting control or authority

From this reading SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.

sentimentsnounUS /ˈsentəmənts/

plural of “sentiment” — tender, romantic, or nostalgic feeling or emotion

From this reading The king, penetrated by the most lively sentiments of gratitude, and having informed himself of Tristram's birth, offered him his daughter in marriage.

SIRnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It was accepted; and the army of Hoel, led by Tristram, and inspired by his example, gained a complete victory.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading His best knights had fallen in a late battle, and he knew not where to turn for assistance.

TRISTRAMnounUS /ˈtrɪstrəm/

(Middle Ages) the nephew of the king of Cornwall who (according to legend) fell in love with his uncle's bride (Iseult) after they mistakenly drank a love potion that left them eternally in love with each other

From this reading SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.

Tristram's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The king, penetrated by the most lively sentiments of gratitude, and having informed himself of Tristram's birth, offered him his daughter in marriage.

turnverbUS /tɜːrn/

change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense

From this reading His best knights had fallen in a late battle, and he knew not where to turn for assistance.

vassalnounUS /ˈvæsəl/

a person holding a fief; a person who owes allegiance and service to a feudal lord

From this reading SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.

victorynounUS /ˈvɪktəri/

a successful ending of a struggle or contest

From this reading It was accepted; and the army of Hoel, led by Tristram, and inspired by his example, gained a complete victory.

volunteeredverbUS /ˌvɑːlənˈtɪrd/

past form of “volunteer” — tell voluntarily

From this reading Tristram volunteered his aid.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was accepted; and the army of Hoel, led by Tristram, and inspired by his example, gained a complete victory.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading His best knights had fallen in a late battle, and he knew not where to turn for assistance.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading SIR TRISTRAM On arriving in Brittany Tristram found King Hoel engaged in a war with a rebellious vassal, and hard pressed by his enemy.

Chapter 17 of The Age of Chivalry by Thomas Bulfinch holds 59 sentences, grouped into 12 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of The Age of Chivalry contain?

Chapter 17 holds 59 sentences of The Age of Chivalry, unabridged, divided into 12 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of The Age of Chivalry by Thomas Bulfinch exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 59 sentences, grouped into 12 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of The Age of Chivalry?

Work through the 12 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 12 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Age of Chivalry

Common questions about reading The Age of Chivalry by Thomas Bulfinch on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Age of Chivalry?

Yes. All 4782 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4926 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Age of Chivalry is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4926, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Age of Chivalry take to read?

About 398 minutes of reading across 957 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Age of Chivalry section by section

How to work through The Age of Chivalry section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Age of Chivalry

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Age of Chivalry, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Decline
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Roman
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Power
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Centuries
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.