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The Age of Chivalry
The Age of Chivalry

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of The Age of Chivalry is here in full — 127 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.
He was allowed no weapon but "a lyttel Scots spere," which was the only thing of all "her lordes faire gere" that his mother carried to the wood with her.
In the use of this he became so skilful, that he could kill with it not only the animals of the chase for the table, but even birds on the wing.
At length, however, Perceval was roused to a desire of military renown by seeing in the forest five knights who were in complete armor.
He said to his mother, "Mother, what are those yonder?"
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Age of Chivalry

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of The Age of Chivalry is here in full — 127 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/25 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.
Line 2
He was allowed no weapon but "a lyttel Scots spere," which was the only thing of all "her lordes faire gere" that his mother carried to the wood with her.
Line 3
In the use of this he became so skilful, that he could kill with it not only the animals of the chase for the table, but even birds on the wing.
Line 4
At length, however, Perceval was roused to a desire of military renown by seeing in the forest five knights who were in complete armor.
Line 5
He said to his mother, "Mother, what are those yonder?"
/hiː sed tuː hɪz ˈmʌðər ˈmʌðər wʌt ɑːr ðoʊz ˈjɑːndər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

armor noun US /ˈɑːrmər/

protective covering made of metal and used in combat

From this reading “At length, however, Perceval was roused to a desire of military renown by seeing in the forest five knights who were in complete armor.”

chase verb US /tʃeɪs/

go after with the intent to catch

From this reading “In the use of this he became so skilful, that he could kill with it not only the animals of the chase for the table, but even birds on the wing.”

chivalry noun US /ˈʃɪvəlri/

courtesy towards women

From this reading “PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.”

renown noun US /rɪˈnaʊn/

the state or quality of being widely honored and acclaimed

From this reading “At length, however, Perceval was roused to a desire of military renown by seeing in the forest five knights who were in complete armor.”

Scots noun US /skɑːts/

the dialect of English used in Scotland

From this reading “He was allowed no weapon but "a lyttel Scots spere," which was the only thing of all "her lordes faire gere" that his mother carried to the wood with her.”

total verb US /ˈtoʊtəl/

add up in number or quantity

From this reading “PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.”

tournaments noun US /ˈtɜːrnəmənts/

plural of “tournament” — a sporting competition in which contestants play a series of games to decide the winner

From this reading “PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.”

wing noun US /wɪŋ/

a movable organ for flying (one of a pair)

From this reading “In the use of this he became so skilful, that he could kill with it not only the animals of the chase for the table, but even birds on the wing.”

All words in this reading · 94

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading He was allowed no weapon but "a lyttel Scots spere," which was the only thing of all "her lordes faire gere" that his mother carried to the wood with her.

allowedverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

past form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading He was allowed no weapon but "a lyttel Scots spere," which was the only thing of all "her lordes faire gere" that his mother carried to the wood with her.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

animalsnounUS /ˈænəməlz/

plural of “animal” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading In the use of this he became so skilful, that he could kill with it not only the animals of the chase for the table, but even birds on the wing.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading He said to his mother, "Mother, what are those yonder?"

armornounUS /ˈɑːrmər/

protective covering made of metal and used in combat

From this reading At length, however, Perceval was roused to a desire of military renown by seeing in the forest five knights who were in complete armor.

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At length, however, Perceval was roused to a desire of military renown by seeing in the forest five knights who were in complete armor.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading In the use of this he became so skilful, that he could kill with it not only the animals of the chase for the table, but even birds on the wing.

birdsnounUS /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading In the use of this he became so skilful, that he could kill with it not only the animals of the chase for the table, but even birds on the wing.

brothersnounUS /ˈbrʌðərz/

plural of “brother” — a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He was allowed no weapon but "a lyttel Scots spere," which was the only thing of all "her lordes faire gere" that his mother carried to the wood with her.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading At length, however, Perceval was roused to a desire of military renown by seeing in the forest five knights who were in complete armor.

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading He was allowed no weapon but "a lyttel Scots spere," which was the only thing of all "her lordes faire gere" that his mother carried to the wood with her.

chaseverbUS /tʃeɪs/

go after with the intent to catch

From this reading In the use of this he became so skilful, that he could kill with it not only the animals of the chase for the table, but even birds on the wing.

chivalrynounUS /ˈʃɪvəlri/

courtesy towards women

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

completeverbUS /kəmˈpliːt/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading At length, however, Perceval was roused to a desire of military renown by seeing in the forest five knights who were in complete armor.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading In the use of this he became so skilful, that he could kill with it not only the animals of the chase for the table, but even birds on the wing.

desirenounUS /dɪˈzaɪər/

the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state

From this reading At length, however, Perceval was roused to a desire of military renown by seeing in the forest five knights who were in complete armor.

eldernounUS /ˈeldər/

a person who is older than you are

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading In the use of this he became so skilful, that he could kill with it not only the animals of the chase for the table, but even birds on the wing.

faire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was allowed no weapon but "a lyttel Scots spere," which was the only thing of all "her lordes faire gere" that his mother carried to the wood with her.

fallenadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlən/

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading At length, however, Perceval was roused to a desire of military renown by seeing in the forest five knights who were in complete armor.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In the use of this he became so skilful, that he could kill with it not only the animals of the chase for the table, but even birds on the wing.

forestnounUS /ˈfɔːrəst/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading At length, however, Perceval was roused to a desire of military renown by seeing in the forest five knights who were in complete armor.

gere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was allowed no weapon but "a lyttel Scots spere," which was the only thing of all "her lordes faire gere" that his mother carried to the wood with her.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

henceadverbUS /hens/

for this reason

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading He was allowed no weapon but "a lyttel Scots spere," which was the only thing of all "her lordes faire gere" that his mother carried to the wood with her.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading At length, however, Perceval was roused to a desire of military renown by seeing in the forest five knights who were in complete armor.

ignorancenounUS /ˈɪɡnərəns/

the lack of knowledge or education

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading In the use of this he became so skilful, that he could kill with it not only the animals of the chase for the table, but even birds on the wing.

killverbUS /kɪl/

cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly

From this reading In the use of this he became so skilful, that he could kill with it not only the animals of the chase for the table, but even birds on the wing.

knightsnounUS /naɪts/

plural of “knight” — originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit

From this reading At length, however, Perceval was roused to a desire of military renown by seeing in the forest five knights who were in complete armor.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

lengthnounUS /leŋkθ/

the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading At length, however, Perceval was roused to a desire of military renown by seeing in the forest five knights who were in complete armor.

lordes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was allowed no weapon but "a lyttel Scots spere," which was the only thing of all "her lordes faire gere" that his mother carried to the wood with her.

lyttel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was allowed no weapon but "a lyttel Scots spere," which was the only thing of all "her lordes faire gere" that his mother carried to the wood with her.

militaryadjectiveUS /ˈmɪləteri/

of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare

From this reading At length, however, Perceval was roused to a desire of military renown by seeing in the forest five knights who were in complete armor.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading He was allowed no weapon but "a lyttel Scots spere," which was the only thing of all "her lordes faire gere" that his mother carried to the wood with her.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading In the use of this he became so skilful, that he could kill with it not only the animals of the chase for the table, but even birds on the wing.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading In the use of this he became so skilful, that he could kill with it not only the animals of the chase for the table, but even birds on the wing.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading He was allowed no weapon but "a lyttel Scots spere," which was the only thing of all "her lordes faire gere" that his mother carried to the wood with her.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

PERCEVAL

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

regionnounUS /ˈriːdʒən/

the extended spatial location of something

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

renownnounUS /rɪˈnaʊn/

the state or quality of being widely honored and acclaimed

From this reading At length, however, Perceval was roused to a desire of military renown by seeing in the forest five knights who were in complete armor.

retiredadjectiveUS /rɪˈtaɪrd/

no longer active in your work or profession

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

rousedverbUS /raʊzd/

past form of “rouse” — become active

From this reading At length, however, Perceval was roused to a desire of military renown by seeing in the forest five knights who were in complete armor.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading He said to his mother, "Mother, what are those yonder?"

ScotsnounUS /skɑːts/

the dialect of English used in Scotland

From this reading He was allowed no weapon but "a lyttel Scots spere," which was the only thing of all "her lordes faire gere" that his mother carried to the wood with her.

seeingnounUS /ˈsiːɪŋ/

perception by means of the eyes

From this reading At length, however, Perceval was roused to a desire of military renown by seeing in the forest five knights who were in complete armor.

skilfuladjective

having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude

From this reading In the use of this he became so skilful, that he could kill with it not only the animals of the chase for the table, but even birds on the wing.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading In the use of this he became so skilful, that he could kill with it not only the animals of the chase for the table, but even birds on the wing.

solitaryadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːləteri/

characterized by or preferring solitude

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

spere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was allowed no weapon but "a lyttel Scots spere," which was the only thing of all "her lordes faire gere" that his mother carried to the wood with her.

tablenounUS /ˈteɪbəl/

a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading In the use of this he became so skilful, that he could kill with it not only the animals of the chase for the table, but even birds on the wing.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He was allowed no weapon but "a lyttel Scots spere," which was the only thing of all "her lordes faire gere" that his mother carried to the wood with her.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading He was allowed no weapon but "a lyttel Scots spere," which was the only thing of all "her lordes faire gere" that his mother carried to the wood with her.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading In the use of this he became so skilful, that he could kill with it not only the animals of the chase for the table, but even birds on the wing.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading He said to his mother, "Mother, what are those yonder?"

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He was allowed no weapon but "a lyttel Scots spere," which was the only thing of all "her lordes faire gere" that his mother carried to the wood with her.

totalverbUS /ˈtoʊtəl/

add up in number or quantity

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

tournamentsnounUS /ˈtɜːrnəmənts/

plural of “tournament” — a sporting competition in which contestants play a series of games to decide the winner

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading In the use of this he became so skilful, that he could kill with it not only the animals of the chase for the table, but even birds on the wing.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

weaponnounUS /ˈwepən/

any instrument or instrumentality used in fighting or hunting

From this reading He was allowed no weapon but "a lyttel Scots spere," which was the only thing of all "her lordes faire gere" that his mother carried to the wood with her.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading At length, however, Perceval was roused to a desire of military renown by seeing in the forest five knights who were in complete armor.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading He said to his mother, "Mother, what are those yonder?"

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He was allowed no weapon but "a lyttel Scots spere," which was the only thing of all "her lordes faire gere" that his mother carried to the wood with her.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading At length, however, Perceval was roused to a desire of military renown by seeing in the forest five knights who were in complete armor.

wingnounUS /wɪŋ/

a movable organ for flying (one of a pair)

From this reading In the use of this he became so skilful, that he could kill with it not only the animals of the chase for the table, but even birds on the wing.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading PERCEVAL The father and two elder brothers of Perceval had fallen in battle or tournaments, and hence, as the last hope of his family, his mother retired with him into a solitary region, where he was brought up in total ignorance of arms and chivalry.

woodnounUS /wʊd/

the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees

From this reading He was allowed no weapon but "a lyttel Scots spere," which was the only thing of all "her lordes faire gere" that his mother carried to the wood with her.

yonderadjectiveUS /ˈjɑːndər/

distant but within sight (“yon” is dialectal)

From this reading He said to his mother, "Mother, what are those yonder?"

Chapter 18 of The Age of Chivalry by Thomas Bulfinch holds 127 sentences, grouped into 26 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of The Age of Chivalry contain?

Chapter 18 holds 127 sentences of The Age of Chivalry, unabridged, divided into 26 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of The Age of Chivalry by Thomas Bulfinch exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 127 sentences, grouped into 26 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of The Age of Chivalry?

Work through the 26 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 26 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Age of Chivalry

Common questions about reading The Age of Chivalry by Thomas Bulfinch on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Age of Chivalry?

Yes. All 4782 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4926 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Age of Chivalry is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4926, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Age of Chivalry take to read?

About 398 minutes of reading across 957 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Age of Chivalry section by section

How to work through The Age of Chivalry section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 36 chapters of The Age of Chivalry to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Age of Chivalry

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Age of Chivalry, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Decline
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Roman
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Power
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Centuries
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.