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The Age of Chivalry
The Age of Chivalry

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of The Age of Chivalry is here in full — 81 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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THE SANGREAL, OR HOLY GRAAL The Sangreal was the cup from which our Saviour drank at his last supper.
He was supposed to have given it to Joseph of Arimathea, who carried it to Europe, together with the spear with which the soldier pierced the Saviour's side.
From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.
For a long time the Sangreal was visible to all pilgrims, and its presence conferred blessings upon the land in which it was preserved.
But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Age of Chivalry

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of The Age of Chivalry is here in full — 81 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/16 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE SANGREAL, OR HOLY GRAAL The Sangreal was the cup from which our Saviour drank at his last supper.
Line 2
He was supposed to have given it to Joseph of Arimathea, who carried it to Europe, together with the spear with which the soldier pierced the Saviour's side.
Line 3
From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.
Line 4
For a long time the Sangreal was visible to all pilgrims, and its presence conferred blessings upon the land in which it was preserved.
Line 5
But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

accidentally adverb US /ˌæksəˈdentəli/

without advance planning

From this reading “But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.”

conferred verb US /kənˈfɜːrd/

inflected form of “confer” — have a conference in order to talk something over

From this reading “For a long time the Sangreal was visible to all pilgrims, and its presence conferred blessings upon the land in which it was preserved.”

descendants noun US /dɪˈsendənts/

all of the offspring of a given progenitor

From this reading “From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.”

guardianship noun US /ˈɡɑːrdiənʃɪp/

attention and management implying responsibility for safety

From this reading “From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.”

loosened adjective US /ˈluːsənd/

straightened out

From this reading “But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.”

pilgrim noun US /ˈpɪlɡrəm/

someone who journeys in foreign lands

From this reading “But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.”

pilgrims noun US /ˈpɪlɡrəmz/

plural of “pilgrim” — someone who journeys in foreign lands

From this reading “For a long time the Sangreal was visible to all pilgrims, and its presence conferred blessings upon the land in which it was preserved.”

relics noun US /ˈrelɪks/

plural of “relic” — an antiquity that has survived from the distant past

From this reading “From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.”

All words in this reading · 97

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.

accidentallyadverbUS /ˌæksəˈdentəli/

without advance planning

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading For a long time the Sangreal was visible to all pilgrims, and its presence conferred blessings upon the land in which it was preserved.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.

Arimathea

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was supposed to have given it to Joseph of Arimathea, who carried it to Europe, together with the spear with which the soldier pierced the Saviour's side.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading THE SANGREAL, OR HOLY GRAAL The Sangreal was the cup from which our Saviour drank at his last supper.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

blessingsnounUS /ˈblesɪŋz/

plural of “blessing” — the formal act of approving

From this reading For a long time the Sangreal was visible to all pilgrims, and its presence conferred blessings upon the land in which it was preserved.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading He was supposed to have given it to Joseph of Arimathea, who carried it to Europe, together with the spear with which the soldier pierced the Saviour's side.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.

conferredverbUS /kənˈfɜːrd/

inflected form of “confer” — have a conference in order to talk something over

From this reading For a long time the Sangreal was visible to all pilgrims, and its presence conferred blessings upon the land in which it was preserved.

cupnounUS /kʌp/

a small open container usually used for drinking; usually has a handle

From this reading THE SANGREAL, OR HOLY GRAAL The Sangreal was the cup from which our Saviour drank at his last supper.

deednounUS /diːd/

a legal document signed and sealed and delivered to effect a transfer of property and to show the legal right to possess it

From this reading From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.

descendantsnounUS /dɪˈsendənts/

all of the offspring of a given progenitor

From this reading From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.

descendedverbUS /dɪˈsendəd/

past form of “descend” — move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

devotedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvoʊtɪd/

zealous in devotion or affection

From this reading From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.

drankverbUS /dræŋk/

inflected form of “drink” — take in liquids

From this reading THE SANGREAL, OR HOLY GRAAL The Sangreal was the cup from which our Saviour drank at his last supper.

EuropenounUS /ˈjʊrəp/

the 2nd smallest continent (actually a vast peninsula of Eurasia); the British use “Europe” to refer to all of the continent except the British Isles

From this reading He was supposed to have given it to Joseph of Arimathea, who carried it to Europe, together with the spear with which the soldier pierced the Saviour's side.

eyenounUS /aɪ/

the organ of sight

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

femaleadjectiveUS /ˈfiːmeɪl/

being the sex (of plant or animal) that produces fertilizable gametes (ova) from which offspring develop

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For a long time the Sangreal was visible to all pilgrims, and its presence conferred blessings upon the land in which it was preserved.

forgotverbUS /fərˈɡɑːt/

inflected form of “forget” — dismiss from the mind; stop remembering

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading THE SANGREAL, OR HOLY GRAAL The Sangreal was the cup from which our Saviour drank at his last supper.

generationnounUS /ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃən/

all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading He was supposed to have given it to Joseph of Arimathea, who carried it to Europe, together with the spear with which the soldier pierced the Saviour's side.

GRAAL

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE SANGREAL, OR HOLY GRAAL The Sangreal was the cup from which our Saviour drank at his last supper.

guardianshipnounUS /ˈɡɑːrdiənʃɪp/

attention and management implying responsibility for safety

From this reading From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading He was supposed to have given it to Joseph of Arimathea, who carried it to Europe, together with the spear with which the soldier pierced the Saviour's side.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was supposed to have given it to Joseph of Arimathea, who carried it to Europe, together with the spear with which the soldier pierced the Saviour's side.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THE SANGREAL, OR HOLY GRAAL The Sangreal was the cup from which our Saviour drank at his last supper.

HOLYnounUS /ˈhoʊli/

a sacred place of pilgrimage

From this reading THE SANGREAL, OR HOLY GRAAL The Sangreal was the cup from which our Saviour drank at his last supper.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He was supposed to have given it to Joseph of Arimathea, who carried it to Europe, together with the spear with which the soldier pierced the Saviour's side.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading For a long time the Sangreal was visible to all pilgrims, and its presence conferred blessings upon the land in which it was preserved.

JosephnounUS /ˈdʒoʊsəf/

leader of the Nez Perce in their retreat from United States troops (1840-1904)

From this reading He was supposed to have given it to Joseph of Arimathea, who carried it to Europe, together with the spear with which the soldier pierced the Saviour's side.

kneltverbUS /nelt/

inflected form of “kneel” — rest one's weight on one's knees

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading For a long time the Sangreal was visible to all pilgrims, and its presence conferred blessings upon the land in which it was preserved.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading THE SANGREAL, OR HOLY GRAAL The Sangreal was the cup from which our Saviour drank at his last supper.

leadingadjectiveUS /ˈliːdɪŋ/

indicating the most important performer or role

From this reading From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.

lengthnounUS /leŋkθ/

the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading For a long time the Sangreal was visible to all pilgrims, and its presence conferred blessings upon the land in which it was preserved.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

loosenedadjectiveUS /ˈluːsənd/

straightened out

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

obligationnounUS /ˌɑːbləˈɡeɪʃən/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He was supposed to have given it to Joseph of Arimathea, who carried it to Europe, together with the spear with which the soldier pierced the Saviour's side.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.

ORconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading THE SANGREAL, OR HOLY GRAAL The Sangreal was the cup from which our Saviour drank at his last supper.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading THE SANGREAL, OR HOLY GRAAL The Sangreal was the cup from which our Saviour drank at his last supper.

piercedadjectiveUS /pɪrst/

having a hole cut through

From this reading He was supposed to have given it to Joseph of Arimathea, who carried it to Europe, together with the spear with which the soldier pierced the Saviour's side.

pilgrimnounUS /ˈpɪlɡrəm/

someone who journeys in foreign lands

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

pilgrimsnounUS /ˈpɪlɡrəmz/

plural of “pilgrim” — someone who journeys in foreign lands

From this reading For a long time the Sangreal was visible to all pilgrims, and its presence conferred blessings upon the land in which it was preserved.

preciousadjectiveUS /ˈpreʃəs/

characterized by feeling or showing fond affection for

From this reading From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.

presencenounUS /ˈprezəns/

the state of being present; current existence

From this reading For a long time the Sangreal was visible to all pilgrims, and its presence conferred blessings upon the land in which it was preserved.

preservedadjectiveUS /prəˈzɜːrvd/

prevented from decaying or spoiling and prepared for future use

From this reading For a long time the Sangreal was visible to all pilgrims, and its presence conferred blessings upon the land in which it was preserved.

puritynounUS /ˈpjʊrəti/

being undiluted or unmixed with extraneous material

From this reading From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.

relicsnounUS /ˈrelɪks/

plural of “relic” — an antiquity that has survived from the distant past

From this reading From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.

robenounUS /roʊb/

any loose flowing garment

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

sacredadjectiveUS /ˈseɪkrəd/

concerned with religion or religious purposes

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

SANGREAL

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE SANGREAL, OR HOLY GRAAL The Sangreal was the cup from which our Saviour drank at his last supper.

Saviournoun

a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)

From this reading THE SANGREAL, OR HOLY GRAAL The Sangreal was the cup from which our Saviour drank at his last supper.

Saviour's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was supposed to have given it to Joseph of Arimathea, who carried it to Europe, together with the spear with which the soldier pierced the Saviour's side.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading He was supposed to have given it to Joseph of Arimathea, who carried it to Europe, together with the spear with which the soldier pierced the Saviour's side.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

soldiernounUS /ˈsoʊldʒər/

an enlisted man or woman who serves in an army

From this reading He was supposed to have given it to Joseph of Arimathea, who carried it to Europe, together with the spear with which the soldier pierced the Saviour's side.

solenounUS /soʊl/

the underside of footwear or a golf club

From this reading From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.

spearnounUS /spɪr/

a long pointed rod used as a tool or weapon

From this reading He was supposed to have given it to Joseph of Arimathea, who carried it to Europe, together with the spear with which the soldier pierced the Saviour's side.

suppernounUS /ˈsʌpər/

a light evening meal; served in early evening if dinner is at midday or served late in the evening at bedtime

From this reading THE SANGREAL, OR HOLY GRAAL The Sangreal was the cup from which our Saviour drank at his last supper.

supposedadjectiveUS /səˈpoʊzd/

required or under orders

From this reading He was supposed to have given it to Joseph of Arimathea, who carried it to Europe, together with the spear with which the soldier pierced the Saviour's side.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE SANGREAL, OR HOLY GRAAL The Sangreal was the cup from which our Saviour drank at his last supper.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading For a long time the Sangreal was visible to all pilgrims, and its presence conferred blessings upon the land in which it was preserved.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He was supposed to have given it to Joseph of Arimathea, who carried it to Europe, together with the spear with which the soldier pierced the Saviour's side.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading He was supposed to have given it to Joseph of Arimathea, who carried it to Europe, together with the spear with which the soldier pierced the Saviour's side.

unhallowedadjective

not hallowed or consecrated

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading For a long time the Sangreal was visible to all pilgrims, and its presence conferred blessings upon the land in which it was preserved.

visibleadjectiveUS /ˈvɪzəbəl/

capable of being seen; or open to easy view

From this reading For a long time the Sangreal was visible to all pilgrims, and its presence conferred blessings upon the land in which it was preserved.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE SANGREAL, OR HOLY GRAAL The Sangreal was the cup from which our Saviour drank at his last supper.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading THE SANGREAL, OR HOLY GRAAL The Sangreal was the cup from which our Saviour drank at his last supper.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading He was supposed to have given it to Joseph of Arimathea, who carried it to Europe, together with the spear with which the soldier pierced the Saviour's side.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He was supposed to have given it to Joseph of Arimathea, who carried it to Europe, together with the spear with which the soldier pierced the Saviour's side.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading From generation to generation, one of the descendants of Joseph of Arimathea had been devoted to the guardianship of these precious relics; but on the sole condition of leading a life of purity in thought, word, and deed.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading But at length one of those holy men to whom its guardianship had descended so far forgot the obligation of his sacred office as to look with unhallowed eye upon a young female pilgrim whose robe was accidentally loosened as she knelt before him.

Chapter 19 of The Age of Chivalry by Thomas Bulfinch holds 81 sentences, grouped into 17 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of The Age of Chivalry contain?

Chapter 19 holds 81 sentences of The Age of Chivalry, unabridged, divided into 17 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of The Age of Chivalry by Thomas Bulfinch exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 81 sentences, grouped into 17 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of The Age of Chivalry?

Work through the 17 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 17 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Age of Chivalry

Common questions about reading The Age of Chivalry by Thomas Bulfinch on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Age of Chivalry?

Yes. All 4782 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4926 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Age of Chivalry is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4926, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Age of Chivalry take to read?

About 398 minutes of reading across 957 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Age of Chivalry section by section

How to work through The Age of Chivalry section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 36 chapters of The Age of Chivalry to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Age of Chivalry

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Age of Chivalry, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Decline
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Roman
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Power
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Centuries
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.