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The Age of Chivalry
The Age of Chivalry

Chapter XXIII · Chapter 23

Chapter 23 of The Age of Chivalry is here in full — 203 sentences across 41 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.
So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.
And Sir Modred went and laid siege about the Tower of London, and made great assaults thereat, but all might not avail him.
Then came word to Sir Modred that King Arthur had raised the siege of Sir Launcelot, and was coming home.
Then Sir Modred summoned all the barony of the land; and much people drew unto Sir Modred, and said they would abide with him for better and for worse; and he drew a great host to Dover, for there he heard say that King Arthur would arrive.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Age of Chivalry

Chapter XXIII · Chapter 23

Chapter 23 of The Age of Chivalry is here in full — 203 sentences across 41 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/40 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.
Line 2
So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.
Line 3
And Sir Modred went and laid siege about the Tower of London, and made great assaults thereat, but all might not avail him.
Line 4
Then came word to Sir Modred that King Arthur had raised the siege of Sir Launcelot, and was coming home.
Line 5
Then Sir Modred summoned all the barony of the land; and much people drew unto Sir Modred, and said they would abide with him for better and for worse; and he drew a great host to Dover, for there he heard say that King Arthur would arrive.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

abide verb US /əˈbaɪd/

dwell

From this reading “Then Sir Modred summoned all the barony of the land; and much people drew unto Sir Modred, and said they would abide with him for better and for worse; and he drew a great host to Dover, for there he heard say that King Arthur would arrive.”

assaults noun US /əˈsɔːlts/

plural of “assault” — close fighting during the culmination of a military attack

From this reading “And Sir Modred went and laid siege about the Tower of London, and made great assaults thereat, but all might not avail him.”

avail verb US /əˈveɪl/

use to one's advantage

From this reading “And Sir Modred went and laid siege about the Tower of London, and made great assaults thereat, but all might not avail him.”

crowned adjective US /kraʊnd/

having an (artificial) crown on a tooth

From this reading “So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.”

Dover noun US /ˈdoʊvər/

the capital of the state of Delaware

From this reading “Then Sir Modred summoned all the barony of the land; and much people drew unto Sir Modred, and said they would abide with him for better and for worse; and he drew a great host to Dover, for there he heard say that King Arthur would arrive.”

ruler noun US /ˈruːlər/

a person who rules or commands

From this reading “MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.”

siege noun US /siːdʒ/

the action of an armed force that surrounds a fortified place and isolates it while continuing to attack

From this reading “And Sir Modred went and laid siege about the Tower of London, and made great assaults thereat, but all might not avail him.”

wed verb US /wed/

take in marriage

From this reading “So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.”

All words in this reading · 88

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.

abideverbUS /əˈbaɪd/

dwell

From this reading Then Sir Modred summoned all the barony of the land; and much people drew unto Sir Modred, and said they would abide with him for better and for worse; and he drew a great host to Dover, for there he heard say that King Arthur would arrive.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading And Sir Modred went and laid siege about the Tower of London, and made great assaults thereat, but all might not avail him.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

arriveverbUS /ərˈaɪv/

reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading Then Sir Modred summoned all the barony of the land; and much people drew unto Sir Modred, and said they would abide with him for better and for worse; and he drew a great host to Dover, for there he heard say that King Arthur would arrive.

ArthurnounUS /ˈɑːrθər/

elected vice president and became 21st President of the United States when Garfield was assassinated (1830-1886)

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

assaultsnounUS /əˈsɔːlts/

plural of “assault” — close fighting during the culmination of a military attack

From this reading And Sir Modred went and laid siege about the Tower of London, and made great assaults thereat, but all might not avail him.

availverbUS /əˈveɪl/

use to one's advantage

From this reading And Sir Modred went and laid siege about the Tower of London, and made great assaults thereat, but all might not avail him.

baronynoun

the estate of a baron

From this reading Then Sir Modred summoned all the barony of the land; and much people drew unto Sir Modred, and said they would abide with him for better and for worse; and he drew a great host to Dover, for there he heard say that King Arthur would arrive.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading Then Sir Modred summoned all the barony of the land; and much people drew unto Sir Modred, and said they would abide with him for better and for worse; and he drew a great host to Dover, for there he heard say that King Arthur would arrive.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Then came word to Sir Modred that King Arthur had raised the siege of Sir Launcelot, and was coming home.

causedverbUS /kɑːzd/

past form of “cause” — give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading Then came word to Sir Modred that King Arthur had raised the siege of Sir Launcelot, and was coming home.

crownedadjectiveUS /kraʊnd/

having an (artificial) crown on a tooth

From this reading So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.

D'ARTHUR

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

DovernounUS /ˈdoʊvər/

the capital of the state of Delaware

From this reading Then Sir Modred summoned all the barony of the land; and much people drew unto Sir Modred, and said they would abide with him for better and for worse; and he drew a great host to Dover, for there he heard say that King Arthur would arrive.

drewnounUS /druː/

United States actor (born in Ireland); father of Georgiana Emma Barrymore (1827-1862)

From this reading Then Sir Modred summoned all the barony of the land; and much people drew unto Sir Modred, and said they would abide with him for better and for worse; and he drew a great host to Dover, for there he heard say that King Arthur would arrive.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

escapedadjectiveUS /ɪˈskeɪpt/

having escaped, especially from confinement

From this reading So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Then Sir Modred summoned all the barony of the land; and much people drew unto Sir Modred, and said they would abide with him for better and for worse; and he drew a great host to Dover, for there he heard say that King Arthur would arrive.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading And Sir Modred went and laid siege about the Tower of London, and made great assaults thereat, but all might not avail him.

Guenever

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Then came word to Sir Modred that King Arthur had raised the siege of Sir Launcelot, and was coming home.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading Then Sir Modred summoned all the barony of the land; and much people drew unto Sir Modred, and said they would abide with him for better and for worse; and he drew a great host to Dover, for there he heard say that King Arthur would arrive.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading Then came word to Sir Modred that King Arthur had raised the siege of Sir Launcelot, and was coming home.

hostnounUS /hoʊst/

a person who invites guests to a social event (such as a party in his or her own home) and who is responsible for them while they are there

From this reading Then Sir Modred summoned all the barony of the land; and much people drew unto Sir Modred, and said they would abide with him for better and for worse; and he drew a great host to Dover, for there he heard say that King Arthur would arrive.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

laidadjectiveUS /leɪd/

set down according to a plan

From this reading And Sir Modred went and laid siege about the Tower of London, and made great assaults thereat, but all might not avail him.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading Then Sir Modred summoned all the barony of the land; and much people drew unto Sir Modred, and said they would abide with him for better and for worse; and he drew a great host to Dover, for there he heard say that King Arthur would arrive.

Launcelot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then came word to Sir Modred that King Arthur had raised the siege of Sir Launcelot, and was coming home.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading And Sir Modred went and laid siege about the Tower of London, and made great assaults thereat, but all might not avail him.

Modred

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

MORTE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Then Sir Modred summoned all the barony of the land; and much people drew unto Sir Modred, and said they would abide with him for better and for worse; and he drew a great host to Dover, for there he heard say that King Arthur would arrive.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading And Sir Modred went and laid siege about the Tower of London, and made great assaults thereat, but all might not avail him.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

ParliamentnounUS /ˈpɑːrləmənt/

a legislative assembly in certain countries

From this reading So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading Then Sir Modred summoned all the barony of the land; and much people drew unto Sir Modred, and said they would abide with him for better and for worse; and he drew a great host to Dover, for there he heard say that King Arthur would arrive.

plainlyadverbUS /ˈpleɪnli/

unmistakably (“plain” is often used informally for “plainly”)

From this reading So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.

queennounUS /kwiːn/

the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs

From this reading So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.

raisedadjectiveUS /reɪzd/

located or moved above the surround or above the normal position

From this reading Then came word to Sir Modred that King Arthur had raised the siege of Sir Launcelot, and was coming home.

refugenounUS /ˈrefjuːdʒ/

a safe place

From this reading So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.

rulernounUS /ˈruːlər/

a person who rules or commands

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading Then Sir Modred summoned all the barony of the land; and much people drew unto Sir Modred, and said they would abide with him for better and for worse; and he drew a great host to Dover, for there he heard say that King Arthur would arrive.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.

siegenounUS /siːdʒ/

the action of an armed force that surrounds a fortified place and isolates it while continuing to attack

From this reading And Sir Modred went and laid siege about the Tower of London, and made great assaults thereat, but all might not avail him.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

slainnounUS /sleɪn/

people who have been slain (as in battle)

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.

summonedverbUS /ˈsʌmənd/

past form of “summon” — call in an official matter, such as to attend court

From this reading Then Sir Modred summoned all the barony of the land; and much people drew unto Sir Modred, and said they would abide with him for better and for worse; and he drew a great host to Dover, for there he heard say that King Arthur would arrive.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then came word to Sir Modred that King Arthur had raised the siege of Sir Launcelot, and was coming home.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Then Sir Modred summoned all the barony of the land; and much people drew unto Sir Modred, and said they would abide with him for better and for worse; and he drew a great host to Dover, for there he heard say that King Arthur would arrive.

thereat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And Sir Modred went and laid siege about the Tower of London, and made great assaults thereat, but all might not avail him.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Then Sir Modred summoned all the barony of the land; and much people drew unto Sir Modred, and said they would abide with him for better and for worse; and he drew a great host to Dover, for there he heard say that King Arthur would arrive.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.

TowernounUS /ˈtaʊər/

a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.

untoprepositionUS /ˈʌntuː/

an old word for “to”

From this reading Then Sir Modred summoned all the barony of the land; and much people drew unto Sir Modred, and said they would abide with him for better and for worse; and he drew a great host to Dover, for there he heard say that King Arthur would arrive.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

wedverbUS /wed/

take in marriage

From this reading So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading And Sir Modred went and laid siege about the Tower of London, and made great assaults thereat, but all might not avail him.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Then Sir Modred summoned all the barony of the land; and much people drew unto Sir Modred, and said they would abide with him for better and for worse; and he drew a great host to Dover, for there he heard say that King Arthur would arrive.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading Then came word to Sir Modred that King Arthur had raised the siege of Sir Launcelot, and was coming home.

worseadjectiveUS /wɜːrs/

(comparative of “bad”) inferior to another in quality or condition or desirability

From this reading Then Sir Modred summoned all the barony of the land; and much people drew unto Sir Modred, and said they would abide with him for better and for worse; and he drew a great host to Dover, for there he heard say that King Arthur would arrive.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading So he called a Parliament, and made himself be crowned king; and he took the queen Guenever, and said plainly that he would wed her, but she escaped from him and took refuge in the Tower of London.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading MORTE D'ARTHUR Sir Modred was left ruler of all England, and he caused letters to be written, as if from beyond sea, that King Arthur was slain in battle.

Chapter 23 of The Age of Chivalry by Thomas Bulfinch holds 203 sentences, grouped into 41 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 23 of The Age of Chivalry contain?

Chapter 23 holds 203 sentences of The Age of Chivalry, unabridged, divided into 41 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 23 of The Age of Chivalry by Thomas Bulfinch exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 203 sentences, grouped into 41 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 23 of The Age of Chivalry?

Work through the 41 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 41 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 23 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 23 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Age of Chivalry

Common questions about reading The Age of Chivalry by Thomas Bulfinch on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Age of Chivalry?

Yes. All 4782 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4926 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Age of Chivalry is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4926, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Age of Chivalry take to read?

About 398 minutes of reading across 957 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Age of Chivalry section by section

How to work through The Age of Chivalry section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 36 chapters of The Age of Chivalry to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Age of Chivalry

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Age of Chivalry, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Decline
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Roman
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Power
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Centuries
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.