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The Age of Chivalry
The Age of Chivalry

Chapter XXXII · Chapter 32

Chapter 32 of The Age of Chivalry is here in full — 162 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
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BRANWEN, THE DAUGHTER OF LLYR Bendigeid Vran, the son of Llyr, was the crowned king of this island, and he was exalted from the crown of London.
And one afternoon he was at Harlech, in Ardudwy, at his court; and he sat upon the rock of Harlech, looking over the sea.
And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.
His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.
And as they sat thus they beheld thirteen ships coming from the south of Ireland, and making towards them; and they came with a swift motion, the wind being behind them; and they neared them rapidly.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Age of Chivalry

Chapter XXXII · Chapter 32

Chapter 32 of The Age of Chivalry is here in full — 162 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
BRANWEN, THE DAUGHTER OF LLYR Bendigeid Vran, the son of Llyr, was the crowned king of this island, and he was exalted from the crown of London.
Line 2
And one afternoon he was at Harlech, in Ardudwy, at his court; and he sat upon the rock of Harlech, looking over the sea.
Line 3
And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.
Line 4
His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.
Line 5
And as they sat thus they beheld thirteen ships coming from the south of Ireland, and making towards them; and they came with a swift motion, the wind being behind them; and they neared them rapidly.
/ənd æz ðeɪ sæt ðʌs ðeɪ biˈheld ˈθɜːrˈtiːn ʃɪps ˈkʌmɪŋ frʌm ðə saʊθ ʌv ˈaɪərlənd ənd ˈmeɪkɪŋ təˈwɔːrdz ðem ənd ðeɪ keɪm wɪð ə swɪft ˈmoʊʃən ðə waɪnd ˈbiːɪŋ bɪˈhaɪnd ðem ənd ðeɪ nɪrd ðem ˈræpədli/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

exalted adjective US /ɪɡˈzɔːltɪd/

of high moral or intellectual value; elevated in nature or style

From this reading “BRANWEN, THE DAUGHTER OF LLYR Bendigeid Vran, the son of Llyr, was the crowned king of this island, and he was exalted from the crown of London.”

fitting adjective US /ˈfɪtɪŋ/

in harmony with the spirit of particular persons or occasion

From this reading “And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.”

kindred adjective US /ˈkɪndrɪd/

similar in quality or character

From this reading “His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.”

neared verb US /nɪrd/

past form of “near” — move towards

From this reading “And as they sat thus they beheld thirteen ships coming from the south of Ireland, and making towards them; and they came with a swift motion, the wind being behind them; and they neared them rapidly.”

nobles noun US /ˈnoʊbəlz/

plural of “noble” — a titled peer of the realm

From this reading “And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.”

strife noun US /straɪf/

lack of agreement or harmony

From this reading “His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.”

thirteen noun US /ˈθɜːrˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of twelve and one

From this reading “And as they sat thus they beheld thirteen ships coming from the south of Ireland, and making towards them; and they came with a swift motion, the wind being behind them; and they neared them rapidly.”

youths noun US /juːðz/

plural of “youth” — a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading “His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.”

All words in this reading · 98

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.

afternoonnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading And one afternoon he was at Harlech, in Ardudwy, at his court; and he sat upon the rock of Harlech, looking over the sea.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading BRANWEN, THE DAUGHTER OF LLYR Bendigeid Vran, the son of Llyr, was the crowned king of this island, and he was exalted from the crown of London.

Ardudwy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And one afternoon he was at Harlech, in Ardudwy, at his court; and he sat upon the rock of Harlech, looking over the sea.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading And one afternoon he was at Harlech, in Ardudwy, at his court; and he sat upon the rock of Harlech, looking over the sea.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

beheldverbUS /biˈheld/

inflected form of “behold” — see with attention

From this reading And as they sat thus they beheld thirteen ships coming from the south of Ireland, and making towards them; and they came with a swift motion, the wind being behind them; and they neared them rapidly.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading And as they sat thus they beheld thirteen ships coming from the south of Ireland, and making towards them; and they came with a swift motion, the wind being behind them; and they neared them rapidly.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading And as they sat thus they beheld thirteen ships coming from the south of Ireland, and making towards them; and they came with a swift motion, the wind being behind them; and they neared them rapidly.

Bendigeid

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BRANWEN, THE DAUGHTER OF LLYR Bendigeid Vran, the son of Llyr, was the crowned king of this island, and he was exalted from the crown of London.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

BRANWEN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BRANWEN, THE DAUGHTER OF LLYR Bendigeid Vran, the son of Llyr, was the crowned king of this island, and he was exalted from the crown of London.

brothernounUS /ˈbrʌðər/

a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.

brothersnounUS /ˈbrʌðərz/

plural of “brother” — a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading And as they sat thus they beheld thirteen ships coming from the south of Ireland, and making towards them; and they came with a swift motion, the wind being behind them; and they neared them rapidly.

causenounUS /kɑːz/

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading And as they sat thus they beheld thirteen ships coming from the south of Ireland, and making towards them; and they came with a swift motion, the wind being behind them; and they neared them rapidly.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading And one afternoon he was at Harlech, in Ardudwy, at his court; and he sat upon the rock of Harlech, looking over the sea.

crownnounUS /kraʊn/

the Crown (or the reigning monarch) as the symbol of the power and authority of a monarchy

From this reading BRANWEN, THE DAUGHTER OF LLYR Bendigeid Vran, the son of Llyr, was the crowned king of this island, and he was exalted from the crown of London.

crownedadjectiveUS /kraʊnd/

having an (artificial) crown on a tooth

From this reading BRANWEN, THE DAUGHTER OF LLYR Bendigeid Vran, the son of Llyr, was the crowned king of this island, and he was exalted from the crown of London.

DAUGHTERnounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading BRANWEN, THE DAUGHTER OF LLYR Bendigeid Vran, the son of Llyr, was the crowned king of this island, and he was exalted from the crown of London.

Euroswydd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

Evnissyen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.

exaltedadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzɔːltɪd/

of high moral or intellectual value; elevated in nature or style

From this reading BRANWEN, THE DAUGHTER OF LLYR Bendigeid Vran, the son of Llyr, was the crowned king of this island, and he was exalted from the crown of London.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

fittingadjectiveUS /ˈfɪtɪŋ/

in harmony with the spirit of particular persons or occasion

From this reading And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading BRANWEN, THE DAUGHTER OF LLYR Bendigeid Vran, the son of Llyr, was the crowned king of this island, and he was exalted from the crown of London.

gentleadjectiveUS /ˈdʒentəl/

soft and mild; not harsh or stern or severe

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

Harlech

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And one afternoon he was at Harlech, in Ardudwy, at his court; and he sat upon the rock of Harlech, looking over the sea.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading BRANWEN, THE DAUGHTER OF LLYR Bendigeid Vran, the son of Llyr, was the crowned king of this island, and he was exalted from the crown of London.

highestadjectiveUS /ˈhaɪəst/

superlative of “high” — greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading And one afternoon he was at Harlech, in Ardudwy, at his court; and he sat upon the rock of Harlech, looking over the sea.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading And one afternoon he was at Harlech, in Ardudwy, at his court; and he sat upon the rock of Harlech, looking over the sea.

IrelandnounUS /ˈaɪərlənd/

a republic consisting of 26 of 32 counties comprising the island of Ireland; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1921

From this reading And as they sat thus they beheld thirteen ships coming from the south of Ireland, and making towards them; and they came with a swift motion, the wind being behind them; and they neared them rapidly.

islandnounUS /ˈaɪlənd/

a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water

From this reading BRANWEN, THE DAUGHTER OF LLYR Bendigeid Vran, the son of Llyr, was the crowned king of this island, and he was exalted from the crown of London.

kindredadjectiveUS /ˈkɪndrɪd/

similar in quality or character

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

kingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading BRANWEN, THE DAUGHTER OF LLYR Bendigeid Vran, the son of Llyr, was the crowned king of this island, and he was exalted from the crown of London.

likewiseadverbUS /ˈlaɪkwaɪz/

in like or similar manner

From this reading And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.

LLYRnoun

Celtic deity who was the father of Manawydan; corresponds to Irish Lir

From this reading BRANWEN, THE DAUGHTER OF LLYR Bendigeid Vran, the son of Llyr, was the crowned king of this island, and he was exalted from the crown of London.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading BRANWEN, THE DAUGHTER OF LLYR Bendigeid Vran, the son of Llyr, was the crowned king of this island, and he was exalted from the crown of London.

lookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading And one afternoon he was at Harlech, in Ardudwy, at his court; and he sat upon the rock of Harlech, looking over the sea.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading And as they sat thus they beheld thirteen ships coming from the south of Ireland, and making towards them; and they came with a swift motion, the wind being behind them; and they neared them rapidly.

Manawyddannoun

Celtic sea god; son of Llyr

From this reading And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

mother'snounUS /ˈmʌðərz/

possessive form of “mother” — a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.

motionnounUS /ˈmoʊʃən/

the use of movements (especially of the hands) to communicate familiar or prearranged signals

From this reading And as they sat thus they beheld thirteen ships coming from the south of Ireland, and making towards them; and they came with a swift motion, the wind being behind them; and they neared them rapidly.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

nearedverbUS /nɪrd/

past form of “near” — move towards

From this reading And as they sat thus they beheld thirteen ships coming from the south of Ireland, and making towards them; and they came with a swift motion, the wind being behind them; and they neared them rapidly.

Nissyen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.

noblesnounUS /ˈnoʊbəlz/

plural of “noble” — a titled peer of the realm

From this reading And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading BRANWEN, THE DAUGHTER OF LLYR Bendigeid Vran, the son of Llyr, was the crowned king of this island, and he was exalted from the crown of London.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading And one afternoon he was at Harlech, in Ardudwy, at his court; and he sat upon the rock of Harlech, looking over the sea.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading And one afternoon he was at Harlech, in Ardudwy, at his court; and he sat upon the rock of Harlech, looking over the sea.

peacenounUS /piːs/

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

rapidlyadverbUS /ˈræpədli/

with speed

From this reading And as they sat thus they beheld thirteen ships coming from the south of Ireland, and making towards them; and they came with a swift motion, the wind being behind them; and they neared them rapidly.

rocknounUS /rɑːk/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading And one afternoon he was at Harlech, in Ardudwy, at his court; and he sat upon the rock of Harlech, looking over the sea.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading And one afternoon he was at Harlech, in Ardudwy, at his court; and he sat upon the rock of Harlech, looking over the sea.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading And one afternoon he was at Harlech, in Ardudwy, at his court; and he sat upon the rock of Harlech, looking over the sea.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.

shipsnounUS /ʃɪps/

plural of “ship” — a vessel that carries passengers or freight

From this reading And as they sat thus they beheld thirteen ships coming from the south of Ireland, and making towards them; and they came with a swift motion, the wind being behind them; and they neared them rapidly.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading BRANWEN, THE DAUGHTER OF LLYR Bendigeid Vran, the son of Llyr, was the crowned king of this island, and he was exalted from the crown of London.

sonsnounUS /sʌnz/

plural of “son” — a male human offspring

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

southnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading And as they sat thus they beheld thirteen ships coming from the south of Ireland, and making towards them; and they came with a swift motion, the wind being behind them; and they neared them rapidly.

strifenounUS /straɪf/

lack of agreement or harmony

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

swiftadjectiveUS /swɪft/

moving very fast

From this reading And as they sat thus they beheld thirteen ships coming from the south of Ireland, and making towards them; and they came with a swift motion, the wind being behind them; and they neared them rapidly.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading BRANWEN, THE DAUGHTER OF LLYR Bendigeid Vran, the son of Llyr, was the crowned king of this island, and he was exalted from the crown of London.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading And as they sat thus they beheld thirteen ships coming from the south of Ireland, and making towards them; and they came with a swift motion, the wind being behind them; and they neared them rapidly.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

thirteennounUS /ˈθɜːrˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of twelve and one

From this reading And as they sat thus they beheld thirteen ships coming from the south of Ireland, and making towards them; and they came with a swift motion, the wind being behind them; and they neared them rapidly.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading BRANWEN, THE DAUGHTER OF LLYR Bendigeid Vran, the son of Llyr, was the crowned king of this island, and he was exalted from the crown of London.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading And as they sat thus they beheld thirteen ships coming from the south of Ireland, and making towards them; and they came with a swift motion, the wind being behind them; and they neared them rapidly.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading And as they sat thus they beheld thirteen ships coming from the south of Ireland, and making towards them; and they came with a swift motion, the wind being behind them; and they neared them rapidly.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading And one afternoon he was at Harlech, in Ardudwy, at his court; and he sat upon the rock of Harlech, looking over the sea.

Vran

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BRANWEN, THE DAUGHTER OF LLYR Bendigeid Vran, the son of Llyr, was the crowned king of this island, and he was exalted from the crown of London.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading BRANWEN, THE DAUGHTER OF LLYR Bendigeid Vran, the son of Llyr, was the crowned king of this island, and he was exalted from the crown of London.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading And as they sat thus they beheld thirteen ships coming from the south of Ireland, and making towards them; and they came with a swift motion, the wind being behind them; and they neared them rapidly.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading And with him were his brother, Manawyddan, the son of Llyr, and his brothers by the mother's side, Nissyen and Evnissyen, and many nobles likewise, as was fitting to see around a king.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

wrathnounUS /ræθ/

intense anger (usually on an epic scale)

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

youthnounUS /juːθ/

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

youthsnounUS /juːðz/

plural of “youth” — a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading His two brothers by the mother's side were the sons of Euroswydd, and one of these youths was a good youth, and of gentle nature, and would make peace between his kindred, and cause his family to be friends when their wrath was at the highest, and this one was Nissyen; but the other would cause strife between his two brothers when they were most at peace.

Chapter 32 of The Age of Chivalry by Thomas Bulfinch holds 162 sentences, grouped into 33 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 32 of The Age of Chivalry contain?

Chapter 32 holds 162 sentences of The Age of Chivalry, unabridged, divided into 33 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 32 of The Age of Chivalry by Thomas Bulfinch exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 162 sentences, grouped into 33 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 32 of The Age of Chivalry?

Work through the 33 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 33 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 32 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 32 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Age of Chivalry

Common questions about reading The Age of Chivalry by Thomas Bulfinch on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Age of Chivalry?

Yes. All 4782 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4926 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Age of Chivalry is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4926, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Age of Chivalry take to read?

About 398 minutes of reading across 957 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Age of Chivalry

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Age of Chivalry, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Decline
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Roman
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Power
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Centuries
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Age of Chivalry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.