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The American Senator
The American Senator

Chapter XXXV · Chapter 35

Chapter 35 of The American Senator is here in full — 281 sentences across 57 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/56 · 5 lines
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SCROBBY'S TRIAL.
Rufford was a good deal moved as to the trial of Mr. Scrobby.
Mr. Scrobby was a man who not long since had held his head up in Rufford and had the reputation of a well-to-do tradesman.
Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.
He had then taken a house with a few acres of land, lying between Rufford and Rufford Hall,--the property of Lord Rufford, and had commenced genteel life.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The American Senator

Chapter XXXV · Chapter 35

Chapter 35 of The American Senator is here in full — 281 sentences across 57 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/56 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SCROBBY'S TRIAL.
Line 2
Rufford was a good deal moved as to the trial of Mr. Scrobby.
Line 3
Mr. Scrobby was a man who not long since had held his head up in Rufford and had the reputation of a well-to-do tradesman.
Line 4
Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.
/ˈenəmiz hæd pərˈhæps ˈdaʊtɪd hɪz ˈproʊbəti bʌt hiː hæd ɡɔːn ɑːn ənd ˈprɑːspərd ənd tuː ɔːr θriː jɪrz bɪˈfɔːr ðə ɪˈvents wɪtʃ ɑːr naʊ ˈkrɑːnɪkəld hæd rɪˈtaɪrd ɑːn ə ˈkɑːmpətɪns/
Line 5
He had then taken a house with a few acres of land, lying between Rufford and Rufford Hall,--the property of Lord Rufford, and had commenced genteel life.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

acres noun US /ˈeɪkərz/

extensive landed property (especially in the country) retained by the owner for his own use

From this reading “He had then taken a house with a few acres of land, lying between Rufford and Rufford Hall,--the property of Lord Rufford, and had commenced genteel life.”

chronicled verb US /ˈkrɑːnɪkəld/

past form of “chronicle” — record in chronological order; make a historical record

From this reading “Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.”

commenced verb US /kəˈmenst/

past form of “commence” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading “He had then taken a house with a few acres of land, lying between Rufford and Rufford Hall,--the property of Lord Rufford, and had commenced genteel life.”

competence noun US /ˈkɑːmpətɪns/

the quality of being adequately or well qualified physically and intellectually

From this reading “Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.”

doubted verb US /ˈdaʊtɪd/

past form of “doubt” — consider unlikely or have doubts about

From this reading “Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.”

genteel adjective US /dʒenˈtiːl/

marked by refinement in taste and manners

From this reading “He had then taken a house with a few acres of land, lying between Rufford and Rufford Hall,--the property of Lord Rufford, and had commenced genteel life.”

probity noun US /ˈproʊbəti/

complete and confirmed integrity; having strong moral principles

From this reading “Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.”

prospered verb US /ˈprɑːspərd/

past form of “prosper” — make steady progress; be at the high point in one's career or reach a high point in historical significance or importance

From this reading “Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Rufford was a good deal moved as to the trial of Mr. Scrobby.

acresnounUS /ˈeɪkərz/

extensive landed property (especially in the country) retained by the owner for his own use

From this reading He had then taken a house with a few acres of land, lying between Rufford and Rufford Hall,--the property of Lord Rufford, and had commenced genteel life.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Mr. Scrobby was a man who not long since had held his head up in Rufford and had the reputation of a well-to-do tradesman.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Rufford was a good deal moved as to the trial of Mr. Scrobby.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading He had then taken a house with a few acres of land, lying between Rufford and Rufford Hall,--the property of Lord Rufford, and had commenced genteel life.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.

chronicledverbUS /ˈkrɑːnɪkəld/

past form of “chronicle” — record in chronological order; make a historical record

From this reading Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.

commencedverbUS /kəˈmenst/

past form of “commence” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading He had then taken a house with a few acres of land, lying between Rufford and Rufford Hall,--the property of Lord Rufford, and had commenced genteel life.

competencenounUS /ˈkɑːmpətɪns/

the quality of being adequately or well qualified physically and intellectually

From this reading Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.

dealverbUS /diːl/

act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading Rufford was a good deal moved as to the trial of Mr. Scrobby.

doubtedverbUS /ˈdaʊtɪd/

past form of “doubt” — consider unlikely or have doubts about

From this reading Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.

EnemiesnounUS /ˈenəmiz/

plural of “enemy” — an opposing military force

From this reading Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading He had then taken a house with a few acres of land, lying between Rufford and Rufford Hall,--the property of Lord Rufford, and had commenced genteel life.

genteeladjectiveUS /dʒenˈtiːl/

marked by refinement in taste and manners

From this reading He had then taken a house with a few acres of land, lying between Rufford and Rufford Hall,--the property of Lord Rufford, and had commenced genteel life.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Rufford was a good deal moved as to the trial of Mr. Scrobby.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Mr. Scrobby was a man who not long since had held his head up in Rufford and had the reputation of a well-to-do tradesman.

HallnounUS /hɔːl/

an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open

From this reading He had then taken a house with a few acres of land, lying between Rufford and Rufford Hall,--the property of Lord Rufford, and had commenced genteel life.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Mr. Scrobby was a man who not long since had held his head up in Rufford and had the reputation of a well-to-do tradesman.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading Mr. Scrobby was a man who not long since had held his head up in Rufford and had the reputation of a well-to-do tradesman.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Mr. Scrobby was a man who not long since had held his head up in Rufford and had the reputation of a well-to-do tradesman.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading He had then taken a house with a few acres of land, lying between Rufford and Rufford Hall,--the property of Lord Rufford, and had commenced genteel life.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Mr. Scrobby was a man who not long since had held his head up in Rufford and had the reputation of a well-to-do tradesman.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading He had then taken a house with a few acres of land, lying between Rufford and Rufford Hall,--the property of Lord Rufford, and had commenced genteel life.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading He had then taken a house with a few acres of land, lying between Rufford and Rufford Hall,--the property of Lord Rufford, and had commenced genteel life.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Mr. Scrobby was a man who not long since had held his head up in Rufford and had the reputation of a well-to-do tradesman.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading He had then taken a house with a few acres of land, lying between Rufford and Rufford Hall,--the property of Lord Rufford, and had commenced genteel life.

lyingnounUS /ˈlaɪɪŋ/

the deliberate act of deviating from the truth

From this reading He had then taken a house with a few acres of land, lying between Rufford and Rufford Hall,--the property of Lord Rufford, and had commenced genteel life.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Mr. Scrobby was a man who not long since had held his head up in Rufford and had the reputation of a well-to-do tradesman.

movedadjectiveUS /muːvd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading Rufford was a good deal moved as to the trial of Mr. Scrobby.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Rufford was a good deal moved as to the trial of Mr. Scrobby.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Mr. Scrobby was a man who not long since had held his head up in Rufford and had the reputation of a well-to-do tradesman.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Rufford was a good deal moved as to the trial of Mr. Scrobby.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.

probitynounUS /ˈproʊbəti/

complete and confirmed integrity; having strong moral principles

From this reading Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.

propertynounUS /ˈprɑːpərti/

something owned; any tangible or intangible possession that is owned by someone

From this reading He had then taken a house with a few acres of land, lying between Rufford and Rufford Hall,--the property of Lord Rufford, and had commenced genteel life.

prosperedverbUS /ˈprɑːspərd/

past form of “prosper” — make steady progress; be at the high point in one's career or reach a high point in historical significance or importance

From this reading Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.

reputationnounUS /ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən/

the state of being held in high esteem and honor

From this reading Mr. Scrobby was a man who not long since had held his head up in Rufford and had the reputation of a well-to-do tradesman.

retiredadjectiveUS /rɪˈtaɪrd/

no longer active in your work or profession

From this reading Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.

Rufford

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rufford was a good deal moved as to the trial of Mr. Scrobby.

Scrobby

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rufford was a good deal moved as to the trial of Mr. Scrobby.

SCROBBY'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SCROBBY'S TRIAL.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading Mr. Scrobby was a man who not long since had held his head up in Rufford and had the reputation of a well-to-do tradesman.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading He had then taken a house with a few acres of land, lying between Rufford and Rufford Hall,--the property of Lord Rufford, and had commenced genteel life.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Rufford was a good deal moved as to the trial of Mr. Scrobby.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading He had then taken a house with a few acres of land, lying between Rufford and Rufford Hall,--the property of Lord Rufford, and had commenced genteel life.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Rufford was a good deal moved as to the trial of Mr. Scrobby.

tradesmannoun

a merchant who owns or manages a shop

From this reading Mr. Scrobby was a man who not long since had held his head up in Rufford and had the reputation of a well-to-do tradesman.

TRIALnounUS /ˈtraɪəl/

the act of testing something

From this reading SCROBBY'S TRIAL.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Mr. Scrobby was a man who not long since had held his head up in Rufford and had the reputation of a well-to-do tradesman.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Rufford was a good deal moved as to the trial of Mr. Scrobby.

well-to-doadjective

in fortunate circumstances financially; moderately rich

From this reading Mr. Scrobby was a man who not long since had held his head up in Rufford and had the reputation of a well-to-do tradesman.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Mr. Scrobby was a man who not long since had held his head up in Rufford and had the reputation of a well-to-do tradesman.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He had then taken a house with a few acres of land, lying between Rufford and Rufford Hall,--the property of Lord Rufford, and had commenced genteel life.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Enemies had perhaps doubted his probity; but he had gone on and prospered, and, two or three years before the events which are now chronicled, had retired on a competence.

Chapter 35 of The American Senator by Anthony Trollope holds 281 sentences, grouped into 57 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 35 of The American Senator contain?

Chapter 35 holds 281 sentences of The American Senator, unabridged, divided into 57 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 35 of The American Senator by Anthony Trollope exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 281 sentences, grouped into 57 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 35 of The American Senator?

Work through the 57 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 57 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 35 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 35 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #5118, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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Vocabulary met early in The American Senator

Words and structures a reader meets early in The American Senator, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Morton
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The American Senator; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Family
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The American Senator; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hardly
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The American Senator; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Describe
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The American Senator; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.