airnounUS /er/
a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of
From this reading The Third and Fourth Generation When the eighteenth century opened, many signs of change were in the air.
AmericansnounUS /əˈmerəkənz/
plural of “american” — a native or inhabitant of the United States
From this reading The third generation of native-born Americans was becoming secularized.
andconjunctionUS /ənd/
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading The Third and Fourth Generation When the eighteenth century opened, many signs of change were in the air.
awfuladjectiveUS /ˈɑːfəl/
exceptionally bad or displeasing
From this reading But before five years had passed, Judge Sewall does public penance in church for his share of the awful blunder, desiring "to take the shame and blame of it."
becomingadjectiveUS /bɪˈkʌmɪŋ/
according with custom or propriety
From this reading The third generation of native-born Americans was becoming secularized.
beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/
earlier than; in front of
From this reading But before five years had passed, Judge Sewall does public penance in church for his share of the awful blunder, desiring "to take the shame and blame of it."
blameverbUS /bleɪm/
put or pin the blame on
From this reading But before five years had passed, Judge Sewall does public penance in church for his share of the awful blunder, desiring "to take the shame and blame of it."
blunderverbUS /ˈblʌndər/
commit a faux pas or a fault or make a serious mistake
From this reading But before five years had passed, Judge Sewall does public penance in church for his share of the awful blunder, desiring "to take the shame and blame of it."
ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/
used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before
From this reading But before five years had passed, Judge Sewall does public penance in church for his share of the awful blunder, desiring "to take the shame and blame of it."
centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/
a period of 100 years
From this reading The Third and Fourth Generation When the eighteenth century opened, many signs of change were in the air.
changeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/
cause to change; make different; cause a transformation
From this reading The Third and Fourth Generation When the eighteenth century opened, many signs of change were in the air.
churchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/
one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship
From this reading But before five years had passed, Judge Sewall does public penance in church for his share of the awful blunder, desiring "to take the shame and blame of it."
CottonnounUS /ˈkɑːtən/
soft silky fibers from cotton plants in their raw state
From this reading In the height of the tragic folly over the supposed "witchcraft" in Salem, Increase Mather and his son Cotton had held up the hands of the judges in their implacable work.
desiringverbUS /dɪˈzaɪərɪŋ/
-ing form of “desire” — feel or have a desire for; want strongly
From this reading But before five years had passed, Judge Sewall does public penance in church for his share of the awful blunder, desiring "to take the shame and blame of it."
doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/
the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading But before five years had passed, Judge Sewall does public penance in church for his share of the awful blunder, desiring "to take the shame and blame of it."
eighteenthadjectiveUS /eɪˈtiːnθ/
coming next after the seventeenth in position
From this reading The Third and Fourth Generation When the eighteenth century opened, many signs of change were in the air.
EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/
a division of the United Kingdom
From this reading The theocracy of New England had failed.
failedverbUS /feɪld/
past form of “fail” — fail to do something; leave something undone
From this reading The theocracy of New England had failed.
fivenounUS /faɪv/
the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one
From this reading But before five years had passed, Judge Sewall does public penance in church for his share of the awful blunder, desiring "to take the shame and blame of it."
follynounUS /ˈfɑːli/
the trait of acting stupidly or rashly
From this reading In the height of the tragic folly over the supposed "witchcraft" in Salem, Increase Mather and his son Cotton had held up the hands of the judges in their implacable work.
forprepositionUS /fɔːr/
intended to be given to, or used by, somebody
From this reading But before five years had passed, Judge Sewall does public penance in church for his share of the awful blunder, desiring "to take the shame and blame of it."
FourthnounUS /fɔːrθ/
following the third position; number four in a countable series
From this reading The Third and Fourth Generation When the eighteenth century opened, many signs of change were in the air.
GenerationnounUS /ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃən/
all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age
From this reading The Third and Fourth Generation When the eighteenth century opened, many signs of change were in the air.
hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/
the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect
From this reading The theocracy of New England had failed.
handsnounUS /hændz/
(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child
From this reading In the height of the tragic folly over the supposed "witchcraft" in Salem, Increase Mather and his son Cotton had held up the hands of the judges in their implacable work.
heightnounUS /haɪt/
the vertical dimension of extension; distance from the base of something to the top
From this reading In the height of the tragic folly over the supposed "witchcraft" in Salem, Increase Mather and his son Cotton had held up the hands of the judges in their implacable work.
heldadjectiveUS /held/
occupied or in the control of; often used in combination
From this reading In the height of the tragic folly over the supposed "witchcraft" in Salem, Increase Mather and his son Cotton had held up the hands of the judges in their implacable work.
hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/
belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned
From this reading In the height of the tragic folly over the supposed "witchcraft" in Salem, Increase Mather and his son Cotton had held up the hands of the judges in their implacable work.
implacableadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈplækəbəl/
incapable of being placated
From this reading In the height of the tragic folly over the supposed "witchcraft" in Salem, Increase Mather and his son Cotton had held up the hands of the judges in their implacable work.
inprepositionUS /ɪn/
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading The Third and Fourth Generation When the eighteenth century opened, many signs of change were in the air.
IncreasenounUS /ˌɪnˈkriːs/
a quantity that is added
From this reading In the height of the tragic folly over the supposed "witchcraft" in Salem, Increase Mather and his son Cotton had held up the hands of the judges in their implacable work.
itpronounUS /ɪt/
a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned
From this reading But before five years had passed, Judge Sewall does public penance in church for his share of the awful blunder, desiring "to take the shame and blame of it."
JudgeverbUS /dʒʌdʒ/
determine the result of (a competition)
From this reading But before five years had passed, Judge Sewall does public penance in church for his share of the awful blunder, desiring "to take the shame and blame of it."
judgesnounUS /ˈdʒʌdʒɪz/
a book of the Old Testament that tells the history of Israel under the leaders known as judges
From this reading In the height of the tragic folly over the supposed "witchcraft" in Salem, Increase Mather and his son Cotton had held up the hands of the judges in their implacable work.
manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/
a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number
From this reading The Third and Fourth Generation When the eighteenth century opened, many signs of change were in the air.
Mather
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading In the height of the tragic folly over the supposed "witchcraft" in Salem, Increase Mather and his son Cotton had held up the hands of the judges in their implacable work.
native-bornadjective
belonging to a place by birth
From this reading The third generation of native-born Americans was becoming secularized.
NewadjectiveUS /nuː/
not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered
From this reading The theocracy of New England had failed.
ofprepositionUS /ʌv/
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading The Third and Fourth Generation When the eighteenth century opened, many signs of change were in the air.
openedadjectiveUS /ˈoʊpənd/
used of mouth or eyes
From this reading The Third and Fourth Generation When the eighteenth century opened, many signs of change were in the air.
overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/
above and across; more than
From this reading In the height of the tragic folly over the supposed "witchcraft" in Salem, Increase Mather and his son Cotton had held up the hands of the judges in their implacable work.
passedverbUS /pæst/
past form of “pass” — go across or through
From this reading But before five years had passed, Judge Sewall does public penance in church for his share of the awful blunder, desiring "to take the shame and blame of it."
penancenounUS /ˈpenəns/
remorse for your past conduct
From this reading But before five years had passed, Judge Sewall does public penance in church for his share of the awful blunder, desiring "to take the shame and blame of it."
publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/
people in general considered as a whole
From this reading But before five years had passed, Judge Sewall does public penance in church for his share of the awful blunder, desiring "to take the shame and blame of it."
SalemnounUS /ˈseɪləm/
capital of the state of Oregon in the northwestern part of the state on the Willamette River
From this reading In the height of the tragic folly over the supposed "witchcraft" in Salem, Increase Mather and his son Cotton had held up the hands of the judges in their implacable work.
secularizedverbUS /ˈsekjələraɪzd/
past form of “secularize” — make secular and draw away from a religious orientation
From this reading The third generation of native-born Americans was becoming secularized.
Sewall
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading But before five years had passed, Judge Sewall does public penance in church for his share of the awful blunder, desiring "to take the shame and blame of it."
shamenounUS /ʃeɪm/
a painful emotion resulting from an awareness of inadequacy or guilt
From this reading But before five years had passed, Judge Sewall does public penance in church for his share of the awful blunder, desiring "to take the shame and blame of it."
shareverbUS /ʃer/
have in common
From this reading But before five years had passed, Judge Sewall does public penance in church for his share of the awful blunder, desiring "to take the shame and blame of it."
signsnounUS /saɪnz/
plural of “sign” — a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened)
From this reading The Third and Fourth Generation When the eighteenth century opened, many signs of change were in the air.
sonnounUS /sʌn/
a male human offspring
From this reading In the height of the tragic folly over the supposed "witchcraft" in Salem, Increase Mather and his son Cotton had held up the hands of the judges in their implacable work.
supposedadjectiveUS /səˈpoʊzd/
required or under orders
From this reading In the height of the tragic folly over the supposed "witchcraft" in Salem, Increase Mather and his son Cotton had held up the hands of the judges in their implacable work.
takeverbUS /teɪk/
carry out
From this reading But before five years had passed, Judge Sewall does public penance in church for his share of the awful blunder, desiring "to take the shame and blame of it."
ThedeterminerUS /ðə/
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading The Third and Fourth Generation When the eighteenth century opened, many signs of change were in the air.
theirdeterminerUS /ðer/
belonging to the people or things already mentioned
From this reading In the height of the tragic folly over the supposed "witchcraft" in Salem, Increase Mather and his son Cotton had held up the hands of the judges in their implacable work.
theocracynounUS /θiˈɑːkrəsi/
a political unit governed by a deity (or by officials thought to be divinely guided)
From this reading The theocracy of New England had failed.
ThirdnounUS /θɜːrd/
one of three equal parts of a divisible whole
From this reading The Third and Fourth Generation When the eighteenth century opened, many signs of change were in the air.
toparticleUS /tuː/
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading But before five years had passed, Judge Sewall does public penance in church for his share of the awful blunder, desiring "to take the shame and blame of it."
tragicadjectiveUS /ˈtrædʒɪk/
very sad; especially involving grief or death or destruction
From this reading In the height of the tragic folly over the supposed "witchcraft" in Salem, Increase Mather and his son Cotton had held up the hands of the judges in their implacable work.
upadjectiveUS /ʌp/
being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level
From this reading In the height of the tragic folly over the supposed "witchcraft" in Salem, Increase Mather and his son Cotton had held up the hands of the judges in their implacable work.
wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/
the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading The third generation of native-born Americans was becoming secularized.
wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/
the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun
From this reading The Third and Fourth Generation When the eighteenth century opened, many signs of change were in the air.
WhenconjunctionUS /wen/
at the time that
From this reading The Third and Fourth Generation When the eighteenth century opened, many signs of change were in the air.
witchcraftnounUS /ˈwɪtʃkræft/
the art of sorcery
From this reading In the height of the tragic folly over the supposed "witchcraft" in Salem, Increase Mather and his son Cotton had held up the hands of the judges in their implacable work.
workverbUS /wɜːrk/
exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity
From this reading In the height of the tragic folly over the supposed "witchcraft" in Salem, Increase Mather and his son Cotton had held up the hands of the judges in their implacable work.
yearsnounUS /jɪrz/
a late time of life
From this reading But before five years had passed, Judge Sewall does public penance in church for his share of the awful blunder, desiring "to take the shame and blame of it."
