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The American Spirit in Literature
The American Spirit in Literature

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The American Spirit in Literature is here in full — 151 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.
Its spirit is not that of "one united people."
Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.
It is idle to look in the writings of the Revolutionary period for the literature of beauty, for a quiet harmonious unfolding of the deeper secrets of life.
It was a time of swift and pitiless change, of action rather than reflection, of the turning of many separate currents into one headlong stream.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The American Spirit in Literature

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The American Spirit in Literature is here in full — 151 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/30 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.
Line 2
Its spirit is not that of "one united people."
/ɪts ˈspɪrət ɪz nɑːt ðæt ʌv wʌn juːˈnaɪtɪd ˈpiːpəl/
Line 3
Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.
Line 4
It is idle to look in the writings of the Revolutionary period for the literature of beauty, for a quiet harmonious unfolding of the deeper secrets of life.
/ɪt ɪz ˈaɪdəl tuː lʊk ɪn ðə ˈraɪtɪŋz ʌv ðə ˌrevəˈluːʃəneri ˈpɪriəd fɔːr ðə ˈlɪtərətʃər ʌv ˈbjuːti fɔːr ə ˈkwaɪət hɑːrˈmoʊniəs ənˈfoʊldɪŋ ʌv ðə ˈdiːpər ˈsiːkrəts ʌv laɪf/
Line 5
It was a time of swift and pitiless change, of action rather than reflection, of the turning of many separate currents into one headlong stream.
/ɪt wɑːz ə taɪm ʌv swɪft ənd ˈpɪtiləs tʃeɪndʒ ʌv ˈækʃən ˈræðər ðæn rɪˈflekʃən ʌv ðə ˈtɜːrnɪŋ ʌv ˈmeni ˈsepəreɪt ˈkɜːrənts ˈɪntuː wʌn ˈhedlɔːŋ striːm/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adoption noun US /əˈdɑːpʃən/

the act of accepting with approval; favorable reception

From this reading “The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.”

currents noun US /ˈkɜːrənts/

plural of “current” — a flow of electricity through a conductor

From this reading “It was a time of swift and pitiless change, of action rather than reflection, of the turning of many separate currents into one headlong stream.”

discord noun US /ˈdɪskɔːrd/

lack of agreement or harmony

From this reading “The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.”

foresee verb US /fɔːrˈsiː/

realize beforehand

From this reading “Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.”

harmonious adjective US /hɑːrˈmoʊniəs/

musically pleasing

From this reading “It is idle to look in the writings of the Revolutionary period for the literature of beauty, for a quiet harmonious unfolding of the deeper secrets of life.”

pitiless adjective US /ˈpɪtiləs/

without mercy or pity

From this reading “It was a time of swift and pitiless change, of action rather than reflection, of the turning of many separate currents into one headlong stream.”

unfolding noun US /ənˈfoʊldɪŋ/

a developmental process

From this reading “It is idle to look in the writings of the Revolutionary period for the literature of beauty, for a quiet harmonious unfolding of the deeper secrets of life.”

unity noun US /ˈjuːnəti/

an undivided or unbroken completeness or totality with nothing wanting

From this reading “Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.”

All words in this reading · 103

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1765

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

1787

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

1796

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

ActverbUS /ækt/

perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

actionnounUS /ˈækʃən/

something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading It was a time of swift and pitiless change, of action rather than reflection, of the turning of many separate currents into one headlong stream.

AddressverbUS /ˈædres/

speak to

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

adoptionnounUS /əˈdɑːpʃən/

the act of accepting with approval; favorable reception

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

AmericanounUS /əˈmerəkə/

North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

beautynounUS /ˈbjuːti/

the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading It is idle to look in the writings of the Revolutionary period for the literature of beauty, for a quiet harmonious unfolding of the deeper secrets of life.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

changeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading It was a time of swift and pitiless change, of action rather than reflection, of the turning of many separate currents into one headlong stream.

ConstitutionnounUS /ˌkɑːnstəˈtuːʃən/

law determining the fundamental political principles of a government

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

currentsnounUS /ˈkɜːrənts/

plural of “current” — a flow of electricity through a conductor

From this reading It was a time of swift and pitiless change, of action rather than reflection, of the turning of many separate currents into one headlong stream.

declareverbUS /dɪˈkler/

state emphatically and authoritatively

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

deeperadverbUS /ˈdiːpər/

comparative of “deeply” — to a great depth psychologically or emotionally

From this reading It is idle to look in the writings of the Revolutionary period for the literature of beauty, for a quiet harmonious unfolding of the deeper secrets of life.

differencenounUS /ˈdɪfərəns/

the quality of being unlike or dissimilar

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

discordnounUS /ˈdɪskɔːrd/

lack of agreement or harmony

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

FarewellnounUS /ˌferˈwel/

an acknowledgment or expression of goodwill at parting

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It is idle to look in the writings of the Revolutionary period for the literature of beauty, for a quiet harmonious unfolding of the deeper secrets of life.

foreseeverbUS /fɔːrˈsiː/

realize beforehand

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

habitsnounUS /ˈhæbəts/

plural of “habit” — an established custom

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

harmoniousadjectiveUS /hɑːrˈmoʊniəs/

musically pleasing

From this reading It is idle to look in the writings of the Revolutionary period for the literature of beauty, for a quiet harmonious unfolding of the deeper secrets of life.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

headlongadverbUS /ˈhedlɔːŋ/

with the head foremost

From this reading It was a time of swift and pitiless change, of action rather than reflection, of the turning of many separate currents into one headlong stream.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

hungverbUS /hʌŋ/

inflected form of “hang” — be suspended or hanging

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

idleadjectiveUS /ˈaɪdəl/

not in action or at work

From this reading It is idle to look in the writings of the Revolutionary period for the literature of beauty, for a quiet harmonious unfolding of the deeper secrets of life.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

impossibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading It was a time of swift and pitiless change, of action rather than reflection, of the turning of many separate currents into one headlong stream.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

ItsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Its spirit is not that of "one united people."

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading It is idle to look in the writings of the Revolutionary period for the literature of beauty, for a quiet harmonious unfolding of the deeper secrets of life.

literaturenounUS /ˈlɪtərətʃər/

creative writing of recognized artistic value

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading It is idle to look in the writings of the Revolutionary period for the literature of beauty, for a quiet harmonious unfolding of the deeper secrets of life.

mannersnounUS /ˈmænərz/

social deportment

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading It was a time of swift and pitiless change, of action rather than reflection, of the turning of many separate currents into one headlong stream.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Its spirit is not that of "one united people."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Its spirit is not that of "one united people."

passagenounUS /ˈpæsədʒ/

the act of passing from one state or place to the next

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

passionnounUS /ˈpæʃən/

a strong feeling or emotion

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading Its spirit is not that of "one united people."

perceiveverbUS /pərˈsiːv/

to become aware of through the senses

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

periodnounUS /ˈpɪriəd/

an amount of time

From this reading It is idle to look in the writings of the Revolutionary period for the literature of beauty, for a quiet harmonious unfolding of the deeper secrets of life.

pitilessadjectiveUS /ˈpɪtiləs/

without mercy or pity

From this reading It was a time of swift and pitiless change, of action rather than reflection, of the turning of many separate currents into one headlong stream.

politicaladjectiveUS /pəˈlɪtəkəl/

involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

principlesnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəlz/

plural of “principle” — a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

producedverbUS /prəˈduːst/

past form of “produce” — bring forth or yield

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

quietadjectiveUS /ˈkwaɪət/

characterized by an absence or near absence of agitation or activity

From this reading It is idle to look in the writings of the Revolutionary period for the literature of beauty, for a quiet harmonious unfolding of the deeper secrets of life.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading It was a time of swift and pitiless change, of action rather than reflection, of the turning of many separate currents into one headlong stream.

reflectionnounUS /rɪˈflekʃən/

a calm, lengthy, intent consideration

From this reading It was a time of swift and pitiless change, of action rather than reflection, of the turning of many separate currents into one headlong stream.

religionnounUS /rɪˈlɪdʒən/

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

RevolutionnounUS /ˌrevəˈluːʃən/

a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

RevolutionaryadjectiveUS /ˌrevəˈluːʃəneri/

markedly new or introducing radical change

From this reading It is idle to look in the writings of the Revolutionary period for the literature of beauty, for a quiet harmonious unfolding of the deeper secrets of life.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

secretsnounUS /ˈsiːkrəts/

plural of “secret” — something that should remain hidden from others (especially information that is not to be passed on)

From this reading It is idle to look in the writings of the Revolutionary period for the literature of beauty, for a quiet harmonious unfolding of the deeper secrets of life.

separateverbUS /ˈsepəreɪt/

act as a barrier between; stand between

From this reading It was a time of swift and pitiless change, of action rather than reflection, of the turning of many separate currents into one headlong stream.

shadesnounUS /ʃeɪdz/

(plural) something that reminds you of someone or something

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

slenderadjectiveUS /ˈslendər/

being of delicate or slender build

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

slightnounUS /slaɪt/

a deliberate discourteous act (usually as an expression of anger or disapproval)

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading Its spirit is not that of "one united people."

StampverbUS /stæmp/

walk heavily

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

streamnounUS /striːm/

a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

From this reading It was a time of swift and pitiless change, of action rather than reflection, of the turning of many separate currents into one headlong stream.

swiftadjectiveUS /swɪft/

moving very fast

From this reading It was a time of swift and pitiless change, of action rather than reflection, of the turning of many separate currents into one headlong stream.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

threadverbUS /θred/

to move or cause to move in a sinuous, spiral, or circular course

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading It was a time of swift and pitiless change, of action rather than reflection, of the turning of many separate currents into one headlong stream.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

turnverbUS /tɜːrn/

change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

turningnounUS /ˈtɜːrnɪŋ/

the act of changing or reversing the direction of the course

From this reading It was a time of swift and pitiless change, of action rather than reflection, of the turning of many separate currents into one headlong stream.

unfoldingnounUS /ənˈfoʊldɪŋ/

a developmental process

From this reading It is idle to look in the writings of the Revolutionary period for the literature of beauty, for a quiet harmonious unfolding of the deeper secrets of life.

unitedadjectiveUS /juːˈnaɪtɪd/

characterized by unity; being or joined into a single entity

From this reading Its spirit is not that of "one united people."

unitynounUS /ˈjuːnəti/

an undivided or unbroken completeness or totality with nothing wanting

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was a time of swift and pitiless change, of action rather than reflection, of the turning of many separate currents into one headlong stream.

WashingtonnounUS /ˈwɑːʃɪŋtən/

the capital of the United States in the District of Columbia and a tourist mecca; George Washington commissioned Charles L'Enfant to lay out the city in 1791

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading The Revolution If we turn, however, to the literature produced in America between the passage of the Stamp Act in 1765 and the adoption of the Constitution in 1787, we perceive that it is a literature of discord and passion.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

writingsnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋz/

the third of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures

From this reading It is idle to look in the writings of the Revolutionary period for the literature of beauty, for a quiet harmonious unfolding of the deeper secrets of life.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Washington could indeed declare in his Farewell Address of 1796, "With slight shades of difference, you have the same religion, manners, habits, and political principles"; yet no one knew better than Washington upon what a slender thread this political unity had often hung, and how impossible it had been to foresee the end from the beginning.

Chapter 4 of The American Spirit in Literature by Bliss Perry holds 151 sentences, grouped into 31 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The American Spirit in Literature contain?

Chapter 4 holds 151 sentences of The American Spirit in Literature, unabridged, divided into 31 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The American Spirit in Literature by Bliss Perry exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 151 sentences, grouped into 31 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The American Spirit in Literature?

Work through the 31 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 31 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The American Spirit in Literature

Common questions about reading The American Spirit in Literature by Bliss Perry on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The American Spirit in Literature?

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Project Gutenberg eBook #3410, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The American Spirit in Literature take to read?

About 235 minutes of reading across 566 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The American Spirit in Literature

Words and structures a reader meets early in The American Spirit in Literature, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

United
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The American Spirit in Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
States
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The American Spirit in Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
America
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The American Spirit in Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Beginning
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The American Spirit in Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.