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The American Spirit in Literature
The American Spirit in Literature

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of The American Spirit in Literature is here in full — 5 sentences across 1 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The American Spirit in Literature
Context Illustration Reading 1/1 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Page 208: Epoch-making is hyphenated and split between two lines for spacing.
On page 184, the hyphen was used, so we retained it here.
Index Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.
Page 276: Change Leatherstocking to Leather-Stocking in index entry "Leather-Stocking Tales, Cooper," • Page 278: Change Oake to Oakes in index entry "Oake, Urian."
Page 280: Change Twicetold to Twice-Told in index entry "Twice-Told Tales, Hawthorne."
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The American Spirit in Literature

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of The American Spirit in Literature is here in full — 5 sentences across 1 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/1 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Page 208: Epoch-making is hyphenated and split between two lines for spacing.
Line 2
On page 184, the hyphen was used, so we retained it here.
Line 3
IndexPage 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.
Line 4
Page 276: Change Leatherstocking to Leather-Stocking in index entry "Leather-Stocking Tales, Cooper," • Page 278: Change Oake to Oakes in index entry "Oake, Urian."
Line 5
Page 280: Change Twicetold to Twice-Told in index entry "Twice-Told Tales, Hawthorne."

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

acute adjective US /əˈkjuːt/

having or experiencing a rapid onset and short but severe course

From this reading “Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.”

Cooper noun US /ˈkuːpər/

United States industrialist who built the first American locomotive; founded Cooper Union in New York City to offer free courses in the arts and sciences (1791-1883)

From this reading “• Page 276: Change Leatherstocking to Leather-Stocking in index entry "Leather-Stocking Tales, Cooper," • Page 278: Change Oake to Oakes in index entry "Oake, Urian."”

Hawthorne noun US /ˈhɔːθɔːrn/

United States writer of novels and short stories mostly on moral themes (1804-1864)

From this reading “• Page 280: Change Twicetold to Twice-Told in index entry "Twice-Told Tales, Hawthorne."”

hyphen noun US /ˈhaɪfən/

a punctuation mark (-) used between parts of a compound word or between the syllables of a word when the word is divided at the end of a line of text

From this reading “On page 184, the hyphen was used, so we retained it here.”

hyphenated verb US /ˈhaɪfəneɪtɪd/

past form of “hyphenate” — divide or connect with a hyphen

From this reading “• Page 208: Epoch-making is hyphenated and split between two lines for spacing.”

index noun US /ˈɪndeks/

a numerical scale used to compare variables with one another or with some reference number

From this reading “Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.”

spacing noun US /ˈspeɪsɪŋ/

the time between occurrences of a repeating event

From this reading “• Page 208: Epoch-making is hyphenated and split between two lines for spacing.”

spelling noun US /ˈspelɪŋ/

forming words with letters according to the principles underlying accepted usage

From this reading “Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.”

All words in this reading · 59

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

184

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On page 184, the hyphen was used, so we retained it here.

208

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading • Page 208: Epoch-making is hyphenated and split between two lines for spacing.

276

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.

278

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading • Page 276: Change Leatherstocking to Leather-Stocking in index entry "Leather-Stocking Tales, Cooper," • Page 278: Change Oake to Oakes in index entry "Oake, Urian."

280

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading • Page 280: Change Twicetold to Twice-Told in index entry "Twice-Told Tales, Hawthorne."

60

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.

68

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.

accentnounUS /əkˈsent/

distinctive manner of oral expression

From this reading Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.

acuteadjectiveUS /əˈkjuːt/

having or experiencing a rapid onset and short but severe course

From this reading Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading • Page 208: Epoch-making is hyphenated and split between two lines for spacing.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading • Page 208: Epoch-making is hyphenated and split between two lines for spacing.

ChangeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading • Page 276: Change Leatherstocking to Leather-Stocking in index entry "Leather-Stocking Tales, Cooper," • Page 278: Change Oake to Oakes in index entry "Oake, Urian."

ChangedadjectiveUS /tʃeɪndʒd/

made or become different in nature or form

From this reading Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.

CoopernounUS /ˈkuːpər/

United States industrialist who built the first American locomotive; founded Cooper Union in New York City to offer free courses in the arts and sciences (1791-1883)

From this reading • Page 276: Change Leatherstocking to Leather-Stocking in index entry "Leather-Stocking Tales, Cooper," • Page 278: Change Oake to Oakes in index entry "Oake, Urian."

Crèvecœur

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.

Crévecœur

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.

entrynounUS /ˈentri/

an item inserted in a written record

From this reading Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.

Epoch-makingadjective

highly significant or important especially bringing about or marking the beginning of a new development or era

From this reading • Page 208: Epoch-making is hyphenated and split between two lines for spacing.

FarmernounUS /ˈfɑːrmər/

a person who operates a farm

From this reading Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading • Page 208: Epoch-making is hyphenated and split between two lines for spacing.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.

gravenounUS /ɡreɪv/

death of a person

From this reading Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.

HawthornenounUS /ˈhɔːθɔːrn/

United States writer of novels and short stories mostly on moral themes (1804-1864)

From this reading • Page 280: Change Twicetold to Twice-Told in index entry "Twice-Told Tales, Hawthorne."

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading On page 184, the hyphen was used, so we retained it here.

hyphennounUS /ˈhaɪfən/

a punctuation mark (-) used between parts of a compound word or between the syllables of a word when the word is divided at the end of a line of text

From this reading On page 184, the hyphen was used, so we retained it here.

hyphenatedverbUS /ˈhaɪfəneɪtɪd/

past form of “hyphenate” — divide or connect with a hyphen

From this reading • Page 208: Epoch-making is hyphenated and split between two lines for spacing.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.

IndexnounUS /ˈɪndeks/

a numerical scale used to compare variables with one another or with some reference number

From this reading Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading • Page 208: Epoch-making is hyphenated and split between two lines for spacing.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading On page 184, the hyphen was used, so we retained it here.

Leather-Stocking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading • Page 276: Change Leatherstocking to Leather-Stocking in index entry "Leather-Stocking Tales, Cooper," • Page 278: Change Oake to Oakes in index entry "Oake, Urian."

Leatherstocking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading • Page 276: Change Leatherstocking to Leather-Stocking in index entry "Leather-Stocking Tales, Cooper," • Page 278: Change Oake to Oakes in index entry "Oake, Urian."

LettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.

linesnounUS /laɪnz/

plural of “line” — a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading • Page 208: Epoch-making is hyphenated and split between two lines for spacing.

matchverbUS /mætʃ/

be compatible, similar or consistent; coincide in their characteristics

From this reading Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.

Oake

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading • Page 276: Change Leatherstocking to Leather-Stocking in index entry "Leather-Stocking Tales, Cooper," • Page 278: Change Oake to Oakes in index entry "Oake, Urian."

Oakes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading • Page 276: Change Leatherstocking to Leather-Stocking in index entry "Leather-Stocking Tales, Cooper," • Page 278: Change Oake to Oakes in index entry "Oake, Urian."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On page 184, the hyphen was used, so we retained it here.

PagenounUS /peɪdʒ/

one side of one leaf (of a book or magazine or newspaper or letter etc.) or the written or pictorial matter it contains

From this reading • Page 208: Epoch-making is hyphenated and split between two lines for spacing.

retainedadjectiveUS /rɪˈteɪnd/

continued in your keeping or use or memory

From this reading On page 184, the hyphen was used, so we retained it here.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading On page 184, the hyphen was used, so we retained it here.

spacingnounUS /ˈspeɪsɪŋ/

the time between occurrences of a repeating event

From this reading • Page 208: Epoch-making is hyphenated and split between two lines for spacing.

spellingnounUS /ˈspelɪŋ/

forming words with letters according to the principles underlying accepted usage

From this reading Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.

splitverbUS /splɪt/

separate into parts or portions

From this reading • Page 208: Epoch-making is hyphenated and split between two lines for spacing.

TalesnounUS /teɪlz/

plural of “tale” — a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading • Page 276: Change Leatherstocking to Leather-Stocking in index entry "Leather-Stocking Tales, Cooper," • Page 278: Change Oake to Oakes in index entry "Oake, Urian."

textnounUS /tekst/

the words of something written

From this reading Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading On page 184, the hyphen was used, so we retained it here.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Index • Page 276: Changed the acute accent to a grave accent in the spelling of Crèvecœur to match the text in index entry: Letters from an American Farmer, Crévecœur, 60, 68.

Twice-Told

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading • Page 280: Change Twicetold to Twice-Told in index entry "Twice-Told Tales, Hawthorne."

Twicetold

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading • Page 280: Change Twicetold to Twice-Told in index entry "Twice-Told Tales, Hawthorne."

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading • Page 208: Epoch-making is hyphenated and split between two lines for spacing.

Urian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading • Page 276: Change Leatherstocking to Leather-Stocking in index entry "Leather-Stocking Tales, Cooper," • Page 278: Change Oake to Oakes in index entry "Oake, Urian."

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading On page 184, the hyphen was used, so we retained it here.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading On page 184, the hyphen was used, so we retained it here.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading On page 184, the hyphen was used, so we retained it here.

Chapter 17 of The American Spirit in Literature by Bliss Perry holds 5 sentences, grouped into 1 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of The American Spirit in Literature contain?

Chapter 17 holds 5 sentences of The American Spirit in Literature, unabridged, divided into 1 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of The American Spirit in Literature by Bliss Perry exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 5 sentences, grouped into 1 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of The American Spirit in Literature?

Work through the 1 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 1 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The American Spirit in Literature

Common questions about reading The American Spirit in Literature by Bliss Perry on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The American Spirit in Literature?

Yes. All 2829 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3410 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The American Spirit in Literature is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #3410, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The American Spirit in Literature take to read?

About 235 minutes of reading across 566 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The American Spirit in Literature section by section

How to work through The American Spirit in Literature section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of The American Spirit in Literature to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The American Spirit in Literature

Words and structures a reader meets early in The American Spirit in Literature, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

United
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The American Spirit in Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
States
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The American Spirit in Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
America
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The American Spirit in Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Beginning
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The American Spirit in Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.