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The Ancient Irish Epic Tale Táin Bó Cúalnge
The Ancient Irish Epic Tale Táin Bó Cúalnge

Chapter XXII · Chapter 22

Chapter 22 of The Ancient Irish Epic Tale Táin Bó Cúalnge is here in full — 124 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/24 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.
In that place were women and youths and children lamenting the Brown Bull of Cualnge.
They saw the Brown of Cualnge's forehead approaching them.
"The forehead of a bull cometh towards us!" they shouted.
Hence is Taul Tairb ('Bull's Brow') ever since.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Ancient Irish Epic Tale Táin Bó Cúalnge

Chapter XXII · Chapter 22

Chapter 22 of The Ancient Irish Epic Tale Táin Bó Cúalnge is here in full — 124 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.
Line 2
In that place were women and youths and children lamenting the Brown Bull of Cualnge.
Line 3
They saw the Brown of Cualnge's forehead approaching them.
Line 4
"The forehead of a bull cometh towards us!" they shouted.
Line 5
Hence is Taul Tairb ('Bull's Brow') ever since.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

agitation noun US /ˌædʒəˈteɪʃən/

a mental state of extreme emotional disturbance

From this reading “He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.”

bull noun US /bʊl/

uncastrated adult male of domestic cattle

From this reading “In that place were women and youths and children lamenting the Brown Bull of Cualnge.”

Bull's noun US /bʊlz/

possessive form of “bull” — uncastrated adult male of domestic cattle

From this reading “Hence is Taul Tairb ('Bull's Brow') ever since.”

lamenting adjective US /ləˈmentɪŋ/

vocally expressing grief or sorrow or resembling such expression

From this reading “In that place were women and youths and children lamenting the Brown Bull of Cualnge.”

peaks noun US /piːks/

plural of “peak” — the most extreme possible amount or value

From this reading “He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.”

summit noun US /ˈsʌmət/

the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development

From this reading “He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.”

thence adverb US /ðens/

from that place or that time

From this reading “He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.”

youths noun US /juːðz/

plural of “youth” — a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading “In that place were women and youths and children lamenting the Brown Bull of Cualnge.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

3

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

4

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

agitationnounUS /ˌædʒəˈteɪʃən/

a mental state of extreme emotional disturbance

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

approachingnounUS /əˈproʊtʃɪŋ/

the event of one object coming closer to another

From this reading They saw the Brown of Cualnge's forehead approaching them.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

Breg

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

BrownounUS /braʊ/

the part of the face above the eyes

From this reading Hence is Taul Tairb ('Bull's Brow') ever since.

BrownnounUS /braʊn/

an orange of low brightness and saturation

From this reading In that place were women and youths and children lamenting the Brown Bull of Cualnge.

BullnounUS /bʊl/

uncastrated adult male of domestic cattle

From this reading In that place were women and youths and children lamenting the Brown Bull of Cualnge.

Bull'snounUS /bʊlz/

possessive form of “bull” — uncastrated adult male of domestic cattle

From this reading Hence is Taul Tairb ('Bull's Brow') ever since.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading In that place were women and youths and children lamenting the Brown Bull of Cualnge.

cometh

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The forehead of a bull cometh towards us!" they shouted.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

Cualnge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

Cualnge's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They saw the Brown of Cualnge's forehead approaching them.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Hence is Taul Tairb ('Bull's Brow') ever since.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

foreheadnounUS /ˈfɔːrhed/

the part of the face above the eyes

From this reading They saw the Brown of Cualnge's forehead approaching them.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

HenceadverbUS /hens/

for this reason

From this reading Hence is Taul Tairb ('Bull's Brow') ever since.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In that place were women and youths and children lamenting the Brown Bull of Cualnge.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Hence is Taul Tairb ('Bull's Brow') ever since.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

lamentingadjectiveUS /ləˈmentɪŋ/

vocally expressing grief or sorrow or resembling such expression

From this reading In that place were women and youths and children lamenting the Brown Bull of Cualnge.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

northwardsadverb

in a northern direction

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

peaksnounUS /piːks/

plural of “peak” — the most extreme possible amount or value

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading In that place were women and youths and children lamenting the Brown Bull of Cualnge.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

shoutedadjectiveUS /ˈʃaʊtɪd/

in a vehement outcry

From this reading "The forehead of a bull cometh towards us!" they shouted.

sightnounUS /saɪt/

an instance of visual perception

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading Hence is Taul Tairb ('Bull's Brow') ever since.

Sliab

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

summitnounUS /ˈsʌmət/

the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

Tairb

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hence is Taul Tairb ('Bull's Brow') ever since.

Taul

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hence is Taul Tairb ('Bull's Brow') ever since.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In that place were women and youths and children lamenting the Brown Bull of Cualnge.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading They saw the Brown of Cualnge's forehead approaching them.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

thenceadverbUS /ðens/

from that place or that time

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They saw the Brown of Cualnge's forehead approaching them.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "The forehead of a bull cometh towards us!" they shouted.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading He turned his face northwards then, [3]and went on thence to the summit of Sliab Breg, and he saw the peaks[3] and knew the land of Cualnge, [4]and a great agitation came over him at the sight of his own land and country,[4] and he went his way towards it.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In that place were women and youths and children lamenting the Brown Bull of Cualnge.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading In that place were women and youths and children lamenting the Brown Bull of Cualnge.

youthsnounUS /juːðz/

plural of “youth” — a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading In that place were women and youths and children lamenting the Brown Bull of Cualnge.

Chapter 22 of The Ancient Irish Epic Tale Táin Bó Cúalnge by Joseph [Translator] Dunn holds 124 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 22 of The Ancient Irish Epic Tale Táin Bó Cúalnge contain?

Chapter 22 holds 124 sentences of The Ancient Irish Epic Tale Táin Bó Cúalnge, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 22 of The Ancient Irish Epic Tale Táin Bó Cúalnge by Joseph [Translator] Dunn exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 124 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 22 of The Ancient Irish Epic Tale Táin Bó Cúalnge?

Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Vocabulary met early in The Ancient Irish Epic Tale Táin Bó Cúalnge

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Ancient Irish Epic Tale Táin Bó Cúalnge, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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