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The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V
The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V is here in full — 141 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.
These feathers serve a double purpose.
In the first place, they help to preserve the warmth of the body.
Birds are hot-blooded animals--indeed, their blood is a good deal warmer than ours--and they often have to fly very fast through very cold air.
So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V is here in full — 141 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.
/bɜːrdz ʌv preɪ wiː hæv naʊ fɜːrst tuː θɪŋk ʌv ðə ɡreɪt klæs ʌv ðə bɜːrdz wɪtʃ ɑːr dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt frʌm ɔːl ˈʌðər ˈlɪvɪŋ ˈkriːtʃərz baɪ ˈhævɪŋ ðer ˈbɑːdiz ˈkʌvərd wɪð ˈfeðərz/
Line 2
These feathers serve a double purpose.
/ðiːz ˈfeðərz sɜːrv ə ˈdʌbəl ˈpɜːrpəs/
Line 3
In the first place, they help to preserve the warmth of the body.
/ɪn ðə fɜːrst pleɪs ðeɪ help tuː prəˈzɜːrv ðə wɔːrmθ ʌv ðə ˈbɑːdi/
Line 4
Birds are hot-blooded animals--indeed, their blood is a good deal warmer than ours--and they often have to fly very fast through very cold air.
Line 5
So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.
/soʊ juː siː ɪt ɪz moʊst ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt ðæt ðeɪ ʃʊd biː kloʊðd wɪð sʌm sɔːrt ʌv ˈkʌvərɪŋ wɪtʃ ɪz ˈveri wɔːrm ənd æt ðə seɪm taɪm laɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

clothed adjective US /kloʊðd/

wearing or provided with clothing; sometimes used in combination

From this reading “So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.”

covering noun US /ˈkʌvərɪŋ/

a natural object that covers or envelops

From this reading “So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.”

feathers noun US /ˈfeðərz/

plural of “feather” — the light horny waterproof structure forming the external covering of birds

From this reading “BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.”

ours pronoun US /ˈaʊərz/

the one or ones belonging to us

From this reading “Birds are hot-blooded animals--indeed, their blood is a good deal warmer than ours--and they often have to fly very fast through very cold air.”

preserve verb US /prəˈzɜːrv/

keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last

From this reading “In the first place, they help to preserve the warmth of the body.”

prey noun US /preɪ/

a person who is the aim of an attack (especially a victim of ridicule or exploitation) by some hostile person or influence

From this reading “BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.”

warmer noun US /ˈwɔːrmər/

device that heats water or supplies warmth to a room

From this reading “Birds are hot-blooded animals--indeed, their blood is a good deal warmer than ours--and they often have to fly very fast through very cold air.”

warmth noun US /wɔːrmθ/

the sensation caused by heat energy

From this reading “In the first place, they help to preserve the warmth of the body.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

living creatures noun + noun counted as “living creature”

In this reading “BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.”

most important adverb + adjective

In this reading “So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.”

same time adjective + noun

In this reading “So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.”

double purpose verb + noun

In this reading “These feathers serve a double purpose.”

some sort adjective + noun

In this reading “So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.”

cold air adjective + noun

In this reading “Birds are hot-blooded animals--indeed, their blood is a good deal warmer than ours--and they often have to fly very fast through very cold air.”

first place adjective + noun

In this reading “In the first place, they help to preserve the warmth of the body.”

think of verb + particle

keep in mind for attention or consideration

In this reading “BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading These feathers serve a double purpose.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading Birds are hot-blooded animals--indeed, their blood is a good deal warmer than ours--and they often have to fly very fast through very cold air.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Birds are hot-blooded animals--indeed, their blood is a good deal warmer than ours--and they often have to fly very fast through very cold air.

animalsnounUS /ˈænəməlz/

plural of “animal” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading Birds are hot-blooded animals--indeed, their blood is a good deal warmer than ours--and they often have to fly very fast through very cold air.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.

BIRDSnounUS /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

bloodnounUS /blʌd/

The red fluid that circulates in the heart and blood vessels.

From this reading Birds are hot-blooded animals--indeed, their blood is a good deal warmer than ours--and they often have to fly very fast through very cold air.

bodiesnounUS /ˈbɑːdiz/

plural of “body” — the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading In the first place, they help to preserve the warmth of the body.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

classnounUS /klæs/

a collection of things sharing a common attribute

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

clothedadjectiveUS /kloʊðd/

wearing or provided with clothing; sometimes used in combination

From this reading So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading Birds are hot-blooded animals--indeed, their blood is a good deal warmer than ours--and they often have to fly very fast through very cold air.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

coveringnounUS /ˈkʌvərɪŋ/

a natural object that covers or envelops

From this reading So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.

creaturesnounUS /ˈkriːtʃərz/

plural of “creature” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

dealverbUS /diːl/

act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading Birds are hot-blooded animals--indeed, their blood is a good deal warmer than ours--and they often have to fly very fast through very cold air.

distinguishedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt/

(used of persons) standing above others in character or attainment or reputation

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

doubleverbUS /ˈdʌbəl/

increase twofold

From this reading These feathers serve a double purpose.

fastadverbUS /fæst/

quickly or rapidly (often used as a combining form)

From this reading Birds are hot-blooded animals--indeed, their blood is a good deal warmer than ours--and they often have to fly very fast through very cold air.

feathersnounUS /ˈfeðərz/

plural of “feather” — the light horny waterproof structure forming the external covering of birds

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

flyverbUS /flaɪ/

travel through the air; be airborne

From this reading Birds are hot-blooded animals--indeed, their blood is a good deal warmer than ours--and they often have to fly very fast through very cold air.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Birds are hot-blooded animals--indeed, their blood is a good deal warmer than ours--and they often have to fly very fast through very cold air.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

helpverbUS /help/

give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading In the first place, they help to preserve the warmth of the body.

hot-bloodedadjective

prone to emotion

From this reading Birds are hot-blooded animals--indeed, their blood is a good deal warmer than ours--and they often have to fly very fast through very cold air.

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the first place, they help to preserve the warmth of the body.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading Birds are hot-blooded animals--indeed, their blood is a good deal warmer than ours--and they often have to fly very fast through very cold air.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Birds are hot-blooded animals--indeed, their blood is a good deal warmer than ours--and they often have to fly very fast through very cold air.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading Birds are hot-blooded animals--indeed, their blood is a good deal warmer than ours--and they often have to fly very fast through very cold air.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

ourspronounUS /ˈaʊərz/

the one or ones belonging to us

From this reading Birds are hot-blooded animals--indeed, their blood is a good deal warmer than ours--and they often have to fly very fast through very cold air.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading In the first place, they help to preserve the warmth of the body.

preserveverbUS /prəˈzɜːrv/

keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last

From this reading In the first place, they help to preserve the warmth of the body.

PREYnounUS /preɪ/

a person who is the aim of an attack (especially a victim of ridicule or exploitation) by some hostile person or influence

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading These feathers serve a double purpose.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.

serveverbUS /sɜːrv/

serve a purpose, role, or function

From this reading These feathers serve a double purpose.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Birds are hot-blooded animals--indeed, their blood is a good deal warmer than ours--and they often have to fly very fast through very cold air.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These feathers serve a double purpose.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In the first place, they help to preserve the warmth of the body.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Birds are hot-blooded animals--indeed, their blood is a good deal warmer than ours--and they often have to fly very fast through very cold air.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Birds are hot-blooded animals--indeed, their blood is a good deal warmer than ours--and they often have to fly very fast through very cold air.

warmadjectiveUS /wɔːrm/

having or producing a comfortable and agreeable degree of heat or imparting or maintaining heat

From this reading So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.

warmernounUS /ˈwɔːrmər/

device that heats water or supplies warmth to a room

From this reading Birds are hot-blooded animals--indeed, their blood is a good deal warmer than ours--and they often have to fly very fast through very cold air.

warmthnounUS /wɔːrmθ/

the sensation caused by heat energy

From this reading In the first place, they help to preserve the warmth of the body.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading BIRDS OF PREY We have now first to think of the great class of the birds, which are distinguished from all other living creatures by having their bodies covered with feathers.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading So, you see, it is most important that they should be clothed with some sort of covering which is very warm and at the same time light.

Chapter 20 of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V by Theodore Wood holds 141 sentences, grouped into 29 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V contain?

Chapter 20 holds 141 sentences of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V, unabridged, divided into 29 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V by Theodore Wood exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 141 sentences, grouped into 29 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V?

Work through the 29 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 29 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V

Common questions about reading The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V by Theodore Wood on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V?

Yes. All 7213 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #42414 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #42414, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1443 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V section by section

How to work through The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Gibbons
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
First
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Among
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mammals
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.