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The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V
The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V

Chapter XXIII

Chapter 23 of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V is here in full — 135 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V
Context Illustration Reading 1/27 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
WAGTAILS, SHRIKES, THRUSHES, ETC.
One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.
And one can easily understand why the name wagtail has been given to it, for no matter whether it is flying or running, its tail is never still.
Sometimes, too, it may be seen in a damp meadow, or even on a lawn in a garden; and where one wagtail is, others are sure to be not very far off.
The nest of this bird is usually placed in a hole in a river-bank, or else among the spreading roots of a tree.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V

Chapter XXIII

Chapter 23 of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V is here in full — 135 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/27 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
WAGTAILS, SHRIKES, THRUSHES, ETC.
Line 2
One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.
Line 3
And one can easily understand why the name wagtail has been given to it, for no matter whether it is flying or running, its tail is never still.
Line 4
Sometimes, too, it may be seen in a damp meadow, or even on a lawn in a garden; and where one wagtail is, others are sure to be not very far off.
Line 5
The nest of this bird is usually placed in a hole in a river-bank, or else among the spreading roots of a tree.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

damp adjective US /dæmp/

slightly wet

From this reading “Sometimes, too, it may be seen in a damp meadow, or even on a lawn in a garden; and where one wagtail is, others are sure to be not very far off.”

gnat noun US /næt/

any of various small biting flies: midges; biting midges; black flies; sand flies

From this reading “One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.”

insect noun US /ˈɪnsekt/

small air-breathing arthropod

From this reading “One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.”

meadow noun US /ˈmedoʊ/

a field where grass or alfalfa are grown to be made into hay

From this reading “Sometimes, too, it may be seen in a damp meadow, or even on a lawn in a garden; and where one wagtail is, others are sure to be not very far off.”

noticing verb US /ˈnoʊtɪsɪŋ/

-ing form of “notice” — discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of

From this reading “One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.”

roots noun US /ruːts/

the condition of belonging to a particular place or group by virtue of social or ethnic or cultural lineage

From this reading “The nest of this bird is usually placed in a hole in a river-bank, or else among the spreading roots of a tree.”

spreading noun US /ˈspredɪŋ/

process or result of distributing or extending over a wide expanse of space

From this reading “The nest of this bird is usually placed in a hole in a river-bank, or else among the spreading roots of a tree.”

thrushes noun US /ˈθrʌʃəz/

plural of “thrush” — candidiasis of the oral cavity; seen mostly in infants or debilitated adults

From this reading “WAGTAILS, SHRIKES, THRUSHES, ETC.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

along the banks preposition + article + noun counted as “along … banks”

In this reading “One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.”

understand why verb + noun

In this reading “And one can easily understand why the name wagtail has been given to it, for no matter whether it is flying or running, its tail is never still.”

without noticing preposition + noun counted as “without notice”

In this reading “One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.”

on a lawn preposition + article + noun counted as “on … lawn”

In this reading “Sometimes, too, it may be seen in a damp meadow, or even on a lawn in a garden; and where one wagtail is, others are sure to be not very far off.”

into the air preposition + article + noun counted as “into … air”

In this reading “One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.”

in a garden preposition + article + noun counted as “in … garden”

In this reading “Sometimes, too, it may be seen in a damp meadow, or even on a lawn in a garden; and where one wagtail is, others are sure to be not very far off.”

All words in this reading · 94

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading The nest of this bird is usually placed in a hole in a river-bank, or else among the spreading roots of a tree.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Sometimes, too, it may be seen in a damp meadow, or even on a lawn in a garden; and where one wagtail is, others are sure to be not very far off.

banksnounUS /bæŋks/

English botanist who accompanied Captain Cook on his first voyage to the Pacific Ocean (1743-1820)

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Sometimes, too, it may be seen in a damp meadow, or even on a lawn in a garden; and where one wagtail is, others are sure to be not very far off.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading And one can easily understand why the name wagtail has been given to it, for no matter whether it is flying or running, its tail is never still.

birdnounUS /bɜːrd/

warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

catchverbUS /kætʃ/

discover or come upon accidentally, suddenly, or unexpectedly; catch somebody doing something or in a certain state

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

dampadjectiveUS /dæmp/

slightly wet

From this reading Sometimes, too, it may be seen in a damp meadow, or even on a lawn in a garden; and where one wagtail is, others are sure to be not very far off.

easilyadverbUS /ˈiːzəli/

with ease (“easy” is sometimes used informally for “easily”)

From this reading And one can easily understand why the name wagtail has been given to it, for no matter whether it is flying or running, its tail is never still.

edgenounUS /edʒ/

the boundary of a surface

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

else

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The nest of this bird is usually placed in a hole in a river-bank, or else among the spreading roots of a tree.

ETC

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WAGTAILS, SHRIKES, THRUSHES, ETC.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Sometimes, too, it may be seen in a damp meadow, or even on a lawn in a garden; and where one wagtail is, others are sure to be not very far off.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading Sometimes, too, it may be seen in a damp meadow, or even on a lawn in a garden; and where one wagtail is, others are sure to be not very far off.

flyverbUS /flaɪ/

travel through the air; be airborne

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

flyingadjectiveUS /ˈflaɪɪŋ/

moving swiftly

From this reading And one can easily understand why the name wagtail has been given to it, for no matter whether it is flying or running, its tail is never still.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading And one can easily understand why the name wagtail has been given to it, for no matter whether it is flying or running, its tail is never still.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

gardennounUS /ˈɡɑːrdən/

a plot of ground where plants are cultivated

From this reading Sometimes, too, it may be seen in a damp meadow, or even on a lawn in a garden; and where one wagtail is, others are sure to be not very far off.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading And one can easily understand why the name wagtail has been given to it, for no matter whether it is flying or running, its tail is never still.

gnatnounUS /næt/

any of various small biting flies: midges; biting midges; black flies; sand flies

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

gracefuladjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪsfəl/

characterized by beauty of movement, style, form, or execution

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading And one can easily understand why the name wagtail has been given to it, for no matter whether it is flying or running, its tail is never still.

herbagenoun

succulent herbaceous vegetation of pasture land

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

holenounUS /hoʊl/

an opening into or through something

From this reading The nest of this bird is usually placed in a hole in a river-bank, or else among the spreading roots of a tree.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

insectnounUS /ˈɪnsekt/

small air-breathing arthropod

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading And one can easily understand why the name wagtail has been given to it, for no matter whether it is flying or running, its tail is never still.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading And one can easily understand why the name wagtail has been given to it, for no matter whether it is flying or running, its tail is never still.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading And one can easily understand why the name wagtail has been given to it, for no matter whether it is flying or running, its tail is never still.

lawnnounUS /lɔːn/

a field of cultivated and mowed grass

From this reading Sometimes, too, it may be seen in a damp meadow, or even on a lawn in a garden; and where one wagtail is, others are sure to be not very far off.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading And one can easily understand why the name wagtail has been given to it, for no matter whether it is flying or running, its tail is never still.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Sometimes, too, it may be seen in a damp meadow, or even on a lawn in a garden; and where one wagtail is, others are sure to be not very far off.

meadownounUS /ˈmedoʊ/

a field where grass or alfalfa are grown to be made into hay

From this reading Sometimes, too, it may be seen in a damp meadow, or even on a lawn in a garden; and where one wagtail is, others are sure to be not very far off.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading And one can easily understand why the name wagtail has been given to it, for no matter whether it is flying or running, its tail is never still.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

nestnounUS /nest/

a structure in which animals lay eggs or give birth to their young

From this reading The nest of this bird is usually placed in a hole in a river-bank, or else among the spreading roots of a tree.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading And one can easily understand why the name wagtail has been given to it, for no matter whether it is flying or running, its tail is never still.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading And one can easily understand why the name wagtail has been given to it, for no matter whether it is flying or running, its tail is never still.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Sometimes, too, it may be seen in a damp meadow, or even on a lawn in a garden; and where one wagtail is, others are sure to be not very far off.

noticingverbUS /ˈnoʊtɪsɪŋ/

-ing form of “notice” — discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Sometimes, too, it may be seen in a damp meadow, or even on a lawn in a garden; and where one wagtail is, others are sure to be not very far off.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Sometimes, too, it may be seen in a damp meadow, or even on a lawn in a garden; and where one wagtail is, others are sure to be not very far off.

pickverbUS /pɪk/

select carefully from a group

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading The nest of this bird is usually placed in a hole in a river-bank, or else among the spreading roots of a tree.

prettyadjectiveUS /ˈprɪti/

pleasing by delicacy or grace; not imposing

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

risingadjectiveUS /ˈraɪzɪŋ/

advancing or becoming higher or greater in degree or value or status

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

river-bank

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The nest of this bird is usually placed in a hole in a river-bank, or else among the spreading roots of a tree.

rootsnounUS /ruːts/

the condition of belonging to a particular place or group by virtue of social or ethnic or cultural lineage

From this reading The nest of this bird is usually placed in a hole in a river-bank, or else among the spreading roots of a tree.

runningadjectiveUS /ˈrʌnɪŋ/

(of fluids) moving or issuing in a stream

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Sometimes, too, it may be seen in a damp meadow, or even on a lawn in a garden; and where one wagtail is, others are sure to be not very far off.

SHRIKES

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WAGTAILS, SHRIKES, THRUSHES, ETC.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

spreadingnounUS /ˈspredɪŋ/

process or result of distributing or extending over a wide expanse of space

From this reading The nest of this bird is usually placed in a hole in a river-bank, or else among the spreading roots of a tree.

springnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading And one can easily understand why the name wagtail has been given to it, for no matter whether it is flying or running, its tail is never still.

stoppingnounUS /ˈstɑːpɪŋ/

fastener consisting of a narrow strip of welded metal used to join steel members

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

streamnounUS /striːm/

a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

summernounUS /ˈsʌmər/

the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading Sometimes, too, it may be seen in a damp meadow, or even on a lawn in a garden; and where one wagtail is, others are sure to be not very far off.

tailnounUS /teɪl/

the posterior part of the body of a vertebrate especially when elongated and extending beyond the trunk or main part of the body

From this reading And one can easily understand why the name wagtail has been given to it, for no matter whether it is flying or running, its tail is never still.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The nest of this bird is usually placed in a hole in a river-bank, or else among the spreading roots of a tree.

THRUSHESnounUS /ˈθrʌʃəz/

plural of “thrush” — candidiasis of the oral cavity; seen mostly in infants or debilitated adults

From this reading WAGTAILS, SHRIKES, THRUSHES, ETC.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading Sometimes, too, it may be seen in a damp meadow, or even on a lawn in a garden; and where one wagtail is, others are sure to be not very far off.

treenounUS /triː/

a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading The nest of this bird is usually placed in a hole in a river-bank, or else among the spreading roots of a tree.

understandverbUS /ˌʌndərˈstænd/

know and comprehend the nature or meaning of

From this reading And one can easily understand why the name wagtail has been given to it, for no matter whether it is flying or running, its tail is never still.

usuallyadverbUS /ˈjuːʒəwəli/

under normal conditions

From this reading The nest of this bird is usually placed in a hole in a river-bank, or else among the spreading roots of a tree.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Sometimes, too, it may be seen in a damp meadow, or even on a lawn in a garden; and where one wagtail is, others are sure to be not very far off.

wagtailnoun

Old World bird having a very long tail that jerks up and down as it walks

From this reading And one can easily understand why the name wagtail has been given to it, for no matter whether it is flying or running, its tail is never still.

WAGTAILS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WAGTAILS, SHRIKES, THRUSHES, ETC.

walknounUS /wɔːk/

the act of traveling by foot

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Sometimes, too, it may be seen in a damp meadow, or even on a lawn in a garden; and where one wagtail is, others are sure to be not very far off.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading And one can easily understand why the name wagtail has been given to it, for no matter whether it is flying or running, its tail is never still.

whynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading And one can easily understand why the name wagtail has been given to it, for no matter whether it is flying or running, its tail is never still.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading One can scarcely walk along the banks of a British stream in spring or summer without noticing a pretty and graceful bird, sometimes running along near the edge of the water, and stopping every now and then to pick off an insect from the herbage, and sometimes rising into the air to catch a fly or gnat.

Chapter 23 of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V by Theodore Wood holds 135 sentences, grouped into 27 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 23 of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V contain?

Chapter 23 holds 135 sentences of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V, unabridged, divided into 27 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 23 of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V by Theodore Wood exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 135 sentences, grouped into 27 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 23 of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V?

Work through the 27 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 27 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 23 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 23 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V

Common questions about reading The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V by Theodore Wood on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V?

Yes. All 7213 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #42414 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #42414, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1443 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V section by section

How to work through The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Gibbons
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
First
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Among
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mammals
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Animal World, A Book of Natural History — Volume V; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.