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The Architectural Review and American
The Architectural Review and American

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Architectural Review and American is here in full — 488 sentences across 98 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Architectural Review and American
Context Illustration Reading 1/97 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Underscores “_” before and after a word or phrase indicate _italics_ in the original text.
Small capitals have been converted to SOLID capitals.
Illustrations have been moved so they do not break up paragraphs.
Typographical errors have been silently corrected but other variations in spelling and punctuation remain unaltered.
THE ARCHITECTURAL REVIEW AND AMERICAN BUILDERS’ JOURNAL.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Architectural Review and American

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Architectural Review and American is here in full — 488 sentences across 98 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/97 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Underscores “_” before and after a word or phrase indicate _italics_ in the original text.
/ˌʌndərˈskɔːrz bɪˈfɔːr ənd ˈæftər ə wɜːrd ɔːr freɪz ˈɪndəkeɪt aɪˈtælɪks ɪn ðə ərˈɪdʒənəl tekst/
Line 2
Small capitals have been converted to SOLID capitals.
/smɔːl ˈkæpətəlz hæv bɪn kənˈvɜːrtɪd tuː ˈsɑːləd ˈkæpətəlz/
Line 3
Illustrations have been moved so they do not break up paragraphs.
/ˌɪləˈstreɪʃənz hæv bɪn muːvd soʊ ðeɪ duː nɑːt breɪk ʌp ˈpærəɡræfs/
Line 4
Typographical errors have been silently corrected but other variations in spelling and punctuation remain unaltered.
/ˌtaɪpəˈɡræfɪkəl ˈerərz hæv bɪn ˈsaɪləntli kərˈektəd bʌt ˈʌðər ˌveriˈeɪʃənz ɪn ˈspelɪŋ ənd ˌpʌŋktʃuːˈeɪʃən rɪˈmeɪn əˈnɔːltərd/
Line 5
THE ARCHITECTURAL REVIEW AND AMERICAN BUILDERS’ JOURNAL.
/ðə ˌɑːrkəˈtektʃərəl ˌriːˈvjuː ənd əˈmerəkən ˈbɪldərz ˈdʒɜːrnəl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

architectural adjective US /ˌɑːrkəˈtektʃərəl/

of or pertaining to the art and science of architecture

From this reading “THE ARCHITECTURAL REVIEW AND AMERICAN BUILDERS’ JOURNAL.”

builders noun US /ˈbɪldərz/

plural of “builder” — a substance added to soaps or detergents to increase their cleansing action

From this reading “THE ARCHITECTURAL REVIEW AND AMERICAN BUILDERS’ JOURNAL.”

capitals noun US /ˈkæpətəlz/

plural of “capital” — assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading “Small capitals have been converted to SOLID capitals.”

italics noun US /aɪˈtælɪks/

plural of “italic” — a style of handwriting with the letters slanting to the right

paragraphs noun US /ˈpærəɡræfs/

plural of “paragraph” — one of several distinct subdivisions of a text intended to separate ideas; the beginning is usually marked by a new indented line

From this reading “Illustrations have been moved so they do not break up paragraphs.”

Typographical adjective US /ˌtaɪpəˈɡræfɪkəl/

relating to or occurring or used in typography

From this reading “Typographical errors have been silently corrected but other variations in spelling and punctuation remain unaltered.”

unaltered adjective US /əˈnɔːltərd/

remaining in an original state

From this reading “Typographical errors have been silently corrected but other variations in spelling and punctuation remain unaltered.”

Underscores noun US /ˌʌndərˈskɔːrz/

plural of “underscore” — a line drawn underneath (especially under written matter)

From this reading “Underscores “_” before and after a word or phrase indicate _italics_ in the original text.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

original text adjective + noun

In this reading “Underscores “_” before and after a word or phrase indicate _italics_ in the original text.”

Small capitals adjective + noun counted as “small capital”

a character having the form of an upper-case letter but the same height as lower-case letters

In this reading “Small capitals have been converted to SOLID capitals.”

break up verb + adjective

to cause to separate and go in different directions

In this reading “Illustrations have been moved so they do not break up paragraphs.”

All words in this reading · 46

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Underscores “_” before and after a word or phrase indicate _italics_ in the original text.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Underscores “_” before and after a word or phrase indicate _italics_ in the original text.

AMERICANnounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading THE ARCHITECTURAL REVIEW AND AMERICAN BUILDERS’ JOURNAL.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Underscores “_” before and after a word or phrase indicate _italics_ in the original text.

ARCHITECTURALadjectiveUS /ˌɑːrkəˈtektʃərəl/

of or pertaining to the art and science of architecture

From this reading THE ARCHITECTURAL REVIEW AND AMERICAN BUILDERS’ JOURNAL.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Small capitals have been converted to SOLID capitals.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Underscores “_” before and after a word or phrase indicate _italics_ in the original text.

breakverbUS /breɪk/

terminate

From this reading Illustrations have been moved so they do not break up paragraphs.

BUILDERSnounUS /ˈbɪldərz/

plural of “builder” — a substance added to soaps or detergents to increase their cleansing action

From this reading THE ARCHITECTURAL REVIEW AND AMERICAN BUILDERS’ JOURNAL.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Typographical errors have been silently corrected but other variations in spelling and punctuation remain unaltered.

capitalsnounUS /ˈkæpətəlz/

plural of “capital” — assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading Small capitals have been converted to SOLID capitals.

convertedverbUS /kənˈvɜːrtɪd/

past form of “convert” — change from one system to another or to a new plan or policy

From this reading Small capitals have been converted to SOLID capitals.

correctedadjectiveUS /kərˈektəd/

having something undesirable neutralized

From this reading Typographical errors have been silently corrected but other variations in spelling and punctuation remain unaltered.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Illustrations have been moved so they do not break up paragraphs.

errorsnounUS /ˈerərz/

plural of “error” — a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention

From this reading Typographical errors have been silently corrected but other variations in spelling and punctuation remain unaltered.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Small capitals have been converted to SOLID capitals.

IllustrationsnounUS /ˌɪləˈstreɪʃənz/

plural of “illustration” — artwork that helps make something clear or attractive

From this reading Illustrations have been moved so they do not break up paragraphs.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Underscores “_” before and after a word or phrase indicate _italics_ in the original text.

indicateverbUS /ˈɪndəkeɪt/

be a signal for or a symptom of

From this reading Underscores “_” before and after a word or phrase indicate _italics_ in the original text.

italicsnounUS /aɪˈtælɪks/

plural of “italic” — a style of handwriting with the letters slanting to the right

From this reading Underscores “_” before and after a word or phrase indicate _italics_ in the original text.

JOURNALnounUS /ˈdʒɜːrnəl/

a daily written record of (usually personal) experiences and observations

From this reading THE ARCHITECTURAL REVIEW AND AMERICAN BUILDERS’ JOURNAL.

movedadjectiveUS /muːvd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading Illustrations have been moved so they do not break up paragraphs.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Illustrations have been moved so they do not break up paragraphs.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Underscores “_” before and after a word or phrase indicate _italics_ in the original text.

originaladjectiveUS /ərˈɪdʒənəl/

preceding all others in time or being as first made or performed

From this reading Underscores “_” before and after a word or phrase indicate _italics_ in the original text.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Typographical errors have been silently corrected but other variations in spelling and punctuation remain unaltered.

paragraphsnounUS /ˈpærəɡræfs/

plural of “paragraph” — one of several distinct subdivisions of a text intended to separate ideas; the beginning is usually marked by a new indented line

From this reading Illustrations have been moved so they do not break up paragraphs.

phrasenounUS /freɪz/

an expression consisting of one or more words forming a grammatical constituent of a sentence

From this reading Underscores “_” before and after a word or phrase indicate _italics_ in the original text.

punctuationnounUS /ˌpʌŋktʃuːˈeɪʃən/

something that makes repeated and regular interruptions or divisions

From this reading Typographical errors have been silently corrected but other variations in spelling and punctuation remain unaltered.

remainverbUS /rɪˈmeɪn/

stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading Typographical errors have been silently corrected but other variations in spelling and punctuation remain unaltered.

REVIEWnounUS /ˌriːˈvjuː/

a new appraisal or evaluation

From this reading THE ARCHITECTURAL REVIEW AND AMERICAN BUILDERS’ JOURNAL.

silentlyadverbUS /ˈsaɪləntli/

without speaking

From this reading Typographical errors have been silently corrected but other variations in spelling and punctuation remain unaltered.

SmalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Small capitals have been converted to SOLID capitals.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Illustrations have been moved so they do not break up paragraphs.

SOLIDadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːləd/

characterized by good substantial quality

From this reading Small capitals have been converted to SOLID capitals.

spellingnounUS /ˈspelɪŋ/

forming words with letters according to the principles underlying accepted usage

From this reading Typographical errors have been silently corrected but other variations in spelling and punctuation remain unaltered.

textnounUS /tekst/

the words of something written

From this reading Underscores “_” before and after a word or phrase indicate _italics_ in the original text.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Underscores “_” before and after a word or phrase indicate _italics_ in the original text.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Illustrations have been moved so they do not break up paragraphs.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Small capitals have been converted to SOLID capitals.

TypographicaladjectiveUS /ˌtaɪpəˈɡræfɪkəl/

relating to or occurring or used in typography

From this reading Typographical errors have been silently corrected but other variations in spelling and punctuation remain unaltered.

unalteredadjectiveUS /əˈnɔːltərd/

remaining in an original state

From this reading Typographical errors have been silently corrected but other variations in spelling and punctuation remain unaltered.

UnderscoresnounUS /ˌʌndərˈskɔːrz/

plural of “underscore” — a line drawn underneath (especially under written matter)

From this reading Underscores “_” before and after a word or phrase indicate _italics_ in the original text.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Illustrations have been moved so they do not break up paragraphs.

variationsnounUS /ˌveriˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “variation” — an instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change

From this reading Typographical errors have been silently corrected but other variations in spelling and punctuation remain unaltered.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading Underscores “_” before and after a word or phrase indicate _italics_ in the original text.

Chapter 1 of The Architectural Review and American by Various holds 488 sentences, grouped into 98 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Architectural Review and American contain?

Chapter 1 holds 488 sentences of The Architectural Review and American, unabridged, divided into 98 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Architectural Review and American by Various exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 488 sentences, grouped into 98 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Architectural Review and American?

Work through the 98 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 98 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Architectural Review and American

Common questions about reading The Architectural Review and American by Various on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Architectural Review and American?

Yes. All 974 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #60997 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Architectural Review and American is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #60997, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Architectural Review and American take to read?

About 81 minutes of reading across 195 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Architectural Review and American section by section

How to work through The Architectural Review and American section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 2 chapters of The Architectural Review and American to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Architectural Review and American

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Architectural Review and American, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Underscores
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Architectural Review and American; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Phrase
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Architectural Review and American; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Indicate
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Architectural Review and American; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Italics
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Architectural Review and American; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.