Chapter IV · Chapter 4

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A HERO’S FALL “These four came all afront and mainly made at me.

a rapid active commotion

From this reading I made no more ado, but took their seven points on my target—thus—” Shakespeare.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A HERO’S FALL “These four came all afront and mainly made at me.

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading A HERO’S FALL “These four came all afront and mainly made at me.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The journey to Alton was eventless.

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A HERO’S FALL “These four came all afront and mainly made at me.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading A HERO’S FALL “These four came all afront and mainly made at me.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

cooking by direct exposure to radiant heat (as over a fire or under a grill)

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading I made no more ado, but took their seven points on my target—thus—” Shakespeare.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading A HERO’S FALL “These four came all afront and mainly made at me.

A soft white limestone used for marking doors, stone walls, and slate.

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

facing or experiencing financial trouble or difficulty

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

with distress

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

plural of “down” — soft fine feathers

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

tiresomely long; seemingly without end

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The journey to Alton was eventless.

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

descend in free fall under the influence of gravity

From this reading A HERO’S FALL “These four came all afront and mainly made at me.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

plural of “forester” — English writer of adventure novels featuring Captain Horatio Hornblower (1899-1966)

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading A HERO’S FALL “These four came all afront and mainly made at me.

A small part broken or separated off something larger.

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

decoration that is hung (as a tapestry) on a wall or over a window

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

only a very short time before

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

a form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

possessive form of “hero” — a man distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength

From this reading A HERO’S FALL “These four came all afront and mainly made at me.

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I made no more ado, but took their seven points on my target—thus—” Shakespeare.

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading The journey to Alton was eventless.

desert shrub of Syria and Arabia having small white flowers; constitutes the juniper of the Old Testament; sometimes placed in genus Genista

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading A HERO’S FALL “These four came all afront and mainly made at me.

for the most part

From this reading A HERO’S FALL “These four came all afront and mainly made at me.

United States poet (1869-1950)

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading A HERO’S FALL “These four came all afront and mainly made at me.

not caught with the senses or the mind

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading I made no more ado, but took their seven points on my target—thus—” Shakespeare.

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading I made no more ado, but took their seven points on my target—thus—” Shakespeare.

not any; not one

From this reading I made no more ado, but took their seven points on my target—thus—” Shakespeare.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

plural of “oak” — the hard durable wood of any oak; used especially for furniture and flooring

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

many times at short intervals

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading I made no more ado, but took their seven points on my target—thus—” Shakespeare.

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

above and across; more than

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

the rate of moving (especially walking or running)

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

breathing heavily (as after exertion)

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

plural of “point” — a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading I made no more ado, but took their seven points on my target—thus—” Shakespeare.

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

inflected form of “sink” — fall or descend to a lower place or level

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

the cardinal number that is the sum of six and one

From this reading I made no more ado, but took their seven points on my target—thus—” Shakespeare.

relative darkness caused by light rays being intercepted by an opaque body

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

From this reading I made no more ado, but took their seven points on my target—thus—” Shakespeare.

past form of “slacken” — become slow or slower

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

not moving quickly; taking a comparatively long time

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

characterized by or preferring solitude

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

to a great degree

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

feeling or expressing regret or sorrow or a sense of loss over something done or undone

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

the season of growth

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

a following of one thing after another in time

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

a reference point to shoot at

From this reading I made no more ado, but took their seven points on my target—thus—” Shakespeare.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The journey to Alton was eventless.

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading I made no more ado, but took their seven points on my target—thus—” Shakespeare.

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading A HERO’S FALL “These four came all afront and mainly made at me.

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

something that causes irritation and annoyance

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

in spite of the fact that

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading I made no more ado, but took their seven points on my target—thus—” Shakespeare.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The journey to Alton was eventless.

past form of “toil” — work hard

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

a mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane and located in the oral cavity

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading I made no more ado, but took their seven points on my target—thus—” Shakespeare.

past form of “wait” — stay in one place and anticipate or expect something

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

feel or have a desire for; want strongly

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The journey to Alton was eventless.

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

which person or people

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

in the company of; together with

From this reading Every now and then he lay down, panting distressfully, with his tongue hanging out, and his young masters always waited for him, often themselves not sorry to rest in the fragment of shade from a solitary thorn or juniper.

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading It was slow, for the day was a broiling one, and the young foresters missed their oaks and beeches, as they toiled over the chalk downs that rose and sank in endless succession; though they would hardly have slackened their pace if it had not been for poor old Spring, who was sorely distressed by the heat and the want of water on the downs.