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The art of travel
The art of travel

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The art of travel is here in full — 416 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Butter, to preserve.--Boil it in a large vessel till the scum rises.
Skim this off as fast as it appears on the surface, until the butter remains quite clear, like oil.
It should then be carefully poured off, that the impurities which settle at the bottom of the vessel may be separated.
The clarified butter is to be put aside to be kept, the settlings must be used for common and immediate purposes.
Butter is churned, in many countries, by twirling a forked stick, held between the two hands, in a vessel full of cream; or even by shaking the cream in a bottle.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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The art of travel

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The art of travel is here in full — 416 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Butter, to preserve.--Boil it in a large vessel till the scum rises.
Line 2
Skim this off as fast as it appears on the surface, until the butter remains quite clear, like oil.
/skɪm ðɪs ɔːf æz fæst æz ɪt əˈpɪrz ɑːn ðə ˈsɜːrfəs ənˈtɪl ðə ˈbʌtər rɪˈmeɪnz kwaɪt klɪr laɪk ɔɪl/
Line 3
It should then be carefully poured off, that the impurities which settle at the bottom of the vessel may be separated.
/ɪt ʃʊd ðen biː ˈkerfəli pɔːrd ɔːf ðæt ðə ˌɪmˈpjʊrətiz wɪtʃ ˈsetəl æt ðə ˈbɑːtəm ʌv ðə ˈvesəl meɪ biː ˈsepəreɪtɪd/
Line 4
The clarified butter is to be put aside to be kept, the settlings must be used for common and immediate purposes.
Line 5
Butter is churned, in many countries, by twirling a forked stick, held between the two hands, in a vessel full of cream; or even by shaking the cream in a bottle.
/ˈbʌtər ɪz tʃɜːrnd ɪn ˈmeni ˈkʌntriz baɪ ˈtwɜːrlɪŋ ə fɔːrkt stɪk held bɪˈtwiːn ðə tuː hændz ɪn ə ˈvesəl fʊl ʌv kriːm ɔːr ˈiːvɪn baɪ ˈʃeɪkɪŋ ðə kriːm ɪn ə ˈbɑːtəl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Boil verb US /bɔɪl/

come to the boiling point and change from a liquid to vapor

From this reading “Butter, to preserve.--Boil it in a large vessel till the scum rises.”

churned verb US /tʃɜːrnd/

past form of “churn” — stir (cream) vigorously in order to make butter

From this reading “Butter is churned, in many countries, by twirling a forked stick, held between the two hands, in a vessel full of cream; or even by shaking the cream in a bottle.”

clarified verb US /ˈklerəfaɪd/

inflected form of “clarify” — make clear and (more) comprehensible

From this reading “The clarified butter is to be put aside to be kept, the settlings must be used for common and immediate purposes.”

forked adjective US /fɔːrkt/

resembling a fork; divided or separated into two branches

From this reading “Butter is churned, in many countries, by twirling a forked stick, held between the two hands, in a vessel full of cream; or even by shaking the cream in a bottle.”

impurities noun US /ˌɪmˈpjʊrətiz/

plural of “impurity” — worthless or dangerous material that should be removed

From this reading “It should then be carefully poured off, that the impurities which settle at the bottom of the vessel may be separated.”

scum noun US /skʌm/

worthless people

From this reading “Butter, to preserve.--Boil it in a large vessel till the scum rises.”

Skim verb US /skɪm/

travel on the surface of water

From this reading “Skim this off as fast as it appears on the surface, until the butter remains quite clear, like oil.”

twirling verb US /ˈtwɜːrlɪŋ/

-ing form of “twirl” — turn in a twisting or spinning motion

From this reading “Butter is churned, in many countries, by twirling a forked stick, held between the two hands, in a vessel full of cream; or even by shaking the cream in a bottle.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Butter, to preserve.--Boil it in a large vessel till the scum rises.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The clarified butter is to be put aside to be kept, the settlings must be used for common and immediate purposes.

appearsverbUS /əˈpɪrz/

third-person singular of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Skim this off as fast as it appears on the surface, until the butter remains quite clear, like oil.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Skim this off as fast as it appears on the surface, until the butter remains quite clear, like oil.

asideadverbUS /əˈsaɪd/

on or to one side

From this reading The clarified butter is to be put aside to be kept, the settlings must be used for common and immediate purposes.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It should then be carefully poured off, that the impurities which settle at the bottom of the vessel may be separated.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It should then be carefully poured off, that the impurities which settle at the bottom of the vessel may be separated.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Butter is churned, in many countries, by twirling a forked stick, held between the two hands, in a vessel full of cream; or even by shaking the cream in a bottle.

BoilverbUS /bɔɪl/

come to the boiling point and change from a liquid to vapor

From this reading Butter, to preserve.--Boil it in a large vessel till the scum rises.

bottlenounUS /ˈbɑːtəl/

a glass or plastic vessel used for storing drinks or other liquids; typically cylindrical without handles and with a narrow neck that can be plugged or capped

From this reading Butter is churned, in many countries, by twirling a forked stick, held between the two hands, in a vessel full of cream; or even by shaking the cream in a bottle.

bottomnounUS /ˈbɑːtəm/

the lower side of anything

From this reading It should then be carefully poured off, that the impurities which settle at the bottom of the vessel may be separated.

ButternounUS /ˈbʌtər/

an edible emulsion of fat globules made by churning milk or cream; for cooking and table use

From this reading Butter, to preserve.--Boil it in a large vessel till the scum rises.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Butter is churned, in many countries, by twirling a forked stick, held between the two hands, in a vessel full of cream; or even by shaking the cream in a bottle.

carefullyadverbUS /ˈkerfəli/

taking care or paying attention

From this reading It should then be carefully poured off, that the impurities which settle at the bottom of the vessel may be separated.

churnedverbUS /tʃɜːrnd/

past form of “churn” — stir (cream) vigorously in order to make butter

From this reading Butter is churned, in many countries, by twirling a forked stick, held between the two hands, in a vessel full of cream; or even by shaking the cream in a bottle.

clarifiedverbUS /ˈklerəfaɪd/

inflected form of “clarify” — make clear and (more) comprehensible

From this reading The clarified butter is to be put aside to be kept, the settlings must be used for common and immediate purposes.

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading Skim this off as fast as it appears on the surface, until the butter remains quite clear, like oil.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading The clarified butter is to be put aside to be kept, the settlings must be used for common and immediate purposes.

countriesnounUS /ˈkʌntriz/

plural of “country” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Butter is churned, in many countries, by twirling a forked stick, held between the two hands, in a vessel full of cream; or even by shaking the cream in a bottle.

creamnounUS /kriːm/

the best people or things in a group

From this reading Butter is churned, in many countries, by twirling a forked stick, held between the two hands, in a vessel full of cream; or even by shaking the cream in a bottle.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Butter is churned, in many countries, by twirling a forked stick, held between the two hands, in a vessel full of cream; or even by shaking the cream in a bottle.

fastadverbUS /fæst/

quickly or rapidly (often used as a combining form)

From this reading Skim this off as fast as it appears on the surface, until the butter remains quite clear, like oil.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The clarified butter is to be put aside to be kept, the settlings must be used for common and immediate purposes.

forkedadjectiveUS /fɔːrkt/

resembling a fork; divided or separated into two branches

From this reading Butter is churned, in many countries, by twirling a forked stick, held between the two hands, in a vessel full of cream; or even by shaking the cream in a bottle.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading Butter is churned, in many countries, by twirling a forked stick, held between the two hands, in a vessel full of cream; or even by shaking the cream in a bottle.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading Butter is churned, in many countries, by twirling a forked stick, held between the two hands, in a vessel full of cream; or even by shaking the cream in a bottle.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading Butter is churned, in many countries, by twirling a forked stick, held between the two hands, in a vessel full of cream; or even by shaking the cream in a bottle.

immediateadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈmiːdiːət/

of the present time and place

From this reading The clarified butter is to be put aside to be kept, the settlings must be used for common and immediate purposes.

impuritiesnounUS /ˌɪmˈpjʊrətiz/

plural of “impurity” — worthless or dangerous material that should be removed

From this reading It should then be carefully poured off, that the impurities which settle at the bottom of the vessel may be separated.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Butter, to preserve.--Boil it in a large vessel till the scum rises.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The clarified butter is to be put aside to be kept, the settlings must be used for common and immediate purposes.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Butter, to preserve.--Boil it in a large vessel till the scum rises.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading The clarified butter is to be put aside to be kept, the settlings must be used for common and immediate purposes.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Butter, to preserve.--Boil it in a large vessel till the scum rises.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Skim this off as fast as it appears on the surface, until the butter remains quite clear, like oil.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Butter is churned, in many countries, by twirling a forked stick, held between the two hands, in a vessel full of cream; or even by shaking the cream in a bottle.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading It should then be carefully poured off, that the impurities which settle at the bottom of the vessel may be separated.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading The clarified butter is to be put aside to be kept, the settlings must be used for common and immediate purposes.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It should then be carefully poured off, that the impurities which settle at the bottom of the vessel may be separated.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Skim this off as fast as it appears on the surface, until the butter remains quite clear, like oil.

oilnounUS /ɔɪl/

A viscous liquid derived from petroleum or plants, stored in large earthen jars.

From this reading Skim this off as fast as it appears on the surface, until the butter remains quite clear, like oil.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Skim this off as fast as it appears on the surface, until the butter remains quite clear, like oil.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Butter is churned, in many countries, by twirling a forked stick, held between the two hands, in a vessel full of cream; or even by shaking the cream in a bottle.

pouredverbUS /pɔːrd/

past form of “pour” — cause to run

From this reading It should then be carefully poured off, that the impurities which settle at the bottom of the vessel may be separated.

preserveverbUS /prəˈzɜːrv/

keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last

From this reading Butter, to preserve.--Boil it in a large vessel till the scum rises.

purposesnounUS /ˈpɜːrpəsəz/

plural of “purpose” — an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading The clarified butter is to be put aside to be kept, the settlings must be used for common and immediate purposes.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The clarified butter is to be put aside to be kept, the settlings must be used for common and immediate purposes.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading Skim this off as fast as it appears on the surface, until the butter remains quite clear, like oil.

remainsnounUS /rɪˈmeɪnz/

any object that is left unused or still extant

From this reading Skim this off as fast as it appears on the surface, until the butter remains quite clear, like oil.

risesnounUS /ˈraɪzəz/

plural of “rise” — a growth in strength or number or importance

From this reading Butter, to preserve.--Boil it in a large vessel till the scum rises.

scumnounUS /skʌm/

worthless people

From this reading Butter, to preserve.--Boil it in a large vessel till the scum rises.

separatedadjectiveUS /ˈsepəreɪtɪd/

being or feeling set or kept apart from others

From this reading It should then be carefully poured off, that the impurities which settle at the bottom of the vessel may be separated.

settleverbUS /ˈsetəl/

settle into a position, usually on a surface or ground

From this reading It should then be carefully poured off, that the impurities which settle at the bottom of the vessel may be separated.

settlingsnoun

sediment that has settled at the bottom of a liquid

From this reading The clarified butter is to be put aside to be kept, the settlings must be used for common and immediate purposes.

shakingnounUS /ˈʃeɪkɪŋ/

the act of causing something to move up and down (or back and forth) with quick movements

From this reading Butter is churned, in many countries, by twirling a forked stick, held between the two hands, in a vessel full of cream; or even by shaking the cream in a bottle.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading It should then be carefully poured off, that the impurities which settle at the bottom of the vessel may be separated.

SkimverbUS /skɪm/

travel on the surface of water

From this reading Skim this off as fast as it appears on the surface, until the butter remains quite clear, like oil.

stickverbUS /stɪk/

put, fix, force, or implant

From this reading Butter is churned, in many countries, by twirling a forked stick, held between the two hands, in a vessel full of cream; or even by shaking the cream in a bottle.

surfacenounUS /ˈsɜːrfəs/

the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary

From this reading Skim this off as fast as it appears on the surface, until the butter remains quite clear, like oil.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It should then be carefully poured off, that the impurities which settle at the bottom of the vessel may be separated.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Butter, to preserve.--Boil it in a large vessel till the scum rises.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading It should then be carefully poured off, that the impurities which settle at the bottom of the vessel may be separated.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Skim this off as fast as it appears on the surface, until the butter remains quite clear, like oil.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Butter, to preserve.--Boil it in a large vessel till the scum rises.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Butter, to preserve.--Boil it in a large vessel till the scum rises.

twirlingverbUS /ˈtwɜːrlɪŋ/

-ing form of “twirl” — turn in a twisting or spinning motion

From this reading Butter is churned, in many countries, by twirling a forked stick, held between the two hands, in a vessel full of cream; or even by shaking the cream in a bottle.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Butter is churned, in many countries, by twirling a forked stick, held between the two hands, in a vessel full of cream; or even by shaking the cream in a bottle.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Skim this off as fast as it appears on the surface, until the butter remains quite clear, like oil.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading The clarified butter is to be put aside to be kept, the settlings must be used for common and immediate purposes.

vesselnounUS /ˈvesəl/

a tube in which a body fluid circulates

From this reading Butter, to preserve.--Boil it in a large vessel till the scum rises.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It should then be carefully poured off, that the impurities which settle at the bottom of the vessel may be separated.

Chapter 8 of The art of travel by Francis Galton holds 416 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The art of travel contain?

Chapter 8 holds 416 sentences of The art of travel, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The art of travel by Francis Galton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 416 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The art of travel?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Chapter 1
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