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The Ayrshire Legatees
The Ayrshire Legatees

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Ayrshire Legatees is here in full — 30 sentences across 6 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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_The Rev. Dr. Pringle to Mr. Micklewham_, _Schoolmaster and Session-Clerk_, _Garnock_ EDINBURGH.
DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.
He is surely a great orthodox divine, but rather costive in his delivery.
In the afternoon we heard a correct moral lecture on good works, in another church, from Dr. Eastlight--a plain man, with a genteel congregation.
The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Ayrshire Legatees

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Ayrshire Legatees is here in full — 30 sentences across 6 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/6 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_The Rev. Dr. Pringle to Mr. Micklewham_, _Schoolmaster and Session-Clerk_, _Garnock_ EDINBURGH.
Line 2
DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.
Line 3
He is surely a great orthodox divine, but rather costive in his delivery.
Line 4
In the afternoon we heard a correct moral lecture on good works, in another church, from Dr. Eastlight--a plain man, with a genteel congregation.
Line 5
The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

communion noun US /kəˈmjuːnjən/

the act of participating in the celebration of the Eucharist

From this reading “The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.”

conveyance noun US /kənˈveɪəns/

document effecting a property transfer

From this reading “DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.”

edification noun US /ˌedəfəˈkeɪʃən/

uplifting enlightenment

From this reading “DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.”

lengthen verb US /ˈleŋθən/

make longer

From this reading “The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.”

Nehemiah noun US /ˌniːəˈmaɪə/

an Old Testament book telling how a Jewish official at the court of Artaxerxes I in 444 BC became a leader in rebuilding Jerusalem after the Babylonian Captivity

From this reading “DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.”

obligated adjective US /ˈɑːbləɡeɪtɪd/

caused by law or conscience to follow a certain course

From this reading “DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.”

orthodox adjective US /ˈɔːrθədɑːks/

of or pertaining to or characteristic of Judaism

From this reading “He is surely a great orthodox divine, but rather costive in his delivery.”

weighty adjective US /ˈweɪti/

having relatively great weight; heavy

From this reading “DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.”

All words in this reading · 105

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.

afternoonnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading In the afternoon we heard a correct moral lecture on good works, in another church, from Dr. Eastlight--a plain man, with a genteel congregation.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading _The Rev. Dr. Pringle to Mr. Micklewham_, _Schoolmaster and Session-Clerk_, _Garnock_ EDINBURGH.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading In the afternoon we heard a correct moral lecture on good works, in another church, from Dr. Eastlight--a plain man, with a genteel congregation.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

bringingnounUS /ˈbrɪŋɪŋ/

the act of delivering or distributing something (as goods or mail)

From this reading The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

chapternounUS /ˈtʃæptər/

a subdivision of a written work; usually numbered and titled

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

churchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading In the afternoon we heard a correct moral lecture on good works, in another church, from Dr. Eastlight--a plain man, with a genteel congregation.

communionnounUS /kəˈmjuːnjən/

the act of participating in the celebration of the Eucharist

From this reading The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.

congregationnounUS /ˌkɑːŋɡrəˈɡeɪʃən/

a group of people who adhere to a common faith and habitually attend a given church

From this reading In the afternoon we heard a correct moral lecture on good works, in another church, from Dr. Eastlight--a plain man, with a genteel congregation.

conveyancenounUS /kənˈveɪəns/

document effecting a property transfer

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

correctverbUS /kərˈekt/

make right or correct

From this reading In the afternoon we heard a correct moral lecture on good works, in another church, from Dr. Eastlight--a plain man, with a genteel congregation.

costiveadjective

retarding evacuation of feces; binding; constipating

From this reading He is surely a great orthodox divine, but rather costive in his delivery.

DEARadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

deliverynounUS /dɪˈlɪvəri/

the act of delivering or distributing something (as goods or mail)

From this reading He is surely a great orthodox divine, but rather costive in his delivery.

difficultiesnounUS /ˈdɪfəkəltiz/

plural of “difficulty” — an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

divineadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaɪn/

emanating from God

From this reading He is surely a great orthodox divine, but rather costive in his delivery.

Dr

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _The Rev. Dr. Pringle to Mr. Micklewham_, _Schoolmaster and Session-Clerk_, _Garnock_ EDINBURGH.

Drystour

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

Eastlight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the afternoon we heard a correct moral lecture on good works, in another church, from Dr. Eastlight--a plain man, with a genteel congregation.

edificationnounUS /ˌedəfəˈkeɪʃən/

uplifting enlightenment

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

EDINBURGHnounUS /ˈedənbəroʊ/

the capital of Scotland; located in the Lothian Region on the south side of the Firth of Forth

From this reading _The Rev. Dr. Pringle to Mr. Micklewham_, _Schoolmaster and Session-Clerk_, _Garnock_ EDINBURGH.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.

fashionnounUS /ˈfæʃən/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

forenoonnoun

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

Garnock

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _The Rev. Dr. Pringle to Mr. Micklewham_, _Schoolmaster and Session-Clerk_, _Garnock_ EDINBURGH.

genteeladjectiveUS /dʒenˈtiːl/

marked by refinement in taste and manners

From this reading In the afternoon we heard a correct moral lecture on good works, in another church, from Dr. Eastlight--a plain man, with a genteel congregation.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading In the afternoon we heard a correct moral lecture on good works, in another church, from Dr. Eastlight--a plain man, with a genteel congregation.

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading He is surely a great orthodox divine, but rather costive in his delivery.

Greenock

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He is surely a great orthodox divine, but rather costive in his delivery.

hearverbUS /hiːr/

perceive (sound) via the auditory sense

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading In the afternoon we heard a correct moral lecture on good works, in another church, from Dr. Eastlight--a plain man, with a genteel congregation.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He is surely a great orthodox divine, but rather costive in his delivery.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He is surely a great orthodox divine, but rather costive in his delivery.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

lectureverbUS /ˈlektʃər/

deliver a lecture or talk

From this reading In the afternoon we heard a correct moral lecture on good works, in another church, from Dr. Eastlight--a plain man, with a genteel congregation.

lengthnounUS /leŋkθ/

the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

lengthenverbUS /ˈleŋθən/

make longer

From this reading The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading In the afternoon we heard a correct moral lecture on good works, in another church, from Dr. Eastlight--a plain man, with a genteel congregation.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

Micklewham

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _The Rev. Dr. Pringle to Mr. Micklewham_, _Schoolmaster and Session-Clerk_, _Garnock_ EDINBURGH.

moraladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrəl/

concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles

From this reading In the afternoon we heard a correct moral lecture on good works, in another church, from Dr. Eastlight--a plain man, with a genteel congregation.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading _The Rev. Dr. Pringle to Mr. Micklewham_, _Schoolmaster and Session-Clerk_, _Garnock_ EDINBURGH.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.

NehemiahnounUS /ˌniːəˈmaɪə/

an Old Testament book telling how a Jewish official at the court of Artaxerxes I in 444 BC became a leader in rebuilding Jerusalem after the Babylonian Captivity

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

obligatedadjectiveUS /ˈɑːbləɡeɪtɪd/

caused by law or conscience to follow a certain course

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

orthodoxadjectiveUS /ˈɔːrθədɑːks/

of or pertaining to or characteristic of Judaism

From this reading He is surely a great orthodox divine, but rather costive in his delivery.

plainadjectiveUS /pleɪn/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading In the afternoon we heard a correct moral lecture on good works, in another church, from Dr. Eastlight--a plain man, with a genteel congregation.

pleasantadjectiveUS /ˈplezənt/

affording pleasure; being in harmony with your taste or likings

From this reading The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.

Pringle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _The Rev. Dr. Pringle to Mr. Micklewham_, _Schoolmaster and Session-Clerk_, _Garnock_ EDINBURGH.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading He is surely a great orthodox divine, but rather costive in his delivery.

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

RevverbUS /rev/

increase the number of rotations per minute

From this reading _The Rev. Dr. Pringle to Mr. Micklewham_, _Schoolmaster and Session-Clerk_, _Garnock_ EDINBURGH.

SabbathnounUS /ˈsæbəθ/

a day of rest and worship: Sunday for most Christians; Saturday for the Jews and a few Christians; Friday for Muslims

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.

SchoolmasternounUS /ˈskuːlmæstər/

presiding officer of a school

From this reading _The Rev. Dr. Pringle to Mr. Micklewham_, _Schoolmaster and Session-Clerk_, _Garnock_ EDINBURGH.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

sederunt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.

sermonnounUS /ˈsɜːrmən/

an address of a religious nature (usually delivered during a church service)

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

Session-Clerk

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _The Rev. Dr. Pringle to Mr. Micklewham_, _Schoolmaster and Session-Clerk_, _Garnock_ EDINBURGH.

SIRnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

stopverbUS /stɑːp/

come to a halt, stop moving

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

suppernounUS /ˈsʌpər/

a light evening meal; served in early evening if dinner is at midday or served late in the evening at bedtime

From this reading The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.

surelyadverbUS /ˈʃʊrli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading He is surely a great orthodox divine, but rather costive in his delivery.

tendencynounUS /ˈtendənsi/

an attitude of mind especially one that favors one alternative over others

From this reading The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.

tenthnounUS /tenθ/

a tenth part; one part in ten equal parts

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _The Rev. Dr. Pringle to Mr. Micklewham_, _Schoolmaster and Session-Clerk_, _Garnock_ EDINBURGH.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _The Rev. Dr. Pringle to Mr. Micklewham_, _Schoolmaster and Session-Clerk_, _Garnock_ EDINBURGH.

toddy-bowl

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.

travelverbUS /ˈtrævəl/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

unseasonableadjective

not in keeping with (and usually undesirable for) the season

From this reading The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

wealthyadjectiveUS /ˈwelθi/

having an abundant supply of money or possessions of value

From this reading The same night we took supper with a wealthy family, where we had much pleasant communion together, although the bringing in of the toddy-bowl after supper is a fashion that has a tendency to lengthen the sederunt to unseasonable hours.

weightyadjectiveUS /ˈweɪti/

having relatively great weight; heavy

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading In the afternoon we heard a correct moral lecture on good works, in another church, from Dr. Eastlight--a plain man, with a genteel congregation.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading DEAR SIR--We have got this length through many difficulties, both in the travel by land to, and by sea and land from Greenock, where we were obligated, by reason of no conveyance, to stop the Sabbath, but not without edification; for we went to hear Dr. Drystour in the forenoon, who had a most weighty sermon on the tenth chapter of Nehemiah.

worksnounUS /wɜːrks/

buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading In the afternoon we heard a correct moral lecture on good works, in another church, from Dr. Eastlight--a plain man, with a genteel congregation.

Chapter 4 of The Ayrshire Legatees by John Galt holds 30 sentences, grouped into 6 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Ayrshire Legatees contain?

Chapter 4 holds 30 sentences of The Ayrshire Legatees, unabridged, divided into 6 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Ayrshire Legatees by John Galt exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 30 sentences, grouped into 6 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Ayrshire Legatees?

Work through the 6 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 6 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Ayrshire Legatees

Common questions about reading The Ayrshire Legatees by John Galt on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Ayrshire Legatees?

Yes. All 1263 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1384 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Ayrshire Legatees is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1384, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Ayrshire Legatees take to read?

About 105 minutes of reading across 253 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Ayrshire Legatees section by section

How to work through The Ayrshire Legatees section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 37 chapters of The Ayrshire Legatees to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Ayrshire Legatees

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Ayrshire Legatees, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Year's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ayrshire Legatees; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pringle
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ayrshire Legatees; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Received
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ayrshire Legatees; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Letter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ayrshire Legatees; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.