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The Ayrshire Legatees
The Ayrshire Legatees

Chapter XXVII · Chapter 27

Chapter 27 of The Ayrshire Legatees is here in full — 64 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/12 · 5 lines
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_Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.
Compared with the English of the country, there is apparently very little difference between them; but still there is a difference, and of no small importance in a moral point of view.
The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.
The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.
This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Ayrshire Legatees

Chapter XXVII · Chapter 27

Chapter 27 of The Ayrshire Legatees is here in full — 64 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/12 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.
Line 2
Compared with the English of the country, there is apparently very little difference between them; but still there is a difference, and of no small importance in a moral point of view.
/kəmˈperd wɪð ðə ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ ʌv ðə ˈkʌntri ðer ɪz əˈperəntli ˈveri ˈlɪtəl ˈdɪfərəns bɪˈtwiːn ðem bʌt stɪl ðer ɪz ə ˈdɪfərəns ənd ʌv noʊ smɔːl ˌɪmˈpɔːrtəns ɪn ə ˈmɔːrəl pɔɪnt ʌv vjuː/
Line 3
The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.
Line 4
The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.
Line 5
This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.
/ðɪs ˈmɔːrəl teɪnt fɔːr aɪ kæn kənˈsɪdər ɪt æz ˈnʌθɪŋ les aɪ hæv hɜːrd dɪˈfendəd bʌt ˈoʊnli baɪ men huː ɑːr səˈpoʊzd tuː hæv hæd ə lɑːrdʒ ɪkˈspɪriəns ʌv ðə wɜːrld ənd huː pərˈhæps ɑːn ðæt əˈkaʊnt ɑːr nɑːt ðə best ˈdʒʌdʒɪz ʌv ˈfiːmeɪl ˈdeləkəsi/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

amazes verb US /əˈmeɪzɪz/

third-person singular of “amaze” — affect with wonder

From this reading “The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.”

describable adjective US /dɪˈskraɪbəbəl/

capable of being described

From this reading “The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.”

erring adjective US /ˈerɪŋ/

capable of making an error

From this reading “The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.”

injuring verb US /ˈɪndʒərɪŋ/

-ing form of “injure” — cause injuries or bodily harm to

From this reading “The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.”

peach noun US /piːtʃ/

cultivated in temperate regions

From this reading “The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.”

satirists noun US /ˈsætərəsts/

plural of “satirist” — a humorist who uses ridicule and irony and sarcasm

From this reading “The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.”

taint noun US /teɪnt/

the state of being contaminated

From this reading “This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.”

varnish noun US /ˈvɑːrnɪʃ/

a coating that provides a hard, lustrous, transparent finish to a surface

From this reading “The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.”

All words in this reading · 162

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

accountnounUS /əˈkaʊnt/

a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

affordsverbUS /əˈfɔːrdz/

third-person singular of “afford” — be able to spare or give up

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

amazesverbUS /əˈmeɪzɪz/

third-person singular of “amaze” — affect with wonder

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

AndrewnounUS /ˈændruː/

(New Testament) disciple of Jesus; brother of Peter; patron saint of Scotland

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

apparentlyadverbUS /əˈperəntli/

from appearances alone

From this reading Compared with the English of the country, there is apparently very little difference between them; but still there is a difference, and of no small importance in a moral point of view.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

beautynounUS /ˈbjuːti/

the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Compared with the English of the country, there is apparently very little difference between them; but still there is a difference, and of no small importance in a moral point of view.

bloomnounUS /bluːm/

the organic process of bearing flowers

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

bringsverbUS /brɪŋz/

third-person singular of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

CharlesnounUS /tʃɑːrlz/

King of France from 1560 to 1574 whose reign was dominated by his mother Catherine de Medicis (1550-1574)

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

chasteadjectiveUS /tʃeɪst/

morally pure (especially not having experienced sexual intercourse)

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

coloursnounUS /ˈkʌlərz/

a distinguishing emblem

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

communitynounUS /kəˈmjuːnəti/

a group of people living in a particular local area

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

ComparedverbUS /kəmˈperd/

past form of “compare” — examine and note the similarities or differences of

From this reading Compared with the English of the country, there is apparently very little difference between them; but still there is a difference, and of no small importance in a moral point of view.

conductverbUS /ˈkɑːndəkt/

direct the course of; manage or control

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

considerverbUS /kənˈsɪdər/

deem to be

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

conveyverbUS /kənˈveɪ/

(of information) make known; pass on

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Compared with the English of the country, there is apparently very little difference between them; but still there is a difference, and of no small importance in a moral point of view.

DEARadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

defendedverbUS /dɪˈfendəd/

past form of “defend” — argue or speak in defense of

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

delicacynounUS /ˈdeləkəsi/

the quality of being beautiful and delicate in appearance

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

describableadjectiveUS /dɪˈskraɪbəbəl/

capable of being described

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

differencenounUS /ˈdɪfərəns/

the quality of being unlike or dissimilar

From this reading Compared with the English of the country, there is apparently very little difference between them; but still there is a difference, and of no small importance in a moral point of view.

difficultadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfəkəlt/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading Compared with the English of the country, there is apparently very little difference between them; but still there is a difference, and of no small importance in a moral point of view.

erringadjectiveUS /ˈerɪŋ/

capable of making an error

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

Esqnoun

a title of respect for a member of the English gentry ranking just below a knight; placed after the name

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

examplenounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəl/

an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

excitedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsaɪtəd/

(of persons) excessively affected by emotion

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

experienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

extremelyadverbUS /ekˈstriːmli/

to a high degree or extent; favorably or with much respect

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

feelingsnounUS /ˈfiːlɪŋz/

emotional or moral sensitivity (especially in relation to personal principles or dignity)

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

femaleadjectiveUS /ˈfiːmeɪl/

being the sex (of plant or animal) that produces fertilizable gametes (ova) from which offspring develop

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

fingersnounUS /ˈfɪŋɡərz/

plural of “finger” — any of the terminal members of the hand (sometimes excepting the thumb)

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

freelyadverbUS /ˈfriːli/

in a free manner

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

freshnessnounUS /ˈfreʃnəs/

the property of being pure and fresh (as if newly made); not stale or deteriorated

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

FRIENDnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

gracenounUS /ɡreɪs/

(Christian theology) a state of sanctification by God; the state of one who is under such divine influence

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

handledadjectiveUS /ˈhændəld/

having a usually specified type of handle

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

importancenounUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtəns/

the quality of being important and worthy of note

From this reading Compared with the English of the country, there is apparently very little difference between them; but still there is a difference, and of no small importance in a moral point of view.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

infancynounUS /ˈɪnfənsi/

the early stage of growth or development

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

inhabitantsnounUS /ɪnˈhæbətənts/

plural of “inhabitant” — a person who inhabits a particular place

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

injuringverbUS /ˈɪndʒərɪŋ/

-ing form of “injure” — cause injuries or bodily harm to

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

innocentadjectiveUS /ˈɪnəsənt/

free from evil or guilt

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

instancenounUS /ˈɪnstəns/

an occurrence of something

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

judgesnounUS /ˈdʒʌdʒɪz/

a book of the Old Testament that tells the history of Israel under the leaders known as judges

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Compared with the English of the country, there is apparently very little difference between them; but still there is a difference, and of no small importance in a moral point of view.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

moraladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrəl/

concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles

From this reading Compared with the English of the country, there is apparently very little difference between them; but still there is a difference, and of no small importance in a moral point of view.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

MYdeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Compared with the English of the country, there is apparently very little difference between them; but still there is a difference, and of no small importance in a moral point of view.

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

onesnounUS /wʌnz/

plural of “one” — the smallest whole number or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

peachnounUS /piːtʃ/

cultivated in temperate regions

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

peculiaritynounUS /pɪˌkjuːliˈerəti/

an odd or unusual characteristic

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

picturenounUS /ˈpɪktʃər/

a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

plumbverbUS /plʌm/

measure the depth of something

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading Compared with the English of the country, there is apparently very little difference between them; but still there is a difference, and of no small importance in a moral point of view.

possessverbUS /pəˈzes/

have as an attribute, knowledge, or skill

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

principlenounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

Pringle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

qualitynounUS /ˈkwɑːləti/

an essential and distinguishing attribute of something or someone

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

ReverendnounUS /ˈrevərənd/

a member of the clergy and a spiritual leader of the Christian Church

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

rudelyadverbUS /ˈruːdli/

in an impolite manner

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

satiristsnounUS /ˈsætərəsts/

plural of “satirist” — a humorist who uses ridicule and irony and sarcasm

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

sexnounUS /seks/

activities associated with sexual intercourse

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

simplicitynounUS /sɪmˈplɪsəti/

the quality of being simple or uncompounded

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

sistersnounUS /ˈsɪstərz/

plural of “sister” — a female person who has the same parents as another person

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Compared with the English of the country, there is apparently very little difference between them; but still there is a difference, and of no small importance in a moral point of view.

Snodgrass

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

speakverbUS /spiːk/

express in speech

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

specimensnounUS /ˈspesəmənz/

plural of “specimen” — an example regarded as typical of its class

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Compared with the English of the country, there is apparently very little difference between them; but still there is a difference, and of no small importance in a moral point of view.

supposedadjectiveUS /səˈpoʊzd/

required or under orders

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

taintnounUS /teɪnt/

the state of being contaminated

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Compared with the English of the country, there is apparently very little difference between them; but still there is a difference, and of no small importance in a moral point of view.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

touchverbUS /tʌtʃ/

make physical contact with, come in contact with

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

townish

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

undoubtedlyadverbUS /ənˈdaʊtɪdli/

without doubt; certainly

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

unpleasantadjectiveUS /ənˈplezənt/

offensive or disagreeable; causing discomfort or unhappiness

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

untempted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

varnishnounUS /ˈvɑːrnɪʃ/

a coating that provides a hard, lustrous, transparent finish to a surface

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Compared with the English of the country, there is apparently very little difference between them; but still there is a difference, and of no small importance in a moral point of view.

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading Compared with the English of the country, there is apparently very little difference between them; but still there is a difference, and of no small importance in a moral point of view.

virginnounUS /ˈvɜːrdʒɪn/

a person who has never had sex

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

virtuenounUS /ˈvɝː.tʃuː/

Moral excellence and goodness of character; the highest human attainment in Stoic philosophy.

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

vividlyadverbUS /ˈvɪvədli/

in a vivid manner

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

vocationnounUS /voʊˈkeɪʃən/

the particular occupation for which you are trained

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Compared with the English of the country, there is apparently very little difference between them; but still there is a difference, and of no small importance in a moral point of view.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading The country peculiarity is like the bloom of the plumb, or the down of the peach, which the fingers of infancy cannot touch without injuring; but this felt but not describable quality of the town character, is as the varnish which brings out more vividly the colours of a picture, and which may be freely and even rudely handled.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading This moral taint, for I can consider it as nothing less, I have heard defended, but only by men who are supposed to have had a large experience of the world, and who, perhaps, on that account, are not the best judges of female delicacy.

worstnounUS /wɜːrst/

the least favorable outcome

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Reverend Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--London undoubtedly affords the best and the worst specimens of the British character; but there is a certain townish something about the inhabitants in general, of which I find it extremely difficult to convey any idea.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading The women, for example, although as chaste in principle as those of any other community, possess none of that innocent untempted simplicity, which is more than half the grace of virtue; many of them, and even young ones too, "in the first freshness of their virgin beauty," speak of the conduct and vocation of "the erring sisters of the sex," in a manner that often amazes me, and has, in more than one instance, excited unpleasant feelings towards the fair satirists.

Chapter 27 of The Ayrshire Legatees by John Galt holds 64 sentences, grouped into 13 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 27 of The Ayrshire Legatees contain?

Chapter 27 holds 64 sentences of The Ayrshire Legatees, unabridged, divided into 13 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 27 of The Ayrshire Legatees by John Galt exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 64 sentences, grouped into 13 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 27 of The Ayrshire Legatees?

Work through the 13 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 13 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 27 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 27 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Ayrshire Legatees

Common questions about reading The Ayrshire Legatees by John Galt on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Ayrshire Legatees?

Yes. All 1263 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1384 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Ayrshire Legatees is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1384, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Ayrshire Legatees take to read?

About 105 minutes of reading across 253 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through The Ayrshire Legatees section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Ayrshire Legatees

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Ayrshire Legatees, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Year's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ayrshire Legatees; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pringle
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ayrshire Legatees; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Received
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ayrshire Legatees; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Letter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ayrshire Legatees; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.