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The Ayrshire Legatees
The Ayrshire Legatees

Chapter XXIX · Chapter 29

Chapter 29 of The Ayrshire Legatees is here in full — 43 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/8 · 5 lines
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_Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.
Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.
In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.
But, in London, the feeling of self-importance is totally lost and suppressed in the bosom of a stranger.
A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Ayrshire Legatees

Chapter XXIX · Chapter 29

Chapter 29 of The Ayrshire Legatees is here in full — 43 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/8 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.
Line 2
Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.
/ənˈles juː kʌm hiːr ənd ˈæktʃuːəli ɪkˈspɪriəns jərˈself wʌt aɪ wʊd kɔːl ðə ˈlʌndən eɪk ɪt ɪz ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl tuː səˈplaɪ juː wɪð ˈeni ˈædəkwət aɪˈdiːə ʌv ðə nəˈsesəti ðæt ɪɡˈzɪsts ɪn ðɪs ˈwɪldərnəs ʌv ˈmænˈkaɪnd tuː siːk ˈrefjuːdʒ ɪn səˈsaɪəti wɪˈθaʊt ˈbiːɪŋ ˈoʊvər fæˈstɪdiəs wɪð rɪˈspekt tuː ðə ˌɪntəˈlektʃuːəl ˌkwɑːləfəˈkeɪʃənz ʌv jɔːr əˈkeɪʒənəl əˈsoʊsiəts/
Line 3
In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.
Line 4
But, in London, the feeling of self-importance is totally lost and suppressed in the bosom of a stranger.
Line 5
A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adequate adjective US /ˈædəkwət/

having the requisite qualities or resources to meet a task

From this reading “Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.”

enables verb US /eˈneɪbəlz/

third-person singular of “enable” — render capable or able for some task

From this reading “In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.”

fastidious adjective US /fæˈstɪdiəs/

giving careful attention to detail; hard to please; excessively concerned with cleanliness

From this reading “Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.”

fortitude noun US /ˈfɔːrtɪtuːd/

strength of mind that enables one to endure adversity with courage

From this reading “In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.”

impose verb US /ˌɪmˈpoʊz/

compel to behave in a certain way

From this reading “_Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.”

insignificance noun US /ˌɪnsɪɡˈnjɪfɪkəns/

the quality of having little or no significance

From this reading “A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.”

nothingness noun US /ˈnʌθɪŋnəs/

the state of nonexistence

From this reading “A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.”

qualifications noun US /ˌkwɑːləfəˈkeɪʃənz/

plural of “qualification” — an attribute that must be met or complied with and that fits a person for something

From this reading “Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.”

All words in this reading · 128

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

accountnounUS /əˈkaʊnt/

a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

acheverbUS /eɪk/

feel physical pain

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

actuallyadverbUS /ˈæktʃuːəli/

in actual fact

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

adequateadjectiveUS /ˈædəkwət/

having the requisite qualities or resources to meet a task

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

AndrewnounUS /ˈændruː/

(New Testament) disciple of Jesus; brother of Peter; patron saint of Scotland

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

apprehensionsnounUS /ˌæprɪˈhenʃənz/

plural of “apprehension” — fearful expectation or anticipation

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

associatesnounUS /əˈsoʊsiəts/

plural of “associate” — a person who joins with others in some activity or endeavor

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

awareadjectiveUS /əˈwer/

(sometimes followed by “of”) having or showing knowledge or understanding or realization or perception

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

bosomnounUS /ˈbʊzəm/

the chest considered as the place where secret thoughts are kept

From this reading But, in London, the feeling of self-importance is totally lost and suppressed in the bosom of a stranger.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

CharlesnounUS /tʃɑːrlz/

King of France from 1560 to 1574 whose reign was dominated by his mother Catherine de Medicis (1550-1574)

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

circlenounUS /ˈsɜːrkəl/

ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

consequencenounUS /ˈkɑːnsəkwəns/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

convictionnounUS /kənˈvɪkʃən/

an unshakable belief in something without need for proof or evidence

From this reading A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

dangernounUS /ˈdeɪndʒər/

the condition of being susceptible to harm or injury

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

DEARadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

desart

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

dignitynounUS /ˈdɪɡnəti/

the quality of being worthy of esteem or respect

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

divideverbUS /dɪˈvaɪd/

separate into parts or portions

From this reading A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

earnounUS /iːr/

the sense organ for hearing and equilibrium

From this reading A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

enablesverbUS /eˈneɪbəlz/

third-person singular of “enable” — render capable or able for some task

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

Esqnoun

a title of respect for a member of the English gentry ranking just below a knight; placed after the name

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

estimatenounUS /ˈestəmət/

an approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth

From this reading A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

existsverbUS /ɪɡˈzɪsts/

third-person singular of “exist” — have an existence, be extant

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

experienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

fastidiousadjectiveUS /fæˈstɪdiəs/

giving careful attention to detail; hard to please; excessively concerned with cleanliness

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

feelingnounUS /ˈfiːlɪŋ/

the experiencing of affective and emotional states

From this reading But, in London, the feeling of self-importance is totally lost and suppressed in the bosom of a stranger.

fortitudenounUS /ˈfɔːrtɪtuːd/

strength of mind that enables one to endure adversity with courage

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

FRIENDnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

hazardnounUS /ˈhæzərd/

a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

imposeverbUS /ˌɪmˈpoʊz/

compel to behave in a certain way

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

impossibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

insignificancenounUS /ˌɪnsɪɡˈnjɪfɪkəns/

the quality of having little or no significance

From this reading A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

intellectualadjectiveUS /ˌɪntəˈlektʃuːəl/

of or associated with or requiring the use of the mind

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

lonelyadjectiveUS /ˈloʊnli/

lacking companions or companionship

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading But, in London, the feeling of self-importance is totally lost and suppressed in the bosom of a stranger.

mankindnounUS /ˈmænˈkaɪnd/

all of the living human inhabitants of the earth

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

millionnounUS /ˈmɪljən/

the number that is represented as a one followed by 6 zeros

From this reading A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

murmuredverbUS /ˈmɜːrmərd/

past form of “murmur” — speak softly or indistinctly

From this reading A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

MYdeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

necessitynounUS /nəˈsesəti/

the condition of being essential or indispensable

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

nothingnessnounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋnəs/

the state of nonexistence

From this reading A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

occasionaladjectiveUS /əˈkeɪʒənəl/

occurring from time to time

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

painfuladjectiveUS /ˈpeɪnfəl/

causing physical or psychological pain

From this reading A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

possessedadjectiveUS /pəˈzest/

influenced or controlled by a powerful force such as a strong emotion

From this reading A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

Pringle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

qualificationsnounUS /ˌkwɑːləfəˈkeɪʃənz/

plural of “qualification” — an attribute that must be met or complied with and that fits a person for something

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

refugenounUS /ˈrefjuːdʒ/

a safe place

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

remoteadjectiveUS /rɪˈmoʊt/

located far away spatially

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

requestverbUS /rɪˈkwest/

express the need or desire for

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

respectnounUS /rɪˈspekt/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

RevverbUS /rev/

increase the number of rotations per minute

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

seekverbUS /siːk/

try to get or reach

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

self-importancenoun

an inflated feeling of pride in your superiority to others

From this reading But, in London, the feeling of self-importance is totally lost and suppressed in the bosom of a stranger.

sendverbUS /send/

cause to go somewhere

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

sensenounUS /sens/

a general conscious awareness

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

shocknounUS /ʃɑːk/

the feeling of distress and disbelief that you have when something bad happens accidentally

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

Snodgrass

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

societynounUS /səˈsaɪəti/

an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

solitaryadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːləteri/

characterized by or preferring solitude

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

strangernounUS /ˈstreɪndʒər/

anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading But, in London, the feeling of self-importance is totally lost and suppressed in the bosom of a stranger.

subjectnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

sunkadjectiveUS /sʌŋk/

doomed to extinction

From this reading A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

supplyverbUS /səˈplaɪ/

give something useful or necessary to

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

supposedadjectiveUS /səˈpoʊzd/

required or under orders

From this reading A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

suppressedadjectiveUS /səˈprest/

kept from public knowledge by various means

From this reading But, in London, the feeling of self-importance is totally lost and suppressed in the bosom of a stranger.

sustainverbUS /səˈsteɪn/

lengthen or extend in duration or space

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

tasknounUS /tæsk/

any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

totallyadverbUS /ˈtoʊtəli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading But, in London, the feeling of self-importance is totally lost and suppressed in the bosom of a stranger.

travellernounUS /ˈtrævələr/

a person who changes location

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

unconsciouslyadverbUS /ˌʌnˈkɑːnʃəsli/

without awareness

From this reading A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

UnlessconjunctionUS /ənˈles/

except if; if not

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

wastenounUS /weɪst/

any materials unused and rejected as worthless or unwanted

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

wildernessnounUS /ˈwɪldərnəs/

(politics) a state of disfavor

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading In a remote desart, the solitary traveller is subject to apprehensions of danger; but still he is the most important thing "within the circle of that lonely waste"; and the sense of his own dignity enables him to sustain the shock of considerable hazard with spirit and fortitude.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading A painful conviction of insignificance--of nothingness, I may say--is sunk upon his heart, and murmured in his ear by the million, who divide with him that consequence which he unconsciously before supposed he possessed in a general estimate of the world.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

YoupronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading _Andrew Pringle_, _Esq._, _to the Rev. Charles Snodgrass_ MY DEAR FRIEND--You are not aware of the task you impose, when you request me to send you some account of the general way of living in London.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

yourselfpronounUS /jərˈself/

used when the person spoken to is also the object of the action

From this reading Unless you come here, and actually experience yourself what I would call the London ache, it is impossible to supply you with any adequate idea of the necessity that exists in this wilderness of mankind, to seek refuge in society, without being over fastidious with respect to the intellectual qualifications of your occasional associates.

Chapter 29 of The Ayrshire Legatees by John Galt holds 43 sentences, grouped into 9 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 29 of The Ayrshire Legatees contain?

Chapter 29 holds 43 sentences of The Ayrshire Legatees, unabridged, divided into 9 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 29 of The Ayrshire Legatees by John Galt exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 43 sentences, grouped into 9 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 29 of The Ayrshire Legatees?

Work through the 9 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 9 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 29 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 29 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Ayrshire Legatees

Common questions about reading The Ayrshire Legatees by John Galt on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Ayrshire Legatees?

Yes. All 1263 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1384 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Ayrshire Legatees is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1384, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Ayrshire Legatees take to read?

About 105 minutes of reading across 253 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Ayrshire Legatees section by section

How to work through The Ayrshire Legatees section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 37 chapters of The Ayrshire Legatees to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Ayrshire Legatees

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Ayrshire Legatees, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Year's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ayrshire Legatees; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pringle
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ayrshire Legatees; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Received
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ayrshire Legatees; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Letter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ayrshire Legatees; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.