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The Backwoods Boy
The Backwoods Boy

Chapter XXIII

Chapter 23 of The Backwoods Boy is here in full — 78 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE WAR BEGINS.
No President ever assumed office under such circumstances as Abraham Lincoln.
Nominally chief magistrate of the whole United States, seven members of the confederation had already seceded.
These were South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, Florida, and Louisiana.
Some had been hurried out of the Union by a few hot-headed politicians, against the wishes of a considerable part of their inhabitants.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Backwoods Boy

Chapter XXIII

Chapter 23 of The Backwoods Boy is here in full — 78 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE WAR BEGINS.
/ðə wɔːr bɪˈɡɪnz/
Line 2
No President ever assumed office under such circumstances as Abraham Lincoln.
/noʊ ˈprezədent ˈevər əˈsuːmd ˈɔːfɪs ˈʌndər sʌtʃ ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz æz ˈeɪbrəhæm ˈlɪŋkən/
Line 3
Nominally chief magistrate of the whole United States, seven members of the confederation had already seceded.
/ˈnɑːmənəli tʃiːf ˈmædʒəstreɪt ʌv ðə hoʊl juːˈnaɪtɪd steɪts ˈsevən ˈmembərz ʌv ðə kənˌfedərˈeɪʃən hæd ɔːlˈredi sɪˈsiːdɪd/
Line 4
These were South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, Florida, and Louisiana.
/ðiːz wɜːr saʊθ ˌkerəˈlaɪnə ˈdʒɔːrdʒə ˌæləˈbæmə ˌmɪsɪˈsɪpi ˈteksəs ˈflɔːrədə ənd luːˌiːziˈænə/
Line 5
Some had been hurried out of the Union by a few hot-headed politicians, against the wishes of a considerable part of their inhabitants.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Alabama noun US /ˌæləˈbæmə/

a state in the southeastern United States on the Gulf of Mexico; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War

From this reading “These were South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, Florida, and Louisiana.”

confederation noun US /kənˌfedərˈeɪʃən/

the state of being allied or confederated

From this reading “Nominally chief magistrate of the whole United States, seven members of the confederation had already seceded.”

Florida noun US /ˈflɔːrədə/

a state in southeastern United States between the Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War

From this reading “These were South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, Florida, and Louisiana.”

Georgia noun US /ˈdʒɔːrdʒə/

a state in southeastern United States; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War

From this reading “These were South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, Florida, and Louisiana.”

Louisiana noun US /luːˌiːziˈænə/

a state in southern United States on the Gulf of Mexico; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War

From this reading “These were South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, Florida, and Louisiana.”

Nominally adverb US /ˈnɑːmənəli/

in name only

From this reading “Nominally chief magistrate of the whole United States, seven members of the confederation had already seceded.”

politicians noun US /ˌpɑːləˈtɪʃənz/

plural of “politician” — a leader engaged in civil administration

From this reading “Some had been hurried out of the Union by a few hot-headed politicians, against the wishes of a considerable part of their inhabitants.”

seceded verb US /sɪˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “secede” — withdraw from an organization or communion

From this reading “Nominally chief magistrate of the whole United States, seven members of the confederation had already seceded.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

chief magistrate noun + noun

In this reading “Nominally chief magistrate of the whole United States, seven members of the confederation had already seceded.”

considerable part adjective + noun

In this reading “Some had been hurried out of the Union by a few hot-headed politicians, against the wishes of a considerable part of their inhabitants.”

All words in this reading · 54

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Some had been hurried out of the Union by a few hot-headed politicians, against the wishes of a considerable part of their inhabitants.

AbrahamnounUS /ˈeɪbrəhæm/

the first of the Old Testament patriarchs and the father of Isaac; according to Genesis, God promised to give Abraham's family (the Hebrews) the land of Canaan (the Promised Land); God tested Abraham by asking him to sacrifice his son

From this reading No President ever assumed office under such circumstances as Abraham Lincoln.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Some had been hurried out of the Union by a few hot-headed politicians, against the wishes of a considerable part of their inhabitants.

AlabamanounUS /ˌæləˈbæmə/

a state in the southeastern United States on the Gulf of Mexico; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War

From this reading These were South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, Florida, and Louisiana.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading Nominally chief magistrate of the whole United States, seven members of the confederation had already seceded.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading These were South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, Florida, and Louisiana.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading No President ever assumed office under such circumstances as Abraham Lincoln.

assumedadjectiveUS /əˈsuːmd/

adopted in order to deceive

From this reading No President ever assumed office under such circumstances as Abraham Lincoln.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Some had been hurried out of the Union by a few hot-headed politicians, against the wishes of a considerable part of their inhabitants.

BEGINSnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnz/

plural of “begin” — Israeli statesman (born in Russia) who (as prime minister of Israel) negotiated a peace treaty with Anwar Sadat (then the president of Egypt) (1913-1992)

From this reading THE WAR BEGINS.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Some had been hurried out of the Union by a few hot-headed politicians, against the wishes of a considerable part of their inhabitants.

CarolinanounUS /ˌkerəˈlaɪnə/

the area of the states of North Carolina and South Carolina

From this reading These were South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, Florida, and Louisiana.

chiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading Nominally chief magistrate of the whole United States, seven members of the confederation had already seceded.

circumstancesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz/

your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

From this reading No President ever assumed office under such circumstances as Abraham Lincoln.

confederationnounUS /kənˌfedərˈeɪʃən/

the state of being allied or confederated

From this reading Nominally chief magistrate of the whole United States, seven members of the confederation had already seceded.

considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Some had been hurried out of the Union by a few hot-headed politicians, against the wishes of a considerable part of their inhabitants.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading No President ever assumed office under such circumstances as Abraham Lincoln.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading Some had been hurried out of the Union by a few hot-headed politicians, against the wishes of a considerable part of their inhabitants.

FloridanounUS /ˈflɔːrədə/

a state in southeastern United States between the Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War

From this reading These were South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, Florida, and Louisiana.

GeorgianounUS /ˈdʒɔːrdʒə/

a state in southeastern United States; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War

From this reading These were South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, Florida, and Louisiana.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Nominally chief magistrate of the whole United States, seven members of the confederation had already seceded.

hot-headed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Some had been hurried out of the Union by a few hot-headed politicians, against the wishes of a considerable part of their inhabitants.

hurriedadjectiveUS /ˈhɜːrid/

moving rapidly or performed quickly or in great haste

From this reading Some had been hurried out of the Union by a few hot-headed politicians, against the wishes of a considerable part of their inhabitants.

inhabitantsnounUS /ɪnˈhæbətənts/

plural of “inhabitant” — a person who inhabits a particular place

From this reading Some had been hurried out of the Union by a few hot-headed politicians, against the wishes of a considerable part of their inhabitants.

LincolnnounUS /ˈlɪŋkən/

16th President of the United States; saved the Union during the American Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865)

From this reading No President ever assumed office under such circumstances as Abraham Lincoln.

LouisiananounUS /luːˌiːziˈænə/

a state in southern United States on the Gulf of Mexico; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War

From this reading These were South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, Florida, and Louisiana.

magistratenounUS /ˈmædʒəstreɪt/

a lay judge or civil authority who administers the law (especially one who conducts a court dealing with minor offenses)

From this reading Nominally chief magistrate of the whole United States, seven members of the confederation had already seceded.

membersnounUS /ˈmembərz/

plural of “member” — one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading Nominally chief magistrate of the whole United States, seven members of the confederation had already seceded.

MississippinounUS /ˌmɪsɪˈsɪpi/

a major North American river and the chief river of the United States; rises in northern Minnesota and flows southward into the Gulf of Mexico

From this reading These were South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, Florida, and Louisiana.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading No President ever assumed office under such circumstances as Abraham Lincoln.

NominallyadverbUS /ˈnɑːmənəli/

in name only

From this reading Nominally chief magistrate of the whole United States, seven members of the confederation had already seceded.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Nominally chief magistrate of the whole United States, seven members of the confederation had already seceded.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading No President ever assumed office under such circumstances as Abraham Lincoln.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Some had been hurried out of the Union by a few hot-headed politicians, against the wishes of a considerable part of their inhabitants.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading Some had been hurried out of the Union by a few hot-headed politicians, against the wishes of a considerable part of their inhabitants.

politiciansnounUS /ˌpɑːləˈtɪʃənz/

plural of “politician” — a leader engaged in civil administration

From this reading Some had been hurried out of the Union by a few hot-headed politicians, against the wishes of a considerable part of their inhabitants.

PresidentnounUS /ˈprezədent/

an executive officer of a firm or corporation

From this reading No President ever assumed office under such circumstances as Abraham Lincoln.

secededverbUS /sɪˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “secede” — withdraw from an organization or communion

From this reading Nominally chief magistrate of the whole United States, seven members of the confederation had already seceded.

sevennounUS /ˈsevən/

the cardinal number that is the sum of six and one

From this reading Nominally chief magistrate of the whole United States, seven members of the confederation had already seceded.

SomeadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Some had been hurried out of the Union by a few hot-headed politicians, against the wishes of a considerable part of their inhabitants.

SouthnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading These were South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, Florida, and Louisiana.

StatesnounUS /steɪts/

plural of “state” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading Nominally chief magistrate of the whole United States, seven members of the confederation had already seceded.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading No President ever assumed office under such circumstances as Abraham Lincoln.

TexasnounUS /ˈteksəs/

the second largest state; located in southwestern United States on the Gulf of Mexico

From this reading These were South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, Florida, and Louisiana.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE WAR BEGINS.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Some had been hurried out of the Union by a few hot-headed politicians, against the wishes of a considerable part of their inhabitants.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These were South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, Florida, and Louisiana.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading No President ever assumed office under such circumstances as Abraham Lincoln.

UnionnounUS /ˈjuːnjən/

an organization of employees formed to bargain with the employer

From this reading Some had been hurried out of the Union by a few hot-headed politicians, against the wishes of a considerable part of their inhabitants.

UnitedadjectiveUS /juːˈnaɪtɪd/

characterized by unity; being or joined into a single entity

From this reading Nominally chief magistrate of the whole United States, seven members of the confederation had already seceded.

WARnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading THE WAR BEGINS.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading These were South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas, Florida, and Louisiana.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading Nominally chief magistrate of the whole United States, seven members of the confederation had already seceded.

wishesnounUS /ˈwɪʃɪz/

plural of “wish” — a specific feeling of desire

From this reading Some had been hurried out of the Union by a few hot-headed politicians, against the wishes of a considerable part of their inhabitants.

Chapter 23 of The Backwoods Boy by Horatio, Jr. Alger holds 78 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 23 of The Backwoods Boy contain?

Chapter 23 holds 78 sentences of The Backwoods Boy, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 23 of The Backwoods Boy by Horatio, Jr. Alger exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 78 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 23 of The Backwoods Boy?

Work through the 16 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 16 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 23 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 23 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Backwoods Boy

Common questions about reading The Backwoods Boy by Horatio, Jr. Alger on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Backwoods Boy?

Yes. All 2652 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #52073 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Backwoods Boy is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #52073, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Backwoods Boy take to read?

About 221 minutes of reading across 531 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Backwoods Boy section by section

How to work through The Backwoods Boy section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 34 chapters of The Backwoods Boy to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Backwoods Boy

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Backwoods Boy, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Horatio
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Backwoods Boy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Alger
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Backwoods Boy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Canal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Backwoods Boy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
President
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Backwoods Boy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.