Chapter IX · Chapter 9

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading In lieu of statesmen in their plain black dresses, proud knights clad in steel, and wearing helmets adorned with waving plumes, strode about the squares and market places, accompanied by numerous bands of followers.

having companions or an escort

From this reading In lieu of statesmen in their plain black dresses, proud knights clad in steel, and wearing helmets adorned with waving plumes, strode about the squares and market places, accompanied by numerous bands of followers.

provided with something intended to increase its beauty or distinction

From this reading In lieu of statesmen in their plain black dresses, proud knights clad in steel, and wearing helmets adorned with waving plumes, strode about the squares and market places, accompanied by numerous bands of followers.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

plural of “band” — an unofficial association of people or groups

From this reading In lieu of statesmen in their plain black dresses, proud knights clad in steel, and wearing helmets adorned with waving plumes, strode about the squares and market places, accompanied by numerous bands of followers.

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

plural of “beam” — a signal transmitted along a narrow path; guides airplane pilots in darkness or bad weather

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading In lieu of statesmen in their plain black dresses, proud knights clad in steel, and wearing helmets adorned with waving plumes, strode about the squares and market places, accompanied by numerous bands of followers.

plural of “bow” — a knot with two loops and loose ends; used to tie shoelaces

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

emitting or reflecting light readily or in large amounts

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

actively or fully engaged or occupied

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading In lieu of statesmen in their plain black dresses, proud knights clad in steel, and wearing helmets adorned with waving plumes, strode about the squares and market places, accompanied by numerous bands of followers.

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading During the following days, Ulm resembled a large camp.

plural of “cap” — a tight-fitting headdress

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

-ing form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

either side of the face below the eyes

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

plural of “citizen” — a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

wearing or provided with clothing; sometimes used in combination

From this reading In lieu of statesmen in their plain black dresses, proud knights clad in steel, and wearing helmets adorned with waving plumes, strode about the squares and market places, accompanied by numerous bands of followers.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

travel across or pass over

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading During the following days, Ulm resembled a large camp.

plural of “dress” — a one-piece garment for a woman; has skirt and bodice

From this reading In lieu of statesmen in their plain black dresses, proud knights clad in steel, and wearing helmets adorned with waving plumes, strode about the squares and market places, accompanied by numerous bands of followers.

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading During the following days, Ulm resembled a large camp.

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

plural of “figure” — a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

a group of followers or enthusiasts

From this reading In lieu of statesmen in their plain black dresses, proud knights clad in steel, and wearing helmets adorned with waving plumes, strode about the squares and market places, accompanied by numerous bands of followers.

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading During the following days, Ulm resembled a large camp.

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

a small growth of trees without underbrush

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

plural of “helmet” — armor plate that protects the head

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver-white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

plural of “knight” — originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit

From this reading In lieu of statesmen in their plain black dresses, proud knights clad in steel, and wearing helmets adorned with waving plumes, strode about the squares and market places, accompanied by numerous bands of followers.

a metric unit of capacity, formerly defined as the volume of one kilogram of pure water under standard conditions; now equal to 1,000 cubic centimeters (or approximately 1.75 pints)

From this reading L. UHLAND.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading During the following days, Ulm resembled a large camp.

the post or function properly or customarily occupied or served by another

From this reading In lieu of statesmen in their plain black dresses, proud knights clad in steel, and wearing helmets adorned with waving plumes, strode about the squares and market places, accompanied by numerous bands of followers.

provided with artificial light

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

a surface coating for ceramics or porcelain

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

an unmarried girl (especially a virgin)

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold

From this reading In lieu of statesmen in their plain black dresses, proud knights clad in steel, and wearing helmets adorned with waving plumes, strode about the squares and market places, accompanied by numerous bands of followers.

a state of ill-being due to affliction or misfortune

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

showing your contempt by derision

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

the natural satellite of the Earth

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

amounting to a large indefinite number

From this reading In lieu of statesmen in their plain black dresses, proud knights clad in steel, and wearing helmets adorned with waving plumes, strode about the squares and market places, accompanied by numerous bands of followers.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

a judge of a probate court

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

very light colored; highly diluted with white

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

(American football) a play that involves one player throwing the ball to a teammate

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

inclined or disposed to peace

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

a country person

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading In lieu of statesmen in their plain black dresses, proud knights clad in steel, and wearing helmets adorned with waving plumes, strode about the squares and market places, accompanied by numerous bands of followers.

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading In lieu of statesmen in their plain black dresses, proud knights clad in steel, and wearing helmets adorned with waving plumes, strode about the squares and market places, accompanied by numerous bands of followers.

plural of “plume” — anything that resembles a feather in shape or lightness

From this reading In lieu of statesmen in their plain black dresses, proud knights clad in steel, and wearing helmets adorned with waving plumes, strode about the squares and market places, accompanied by numerous bands of followers.

feeling self-respect or pleasure in something by which you measure your self-worth; or being a reason for pride

From this reading In lieu of statesmen in their plain black dresses, proud knights clad in steel, and wearing helmets adorned with waving plumes, strode about the squares and market places, accompanied by numerous bands of followers.

past form of “resemble” — appear like; be similar or bear a likeness to

From this reading During the following days, Ulm resembled a large camp.

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

get rid of

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

not affected by a chemical substance (especially alcohol)

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

characterized by or preferring solitude

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

a quality that outshines the usual

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

plural of “square” — (geometry) a plane rectangle with four equal sides and four right angles; a four-sided regular polygon

From this reading In lieu of statesmen in their plain black dresses, proud knights clad in steel, and wearing helmets adorned with waving plumes, strode about the squares and market places, accompanied by numerous bands of followers.

plural of “statesman” — a man who is a respected leader in national or international affairs

From this reading In lieu of statesmen in their plain black dresses, proud knights clad in steel, and wearing helmets adorned with waving plumes, strode about the squares and market places, accompanied by numerous bands of followers.

an alloy of iron with small amounts of carbon; widely used in construction; mechanical properties can be varied over a wide range

From this reading In lieu of statesmen in their plain black dresses, proud knights clad in steel, and wearing helmets adorned with waving plumes, strode about the squares and market places, accompanied by numerous bands of followers.

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

not in physical motion

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

inflected form of “stride” — walk with long steps

From this reading In lieu of statesmen in their plain black dresses, proud knights clad in steel, and wearing helmets adorned with waving plumes, strode about the squares and market places, accompanied by numerous bands of followers.

the process of shedding tears (usually accompanied by sobs or other inarticulate sounds)

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

(of a body of water) free from disturbance by heavy waves

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

German romantic poet (1787-1862)

From this reading L. UHLAND.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading During the following days, Ulm resembled a large camp.

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

a formal word for “on”

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

a person who has never had sex

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "In the still cloister's solitary grove, A maiden walk'd, and thought upon her love; The virgin moon, as if in mockery, Shed forth her splendour on her misery, And the bright lustre of the beams that fell Lit up the tears that coursed her cheek so pale."

the act of signaling by a movement of the hand

From this reading In lieu of statesmen in their plain black dresses, proud knights clad in steel, and wearing helmets adorned with waving plumes, strode about the squares and market places, accompanied by numerous bands of followers.

(geology) the mechanical process of wearing or grinding something down (as by particles washing over it)

From this reading In lieu of statesmen in their plain black dresses, proud knights clad in steel, and wearing helmets adorned with waving plumes, strode about the squares and market places, accompanied by numerous bands of followers.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.

in the company of; together with

From this reading Instead of the peaceable peasant, the busy citizens, passing, as in ordinary times, through the streets with sober tranquil step to their several avocations, were now to be seen strange figures, with helmets and caps of iron, carrying lances, cross bows and fire-arms.