Chapter XXX

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

prince consort of Queen Victoria of England (1819-1861)

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The residence of the former Dukes of Wuertemberg stood in the same place; and differed little in plan and appearance from Christoph's work, except that it was for the most part built of wood.

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading The residence of the former Dukes of Wuertemberg stood in the same place; and differed little in plan and appearance from Christoph's work, except that it was for the most part built of wood.

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

a particular environment or walk of life

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

the past participle of “be”

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

a structure that allows people or vehicles to cross an obstacle such as a river or canal or railway etc.

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

a large and stately mansion

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The residence of the former Dukes of Wuertemberg stood in the same place; and differed little in plan and appearance from Christoph's work, except that it was for the most part built of wood.

a very fine-grained soil that is plastic when moist but hard when fired

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading P. CONZ.

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

possessive form of “day” — time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

performance of moral or religious acts

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

a person whose behavior deviates from what is acceptable especially in sexual behavior

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

past form of “differ” — be different

From this reading The residence of the former Dukes of Wuertemberg stood in the same place; and differed little in plan and appearance from Christoph's work, except that it was for the most part built of wood.

plural of “ditch” — a long narrow excavation in the earth

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

possessive form of “duke” — a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

plural of “duke” — a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading The residence of the former Dukes of Wuertemberg stood in the same place; and differed little in plan and appearance from Christoph's work, except that it was for the most part built of wood.

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

apart from; not including

From this reading The residence of the former Dukes of Wuertemberg stood in the same place; and differed little in plan and appearance from Christoph's work, except that it was for the most part built of wood.

show an attribute, property, knowledge, or skill

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The residence of the former Dukes of Wuertemberg stood in the same place; and differed little in plan and appearance from Christoph's work, except that it was for the most part built of wood.

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading The residence of the former Dukes of Wuertemberg stood in the same place; and differed little in plan and appearance from Christoph's work, except that it was for the most part built of wood.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The residence of the former Dukes of Wuertemberg stood in the same place; and differed little in plan and appearance from Christoph's work, except that it was for the most part built of wood.

the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

bright and pleasant; promoting a feeling of cheer

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

a state of high honor

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

-ing form of “hover” — be undecided about something; waver between conflicting positions or courses of action

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The residence of the former Dukes of Wuertemberg stood in the same place; and differed little in plan and appearance from Christoph's work, except that it was for the most part built of wood.

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

used to form the superlative

From this reading The residence of the former Dukes of Wuertemberg stood in the same place; and differed little in plan and appearance from Christoph's work, except that it was for the most part built of wood.

immediately following in time or order

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

not any; not one

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

throughout a period of time

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

many times at short intervals

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

a midwestern state in north central United States in the Great Lakes region

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

To move from a closed position.

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

above and across; more than

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

a multivalent nonmetallic element of the nitrogen family that occurs commonly in inorganic phosphate rocks and as organic phosphates in all living cells; is highly reactive and occurs in several allotropic forms

From this reading P. CONZ.

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading The residence of the former Dukes of Wuertemberg stood in the same place; and differed little in plan and appearance from Christoph's work, except that it was for the most part built of wood.

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading The residence of the former Dukes of Wuertemberg stood in the same place; and differed little in plan and appearance from Christoph's work, except that it was for the most part built of wood.

have the will and intention to carry out some action

From this reading The residence of the former Dukes of Wuertemberg stood in the same place; and differed little in plan and appearance from Christoph's work, except that it was for the most part built of wood.

having great power or force or potency or effect

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

any address at which you dwell more than temporarily

From this reading The residence of the former Dukes of Wuertemberg stood in the same place; and differed little in plan and appearance from Christoph's work, except that it was for the most part built of wood.

especially of petals or leaves in bud; having margins rolled inward

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

Identical; not different.

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

past form of “serve” — serve a purpose, role, or function

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

the context and environment in which something is set

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

a male human offspring

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

the unlimited expanse in which everything is located

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

act as a stimulant

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading The residence of the former Dukes of Wuertemberg stood in the same place; and differed little in plan and appearance from Christoph's work, except that it was for the most part built of wood.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

confined on all sides

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

past form of “view” — deem to be

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The residence of the former Dukes of Wuertemberg stood in the same place; and differed little in plan and appearance from Christoph's work, except that it was for the most part built of wood.

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

at the time that

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading When Albert von Sturmfeder viewed the old castle of Stuttgardt the next morning, it did not exhibit the same form which it has in our days, the present one having been built by the Duke's son, Prince Christoph.

belonging to which person

From this reading Being surrounded by broad and deep ditches, over which a bridge led to the town, a large open space in front served in early times as a tilt-yard for the gay court of Ulerich, whose powerful hand had often rolled many a knight in the arena.

the basic unit of money in South Korea

From this reading Oh, may the deeds of those no more, The glory that they won, The sire's spirit hovering o'er, So stimulate the son, That this day's setting sun may see Of no degenerate clay are we.

the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees

From this reading The residence of the former Dukes of Wuertemberg stood in the same place; and differed little in plan and appearance from Christoph's work, except that it was for the most part built of wood.

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading The residence of the former Dukes of Wuertemberg stood in the same place; and differed little in plan and appearance from Christoph's work, except that it was for the most part built of wood.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The residence of the former Dukes of Wuertemberg stood in the same place; and differed little in plan and appearance from Christoph's work, except that it was for the most part built of wood.