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The Beginner's American History
The Beginner's American History

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of The Beginner's American History is here in full — 495 sentences across 99 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/99 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
[Footnote 10: See Num. xxiii.
23.]
[Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.
In this way words and messages are spelled out.
The message on the strip of paper above is the question, _How is trade?_] 228.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Beginner's American History

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of The Beginner's American History is here in full — 495 sentences across 99 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/99 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
[Footnote 10: See Num. xxiii.
Line 2
23.]
Line 3
[Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.
Line 4
In this way words and messages are spelled out.
/ɪn ðɪs weɪ wɜːrdz ənd ˈmesədʒəz ɑːr speld aʊt/
Line 5
The message on the strip of paper above is the question, _How is trade?_] 228.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

button noun US /ˈbʌtən/

a round fastener sewn to shirts and coats etc to fit through buttonholes

From this reading “[Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.”

Denver noun US /ˈdenvər/

the state capital and largest city of Colorado; located in central Colorado on the South Platte river

From this reading “[Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.”

dot noun US /dɑːt/

a very small circular shape

From this reading “[Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.”

electricity noun US /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/

a physical phenomenon associated with stationary or moving electrons and protons

From this reading “[Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.”

messages noun US /ˈmesədʒəz/

plural of “message” — a communication (usually brief) that is written or spoken or signaled

From this reading “In this way words and messages are spelled out.”

presses noun US /ˈpresəz/

plural of “press” — the state of demanding notice or attention

From this reading “[Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.”

spelled verb US /speld/

past form of “spell” — orally recite the letters of or give the spelling of

From this reading “In this way words and messages are spelled out.”

strip verb US /strɪp/

take away possessions from someone

From this reading “The message on the strip of paper above is the question, _How is trade?_] 228.”

All words in this reading · 58

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

10

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Footnote 10: See Num. xxiii.

11

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

228

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The message on the strip of paper above is the question, _How is trade?_] 228.

23

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 23.]

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading The message on the strip of paper above is the question, _How is trade?_] 228.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In this way words and messages are spelled out.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

buttonnounUS /ˈbʌtən/

a round fastener sewn to shirts and coats etc to fit through buttonholes

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

ChicagonounUS /ʃəˈkɑːɡoʊ/

largest city in Illinois; a bustling Great Lakes port that extends 26 miles along the southwestern shoreline of Lake Michigan

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

dashverbUS /dæʃ/

run or move very quickly or hastily

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

DenvernounUS /ˈdenvər/

the state capital and largest city of Colorado; located in central Colorado on the South Platte river

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

dotnounUS /dɑːt/

a very small circular shape

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

electricitynounUS /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/

a physical phenomenon associated with stationary or moving electrons and protons

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

FootnotenounUS /ˈfʊtnoʊt/

a printed note placed below the text on a printed page

From this reading [Footnote 10: See Num. xxiii.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The message on the strip of paper above is the question, _How is trade?_] 228.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In this way words and messages are spelled out.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

makesnounUS /meɪks/

plural of “make” — a recognizable kind

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

messagenounUS /ˈmesədʒ/

a communication (usually brief) that is written or spoken or signaled

From this reading The message on the strip of paper above is the question, _How is trade?_] 228.

messagesnounUS /ˈmesədʒəz/

plural of “message” — a communication (usually brief) that is written or spoken or signaled

From this reading In this way words and messages are spelled out.

Num

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Footnote 10: See Num. xxiii.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading In this way words and messages are spelled out.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

papernounUS /ˈpeɪpər/

a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

passesnounUS /ˈpæsəz/

plural of “pass” — (baseball) an advance to first base by a batter who receives four balls

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

passingnounUS /ˈpæsɪŋ/

(American football) a play that involves one player throwing the ball to a teammate

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

pressedadjectiveUS /prest/

compacted by ironing

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

pressesnounUS /ˈpresəz/

plural of “press” — the state of demanding notice or attention

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading The message on the strip of paper above is the question, _How is trade?_] 228.

rollverbUS /roʊl/

move by turning over or rotating

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

SeeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading [Footnote 10: See Num. xxiii.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

spelledverbUS /speld/

past form of “spell” — orally recite the letters of or give the spelling of

From this reading In this way words and messages are spelled out.

standsnounUS /stændz/

plural of “stand” — a support or foundation

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

stripverbUS /strɪp/

take away possessions from someone

From this reading The message on the strip of paper above is the question, _How is trade?_] 228.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading In this way words and messages are spelled out.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

tradenounUS /treɪd/

the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading The message on the strip of paper above is the question, _How is trade?_] 228.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading In this way words and messages are spelled out.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

wirenounUS /ˈwaɪər/

ligament made of metal and used to fasten things or make cages or fences etc

From this reading [Footnote 11: When the button at Chicago is pressed down, the electricity passing over the wire to Denver presses the point there down on the paper, and so makes a dot or dash which stands for a letter on the roll of paper as it passes under it.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading In this way words and messages are spelled out.

xxiiinoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty-two and one

From this reading [Footnote 10: See Num. xxiii.

Chapter 7 of The Beginner's American History by D. H. (David Henry) Montgomery holds 495 sentences, grouped into 99 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of The Beginner's American History contain?

Chapter 7 holds 495 sentences of The Beginner's American History, unabridged, divided into 99 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of The Beginner's American History by D. H. (David Henry) Montgomery exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 495 sentences, grouped into 99 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of The Beginner's American History?

Work through the 99 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 99 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Beginner's American History

Common questions about reading The Beginner's American History by D. H. (David Henry) Montgomery on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Beginner's American History?

Yes. All 4210 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #18127 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Beginner's American History is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #18127, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Beginner's American History take to read?

About 350 minutes of reading across 842 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Beginner's American History section by section

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Vocabulary met early in The Beginner's American History

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Beginner's American History, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Beginner's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Beginner's American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
American
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Beginner's American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Beginner's American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Paragraph
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Beginner's American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.