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The Betrothed — From the Italian of Alessandro Manzoni
The Betrothed — From the Italian of Alessandro Manzoni

Chapter XXX

Chapter 30 of The Betrothed — From the Italian of Alessandro Manzoni is here in full — 151 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Betrothed — From the Italian of Alessandro Manzoni
Context Illustration Reading 1/30 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Here, among those who were expecting the arrival of the army in alarm and consternation, we find persons of our acquaintance.
He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.
All sorts of reports were afloat.
They are comingthirty, forty, fifty thousand men.
They have sacked Cortenova; burnt Primaluna; plundered Introbbio, Pasturo, Barsio.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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The Betrothed — From the Italian of Alessandro Manzoni

Chapter XXX

Chapter 30 of The Betrothed — From the Italian of Alessandro Manzoni is here in full — 151 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/30 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Here, among those who were expecting the arrival of the army in alarm and consternation, we find persons of our acquaintance.
/hiːr əˈmʌŋ ðoʊz huː wɜːr ɪkˈspektɪŋ ðə ərˈaɪvəl ʌv ðə ˈɑːrmi ɪn əˈlɑːrm ənd ˌkɑːnstərˈneɪʃən wiː faɪnd ˈpɜːrsənz ʌv ˈaʊər əˈkweɪntəns/
Line 2
He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.
Line 3
All sorts of reports were afloat.
/ɔːl sɔːrts ʌv rɪˈpɔːrts wɜːr əˈfloʊt/
Line 4
They are comingthirty, forty, fifty thousand men.
Line 5
They have sacked Cortenova; burnt Primaluna; plundered Introbbio, Pasturo, Barsio.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

afloat adjective US /əˈfloʊt/

aimlessly drifting

From this reading “All sorts of reports were afloat.”

consternation noun US /ˌkɑːnstərˈneɪʃən/

fear resulting from the awareness of danger

From this reading “Here, among those who were expecting the arrival of the army in alarm and consternation, we find persons of our acquaintance.”

descent noun US /dɪˈsent/

An action of moving downward, dropping, or falling into a deeper place.

From this reading “He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.”

excesses noun US /ˌekˈsesɪz/

plural of “excess” — a quantity much larger than is needed

From this reading “He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.”

fright noun US /fraɪt/

an emotion experienced in anticipation of some specific pain or danger (usually accompanied by a desire to flee or fight)

From this reading “He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.”

plundered adjective US /ˈplʌndərd/

wrongfully emptied or stripped of anything of value

From this reading “They have sacked Cortenova; burnt Primaluna; plundered Introbbio, Pasturo, Barsio.”

reports noun US /rɪˈpɔːrts/

plural of “report” — a written document describing the findings of some individual or group

From this reading “All sorts of reports were afloat.”

sacked adjective US /sækt/

having been robbed and destroyed by force and violence

From this reading “They have sacked Cortenova; burnt Primaluna; plundered Introbbio, Pasturo, Barsio.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

fifty thousand noun + noun

In this reading “They are coming—thirty, forty, fifty thousand men.”

thousand men noun + noun

In this reading “They are coming—thirty, forty, fifty thousand men.”

All sorts adjective + noun counted as “all sort”

In this reading “All sorts of reports were afloat.”

in alarm preposition + noun

In this reading “Here, among those who were expecting the arrival of the army in alarm and consternation, we find persons of our acquaintance.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

Abbondio

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

acquaintancenounUS /əˈkweɪntəns/

personal knowledge or information about someone or something

From this reading Here, among those who were expecting the arrival of the army in alarm and consternation, we find persons of our acquaintance.

afloatadjectiveUS /əˈfloʊt/

aimlessly drifting

From this reading All sorts of reports were afloat.

alarmnounUS /əˈlɑːrm/

fear resulting from the awareness of danger

From this reading Here, among those who were expecting the arrival of the army in alarm and consternation, we find persons of our acquaintance.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All sorts of reports were afloat.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Here, among those who were expecting the arrival of the army in alarm and consternation, we find persons of our acquaintance.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Here, among those who were expecting the arrival of the army in alarm and consternation, we find persons of our acquaintance.

approachverbUS /əˈproʊtʃ/

move towards

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading They are coming—thirty, forty, fifty thousand men.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading Here, among those who were expecting the arrival of the army in alarm and consternation, we find persons of our acquaintance.

arrivalnounUS /ərˈaɪvəl/

accomplishment of an objective

From this reading Here, among those who were expecting the arrival of the army in alarm and consternation, we find persons of our acquaintance.

Barsio

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They have sacked Cortenova; burnt Primaluna; plundered Introbbio, Pasturo, Barsio.

beholdverbUS /bɪˈhoʊld/

see with attention

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

burntadjectiveUS /bɜːrnt/

ruined by overcooking

From this reading They have sacked Cortenova; burnt Primaluna; plundered Introbbio, Pasturo, Barsio.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading They are coming—thirty, forty, fifty thousand men.

consternationnounUS /ˌkɑːnstərˈneɪʃən/

fear resulting from the awareness of danger

From this reading Here, among those who were expecting the arrival of the army in alarm and consternation, we find persons of our acquaintance.

Cortenova

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They have sacked Cortenova; burnt Primaluna; plundered Introbbio, Pasturo, Barsio.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

descentnounUS /dɪˈsent/

An action of moving downward, dropping, or falling into a deeper place.

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

DonnounUS /dɑːn/

a Spanish gentleman or nobleman

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

excessesnounUS /ˌekˈsesɪz/

plural of “excess” — a quantity much larger than is needed

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

expectingverbUS /ɪkˈspektɪŋ/

-ing form of “expect” — regard something as probable or likely

From this reading Here, among those who were expecting the arrival of the army in alarm and consternation, we find persons of our acquaintance.

feebleadjectiveUS /ˈfiːbəl/

pathetically lacking in force or effectiveness

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

fiftynounUS /ˈfɪfti/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and five

From this reading They are coming—thirty, forty, fifty thousand men.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading Here, among those who were expecting the arrival of the army in alarm and consternation, we find persons of our acquaintance.

fortyadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrti/

being ten more than thirty

From this reading They are coming—thirty, forty, fifty thousand men.

frightnounUS /fraɪt/

an emotion experienced in anticipation of some specific pain or danger (usually accompanied by a desire to flee or fight)

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here, among those who were expecting the arrival of the army in alarm and consternation, we find persons of our acquaintance.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Here, among those who were expecting the arrival of the army in alarm and consternation, we find persons of our acquaintance.

Introbbio

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They have sacked Cortenova; burnt Primaluna; plundered Introbbio, Pasturo, Barsio.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading They are coming—thirty, forty, fifty thousand men.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Here, among those who were expecting the arrival of the army in alarm and consternation, we find persons of our acquaintance.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Here, among those who were expecting the arrival of the army in alarm and consternation, we find persons of our acquaintance.

Pasturo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They have sacked Cortenova; burnt Primaluna; plundered Introbbio, Pasturo, Barsio.

personsnounUS /ˈpɜːrsənz/

plural of “person” — a human being

From this reading Here, among those who were expecting the arrival of the army in alarm and consternation, we find persons of our acquaintance.

plunderedadjectiveUS /ˈplʌndərd/

wrongfully emptied or stripped of anything of value

From this reading They have sacked Cortenova; burnt Primaluna; plundered Introbbio, Pasturo, Barsio.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

Primaluna

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They have sacked Cortenova; burnt Primaluna; plundered Introbbio, Pasturo, Barsio.

reportverbUS /riˈpɔːrt/

to give an account or representation of in words

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

reportsnounUS /rɪˈpɔːrts/

plural of “report” — a written document describing the findings of some individual or group

From this reading All sorts of reports were afloat.

sackedadjectiveUS /sækt/

having been robbed and destroyed by force and violence

From this reading They have sacked Cortenova; burnt Primaluna; plundered Introbbio, Pasturo, Barsio.

sortsnounUS /sɔːrts/

plural of “sort” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading All sorts of reports were afloat.

spreadverbUS /spred/

distribute or disperse widely

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Here, among those who were expecting the arrival of the army in alarm and consternation, we find persons of our acquaintance.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They are coming—thirty, forty, fifty thousand men.

thirtynounUS /ˈθɜːrdiː/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and three

From this reading They are coming—thirty, forty, fifty thousand men.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Here, among those who were expecting the arrival of the army in alarm and consternation, we find persons of our acquaintance.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading They are coming—thirty, forty, fifty thousand men.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Here, among those who were expecting the arrival of the army in alarm and consternation, we find persons of our acquaintance.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Here, among those who were expecting the arrival of the army in alarm and consternation, we find persons of our acquaintance.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading He who did not behold Don Abbondio on the day when the report was spread of the descent of the army, of its near approach, and its excesses, can have no idea of the power of fright upon a feeble mind.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Here, among those who were expecting the arrival of the army in alarm and consternation, we find persons of our acquaintance.

Chapter 30 of The Betrothed — From the Italian of Alessandro Manzoni by Alessandro Manzoni holds 151 sentences, grouped into 31 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 30 of The Betrothed — From the Italian of Alessandro Manzoni contain?

Chapter 30 holds 151 sentences of The Betrothed — From the Italian of Alessandro Manzoni, unabridged, divided into 31 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 30 of The Betrothed — From the Italian of Alessandro Manzoni by Alessandro Manzoni exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 151 sentences, grouped into 31 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 30 of The Betrothed — From the Italian of Alessandro Manzoni?

Work through the 31 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 31 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 30 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 30 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #35155, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 590 minutes of reading across 1417 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Betrothed — From the Italian of Alessandro Manzoni

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Betrothed — From the Italian of Alessandro Manzoni, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Betrothed — From the Italian of Alessandro Manzoni; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Richard
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Betrothed — From the Italian of Alessandro Manzoni; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bentley
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Betrothed — From the Italian of Alessandro Manzoni; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Successor
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Betrothed — From the Italian of Alessandro Manzoni; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.