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The Black Cross
The Black Cross

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of The Black Cross is here in full — 166 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Black Cross
Context Illustration Reading 1/33 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It was dusk, and the lights of the Rathskeller began to twinkle out one by one.
The Keller was long and rambling, divided into innumerable small alcoves and corners, partitioned by strange and antique carvings.
The ceiling was low, with octagonal vaults like a cloister.
On the smoke-grimed walls, here and there, were mural paintings of knights in armour, and fat peasants drinking, dimmed and half obliterated.
Beneath were legends and proverbs, printed in quaint, old-German characters; while across one end, like a frieze, ran a ledge carven with gargoyles, rude and misshapen.
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Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Black Cross

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of The Black Cross is here in full — 166 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/33 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It was dusk, and the lights of the Rathskeller began to twinkle out one by one.
/ɪt wɑːz dʌsk ənd ðə laɪts ʌv ðə ˈræθskelər bɪˈɡæn tuː ˈtwɪŋkəl aʊt wʌn baɪ wʌn/
Line 2
The Keller was long and rambling, divided into innumerable small alcoves and corners, partitioned by strange and antique carvings.
/ðə ˈkelər wɑːz lɔːŋ ənd ˈræmblɪŋ dɪˈvaɪdɪd ˈɪntuː ˌɪˈnuːmərəbəl smɔːl ˈælkoʊvz ənd ˈkɔːrnərz pɑːrˈtɪʃənd baɪ streɪndʒ ənd ænˈtiːk ˈkɑːrvɪŋz/
Line 3
The ceiling was low, with octagonal vaults like a cloister.
/ðə ˈsiːlɪŋ wɑːz loʊ wɪð ɑːkˈtæɡənəl vɔːlts laɪk ə ˈklɔɪstər/
Line 4
On the smoke-grimed walls, here and there, were mural paintings of knights in armour, and fat peasants drinking, dimmed and half obliterated.
Line 5
Beneath were legends and proverbs, printed in quaint, old-German characters; while across one end, like a frieze, ran a ledge carven with gargoyles, rude and misshapen.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

alcoves noun US /ˈælkoʊvz/

plural of “alcove” — a small recess opening off a larger room

From this reading “The Keller was long and rambling, divided into innumerable small alcoves and corners, partitioned by strange and antique carvings.”

carvings noun US /ˈkɑːrvɪŋz/

plural of “carving” — a sculpture created by removing material (as wood or ivory or stone) in order to create a desired shape

From this reading “The Keller was long and rambling, divided into innumerable small alcoves and corners, partitioned by strange and antique carvings.”

frieze noun US /friːz/

an architectural ornament consisting of a horizontal sculptured band between the architrave and the cornice

From this reading “Beneath were legends and proverbs, printed in quaint, old-German characters; while across one end, like a frieze, ran a ledge carven with gargoyles, rude and misshapen.”

gargoyles noun US /ˈɡɑːrɡɔɪlz/

plural of “gargoyle” — a spout that terminates in a grotesquely carved figure of a person or animal

From this reading “Beneath were legends and proverbs, printed in quaint, old-German characters; while across one end, like a frieze, ran a ledge carven with gargoyles, rude and misshapen.”

mural noun US /ˈmjʊrəl/

a painting that is applied to a wall surface

From this reading “On the smoke-grimed walls, here and there, were mural paintings of knights in armour, and fat peasants drinking, dimmed and half obliterated.”

octagonal adjective US /ɑːkˈtæɡənəl/

of or relating to or shaped like an octagon

From this reading “The ceiling was low, with octagonal vaults like a cloister.”

partitioned verb US /pɑːrˈtɪʃənd/

past form of “partition” — divide into parts, pieces, or sections

From this reading “The Keller was long and rambling, divided into innumerable small alcoves and corners, partitioned by strange and antique carvings.”

Rathskeller noun US /ˈræθskelər/

a tavern below street level featuring beer; originally a German restaurant in the basement of city hall

From this reading “It was dusk, and the lights of the Rathskeller began to twinkle out one by one.”

All words in this reading · 69

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The ceiling was low, with octagonal vaults like a cloister.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading Beneath were legends and proverbs, printed in quaint, old-German characters; while across one end, like a frieze, ran a ledge carven with gargoyles, rude and misshapen.

alcovesnounUS /ˈælkoʊvz/

plural of “alcove” — a small recess opening off a larger room

From this reading The Keller was long and rambling, divided into innumerable small alcoves and corners, partitioned by strange and antique carvings.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was dusk, and the lights of the Rathskeller began to twinkle out one by one.

antiqueadjectiveUS /ænˈtiːk/

made in or typical of earlier times and valued for its age

From this reading The Keller was long and rambling, divided into innumerable small alcoves and corners, partitioned by strange and antique carvings.

armournounUS /ˈɑːrmər/

a military unit consisting of armored fighting vehicles

From this reading On the smoke-grimed walls, here and there, were mural paintings of knights in armour, and fat peasants drinking, dimmed and half obliterated.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading It was dusk, and the lights of the Rathskeller began to twinkle out one by one.

BeneathprepositionUS /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading Beneath were legends and proverbs, printed in quaint, old-German characters; while across one end, like a frieze, ran a ledge carven with gargoyles, rude and misshapen.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading It was dusk, and the lights of the Rathskeller began to twinkle out one by one.

carvenadjective

made for or formed by carving (“carven” is archaic or literary)

From this reading Beneath were legends and proverbs, printed in quaint, old-German characters; while across one end, like a frieze, ran a ledge carven with gargoyles, rude and misshapen.

carvingsnounUS /ˈkɑːrvɪŋz/

plural of “carving” — a sculpture created by removing material (as wood or ivory or stone) in order to create a desired shape

From this reading The Keller was long and rambling, divided into innumerable small alcoves and corners, partitioned by strange and antique carvings.

ceilingnounUS /ˈsiːlɪŋ/

the overhead upper surface of a covered space

From this reading The ceiling was low, with octagonal vaults like a cloister.

charactersnounUS /ˈkærəktərz/

plural of “character” — an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading Beneath were legends and proverbs, printed in quaint, old-German characters; while across one end, like a frieze, ran a ledge carven with gargoyles, rude and misshapen.

cloisterverbUS /ˈklɔɪstər/

surround with a cloister, as of a garden

From this reading The ceiling was low, with octagonal vaults like a cloister.

cornersnounUS /ˈkɔːrnərz/

plural of “corner” — a place off to the side of an area

From this reading The Keller was long and rambling, divided into innumerable small alcoves and corners, partitioned by strange and antique carvings.

dimmedadjectiveUS /dɪmd/

made dim or less bright

From this reading On the smoke-grimed walls, here and there, were mural paintings of knights in armour, and fat peasants drinking, dimmed and half obliterated.

dividedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaɪdɪd/

separated into parts or pieces

From this reading The Keller was long and rambling, divided into innumerable small alcoves and corners, partitioned by strange and antique carvings.

drinkingnounUS /ˈdrɪŋkɪŋ/

the act of consuming liquids

From this reading On the smoke-grimed walls, here and there, were mural paintings of knights in armour, and fat peasants drinking, dimmed and half obliterated.

dusknounUS /dʌsk/

the time of day immediately following sunset

From this reading It was dusk, and the lights of the Rathskeller began to twinkle out one by one.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Beneath were legends and proverbs, printed in quaint, old-German characters; while across one end, like a frieze, ran a ledge carven with gargoyles, rude and misshapen.

fatadjectiveUS /fæt/

having an (over)abundance of flesh

From this reading On the smoke-grimed walls, here and there, were mural paintings of knights in armour, and fat peasants drinking, dimmed and half obliterated.

friezenounUS /friːz/

an architectural ornament consisting of a horizontal sculptured band between the architrave and the cornice

From this reading Beneath were legends and proverbs, printed in quaint, old-German characters; while across one end, like a frieze, ran a ledge carven with gargoyles, rude and misshapen.

gargoylesnounUS /ˈɡɑːrɡɔɪlz/

plural of “gargoyle” — a spout that terminates in a grotesquely carved figure of a person or animal

From this reading Beneath were legends and proverbs, printed in quaint, old-German characters; while across one end, like a frieze, ran a ledge carven with gargoyles, rude and misshapen.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading On the smoke-grimed walls, here and there, were mural paintings of knights in armour, and fat peasants drinking, dimmed and half obliterated.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading On the smoke-grimed walls, here and there, were mural paintings of knights in armour, and fat peasants drinking, dimmed and half obliterated.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading On the smoke-grimed walls, here and there, were mural paintings of knights in armour, and fat peasants drinking, dimmed and half obliterated.

innumerableadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈnuːmərəbəl/

too numerous to be counted

From this reading The Keller was long and rambling, divided into innumerable small alcoves and corners, partitioned by strange and antique carvings.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The Keller was long and rambling, divided into innumerable small alcoves and corners, partitioned by strange and antique carvings.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was dusk, and the lights of the Rathskeller began to twinkle out one by one.

KellernounUS /ˈkelər/

United States lecturer and writer who was blind and deaf from the age of 19 months

From this reading The Keller was long and rambling, divided into innumerable small alcoves and corners, partitioned by strange and antique carvings.

knightsnounUS /naɪts/

plural of “knight” — originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit

From this reading On the smoke-grimed walls, here and there, were mural paintings of knights in armour, and fat peasants drinking, dimmed and half obliterated.

ledgenounUS /ledʒ/

a projecting ridge on a mountain or submerged under water

From this reading Beneath were legends and proverbs, printed in quaint, old-German characters; while across one end, like a frieze, ran a ledge carven with gargoyles, rude and misshapen.

legendsnounUS /ˈledʒəndz/

plural of “legend” — a story about mythical or supernatural beings or events

From this reading Beneath were legends and proverbs, printed in quaint, old-German characters; while across one end, like a frieze, ran a ledge carven with gargoyles, rude and misshapen.

lightsnounUS /laɪts/

plural of “light” — (physics) electromagnetic radiation that can produce a visual sensation

From this reading It was dusk, and the lights of the Rathskeller began to twinkle out one by one.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The ceiling was low, with octagonal vaults like a cloister.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The Keller was long and rambling, divided into innumerable small alcoves and corners, partitioned by strange and antique carvings.

lowadjectiveUS /loʊ/

less than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading The ceiling was low, with octagonal vaults like a cloister.

misshapenadjectiveUS /mɪsˈʃeɪpən/

so badly formed or out of shape as to be ugly

From this reading Beneath were legends and proverbs, printed in quaint, old-German characters; while across one end, like a frieze, ran a ledge carven with gargoyles, rude and misshapen.

muralnounUS /ˈmjʊrəl/

a painting that is applied to a wall surface

From this reading On the smoke-grimed walls, here and there, were mural paintings of knights in armour, and fat peasants drinking, dimmed and half obliterated.

obliteratedadjectiveUS /əˈblɪtəreɪtɪd/

reduced to nothingness

From this reading On the smoke-grimed walls, here and there, were mural paintings of knights in armour, and fat peasants drinking, dimmed and half obliterated.

octagonaladjectiveUS /ɑːkˈtæɡənəl/

of or relating to or shaped like an octagon

From this reading The ceiling was low, with octagonal vaults like a cloister.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was dusk, and the lights of the Rathskeller began to twinkle out one by one.

old-German

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Beneath were legends and proverbs, printed in quaint, old-German characters; while across one end, like a frieze, ran a ledge carven with gargoyles, rude and misshapen.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the smoke-grimed walls, here and there, were mural paintings of knights in armour, and fat peasants drinking, dimmed and half obliterated.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading It was dusk, and the lights of the Rathskeller began to twinkle out one by one.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading It was dusk, and the lights of the Rathskeller began to twinkle out one by one.

paintingsnounUS /ˈpeɪntɪŋz/

plural of “painting” — graphic art consisting of an artistic composition made by applying paints to a surface

From this reading On the smoke-grimed walls, here and there, were mural paintings of knights in armour, and fat peasants drinking, dimmed and half obliterated.

partitionedverbUS /pɑːrˈtɪʃənd/

past form of “partition” — divide into parts, pieces, or sections

From this reading The Keller was long and rambling, divided into innumerable small alcoves and corners, partitioned by strange and antique carvings.

peasantsnounUS /ˈpezənts/

plural of “peasant” — a country person

From this reading On the smoke-grimed walls, here and there, were mural paintings of knights in armour, and fat peasants drinking, dimmed and half obliterated.

printedverbUS /ˈprɪntɪd/

past form of “print” — put into print

From this reading Beneath were legends and proverbs, printed in quaint, old-German characters; while across one end, like a frieze, ran a ledge carven with gargoyles, rude and misshapen.

proverbsnounUS /ˈprɑːvərbz/

an Old Testament book consisting of proverbs from various Israeli sages (including Solomon)

From this reading Beneath were legends and proverbs, printed in quaint, old-German characters; while across one end, like a frieze, ran a ledge carven with gargoyles, rude and misshapen.

quaintadjectiveUS /kweɪnt/

strange in an interesting or pleasing way

From this reading Beneath were legends and proverbs, printed in quaint, old-German characters; while across one end, like a frieze, ran a ledge carven with gargoyles, rude and misshapen.

ramblingadjectiveUS /ˈræmblɪŋ/

spreading out in different directions or distributed irregularly

From this reading The Keller was long and rambling, divided into innumerable small alcoves and corners, partitioned by strange and antique carvings.

ranverbUS /ræn/

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading Beneath were legends and proverbs, printed in quaint, old-German characters; while across one end, like a frieze, ran a ledge carven with gargoyles, rude and misshapen.

RathskellernounUS /ˈræθskelər/

a tavern below street level featuring beer; originally a German restaurant in the basement of city hall

From this reading It was dusk, and the lights of the Rathskeller began to twinkle out one by one.

rudeadjectiveUS /ruːd/

socially incorrect in behavior

From this reading Beneath were legends and proverbs, printed in quaint, old-German characters; while across one end, like a frieze, ran a ledge carven with gargoyles, rude and misshapen.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The Keller was long and rambling, divided into innumerable small alcoves and corners, partitioned by strange and antique carvings.

smoke-grimed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the smoke-grimed walls, here and there, were mural paintings of knights in armour, and fat peasants drinking, dimmed and half obliterated.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading The Keller was long and rambling, divided into innumerable small alcoves and corners, partitioned by strange and antique carvings.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It was dusk, and the lights of the Rathskeller began to twinkle out one by one.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading On the smoke-grimed walls, here and there, were mural paintings of knights in armour, and fat peasants drinking, dimmed and half obliterated.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It was dusk, and the lights of the Rathskeller began to twinkle out one by one.

twinkleverbUS /ˈtwɪŋkəl/

gleam or glow intermittently

From this reading It was dusk, and the lights of the Rathskeller began to twinkle out one by one.

vaultsnounUS /vɔːlts/

plural of “vault” — a burial chamber (usually underground)

From this reading The ceiling was low, with octagonal vaults like a cloister.

wallsnounUS /wɔːlz/

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading On the smoke-grimed walls, here and there, were mural paintings of knights in armour, and fat peasants drinking, dimmed and half obliterated.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was dusk, and the lights of the Rathskeller began to twinkle out one by one.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading On the smoke-grimed walls, here and there, were mural paintings of knights in armour, and fat peasants drinking, dimmed and half obliterated.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Beneath were legends and proverbs, printed in quaint, old-German characters; while across one end, like a frieze, ran a ledge carven with gargoyles, rude and misshapen.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The ceiling was low, with octagonal vaults like a cloister.

Chapter 20 of The Black Cross by Olive M. (Olive Mary) Briggs holds 166 sentences, grouped into 34 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of The Black Cross contain?

Chapter 20 holds 166 sentences of The Black Cross, unabridged, divided into 34 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of The Black Cross by Olive M. (Olive Mary) Briggs exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 166 sentences, grouped into 34 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of The Black Cross?

Work through the 34 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 34 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Black Cross

Common questions about reading The Black Cross by Olive M. (Olive Mary) Briggs on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Black Cross?

Yes. All 5261 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #21259 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Black Cross is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #21259, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Black Cross take to read?

About 438 minutes of reading across 1053 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Black Cross section by section

How to work through The Black Cross section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 24 chapters of The Black Cross to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Black Cross

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Black Cross, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Night
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Black Cross; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Petersburg
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Black Cross; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Heavens
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Black Cross; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Domes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Black Cross; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.