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The Black Lion Inn
The Black Lion Inn

Chapter IV · That Tobacco Upset

Chapter IV of The Black Lion Inn, “That Tobacco Upset,” is here in full — 176 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/35 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.
I was twenty-one at the time; my majority arrived on the day when Lee piled his arms and surrendered to Grant at Appomatox.
A captain at twenty-one?
That was not strange, my friends, in a time when boys of twenty-two were wearing the wreath of a brigadier.
The war was fought by boys, not men;--like every other war.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Black Lion Inn

Chapter IV · That Tobacco Upset

Chapter IV of The Black Lion Inn, “That Tobacco Upset,” is here in full — 176 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/35 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.
/wen ðə wɔːr wɑːz dʌn ənd ðə ˈbætəl flæɡz ʌv ðæt kənˈfedərəsi wɪtʃ hæd bɪn maɪ ˈswiːthɑːrt wɜːr roʊld taɪt tuː ðer steɪvz ənd leɪd əˈweɪ ɪn ˈmɔːrnfəl ˈdʌsti ˈkɔːrnərz tuː ˈmoʊldər ənd biː fərˈɡɑːt aɪ kʌt ðoʊz ˈbʌtənz ənd ɡoʊld endz ʌv breɪd frʌm maɪ ˈjuːnəfɔːrm wɪtʃ toʊld ʌv miː æz ə wʌns ˈkæptən ʌv ˈrebəlz ənd tɜːrnd maɪ feɪs təˈwɔːrdz nuː jɔːrk/
Line 2
I was twenty-one at the time; my majority arrived on the day when Lee piled his arms and surrendered to Grant at Appomatox.
Line 3
A captain at twenty-one?
/ə ˈkæptən æt ˈtwentiwɔːn/
Line 4
That was not strange, my friends, in a time when boys of twenty-two were wearing the wreath of a brigadier.
/ðæt wɑːz nɑːt streɪndʒ maɪ frendz ɪn ə taɪm wen bɔɪz ʌv ˈtwentituː wɜːr ˈwerɪŋ ðə riːθ ʌv ə ˌbrɪɡəˈdɪr/
Line 5
The war was fought by boys, not men;--like every other war.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

braid verb US /breɪd/

make by braiding or interlacing

From this reading “When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.”

brigadier noun US /ˌbrɪɡəˈdɪr/

a general officer ranking below a major general

From this reading “That was not strange, my friends, in a time when boys of twenty-two were wearing the wreath of a brigadier.”

confederacy noun US /kənˈfedərəsi/

the southern states that seceded from the United States in 1861

From this reading “When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.”

moulder verb US /ˈmoʊldər/

break down

From this reading “When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.”

staves noun US /steɪvz/

plural of “stave” — (music) the system of five horizontal lines on which the musical notes are written

From this reading “When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.”

surrendered verb US /sərˈendərd/

past form of “surrender” — give up or agree to forgo to the power or possession of another

From this reading “I was twenty-one at the time; my majority arrived on the day when Lee piled his arms and surrendered to Grant at Appomatox.”

twenty-one noun US /ˈtwentiwɔːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty and one

From this reading “I was twenty-one at the time; my majority arrived on the day when Lee piled his arms and surrendered to Grant at Appomatox.”

twenty-two noun US /ˈtwentituː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty-one and one

From this reading “That was not strange, my friends, in a time when boys of twenty-two were wearing the wreath of a brigadier.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

at the time preposition + article + noun counted as “at … time”

simultaneously

In this reading “I was twenty-one at the time; my majority arrived on the day when Lee piled his arms and surrendered to Grant at Appomatox.”

All words in this reading · 80

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

Appomatox

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I was twenty-one at the time; my majority arrived on the day when Lee piled his arms and surrendered to Grant at Appomatox.

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading I was twenty-one at the time; my majority arrived on the day when Lee piled his arms and surrendered to Grant at Appomatox.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading I was twenty-one at the time; my majority arrived on the day when Lee piled his arms and surrendered to Grant at Appomatox.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading I was twenty-one at the time; my majority arrived on the day when Lee piled his arms and surrendered to Grant at Appomatox.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

boysnounUS /bɔɪz/

plural of “boy” — a youthful male person

From this reading That was not strange, my friends, in a time when boys of twenty-two were wearing the wreath of a brigadier.

braidverbUS /breɪd/

make by braiding or interlacing

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

brigadiernounUS /ˌbrɪɡəˈdɪr/

a general officer ranking below a major general

From this reading That was not strange, my friends, in a time when boys of twenty-two were wearing the wreath of a brigadier.

buttonsnounUS /ˈbʌtənz/

plural of “button” — a round fastener sewn to shirts and coats etc to fit through buttonholes

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The war was fought by boys, not men;--like every other war.

captainnounUS /ˈkæptən/

an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

confederacynounUS /kənˈfedərəsi/

the southern states that seceded from the United States in 1861

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

cornersnounUS /ˈkɔːrnərz/

plural of “corner” — a place off to the side of an area

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

cutverbUS /kʌt/

separate with or as if with an instrument

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading I was twenty-one at the time; my majority arrived on the day when Lee piled his arms and surrendered to Grant at Appomatox.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

dustyadjectiveUS /ˈdʌsti/

covered with a layer of dust

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

endsnounUS /endz/

plural of “end” — either extremity of something that has length

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading The war was fought by boys, not men;--like every other war.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

flagsnounUS /flæɡz/

plural of “flag” — emblem usually consisting of a rectangular piece of cloth of distinctive design

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

forgotverbUS /fərˈɡɑːt/

inflected form of “forget” — dismiss from the mind; stop remembering

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

foughtverbUS /fɔːt/

inflected form of “fight” — be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading The war was fought by boys, not men;--like every other war.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading That was not strange, my friends, in a time when boys of twenty-two were wearing the wreath of a brigadier.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

goldnounUS /ɡoʊld/

coins made of gold

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

GrantverbUS /ɡrænt/

let have

From this reading I was twenty-one at the time; my majority arrived on the day when Lee piled his arms and surrendered to Grant at Appomatox.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading I was twenty-one at the time; my majority arrived on the day when Lee piled his arms and surrendered to Grant at Appomatox.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

laidadjectiveUS /leɪd/

set down according to a plan

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

LeenounUS /liː/

United States filmmaker whose works explore the richness of black culture in America (born in 1957)

From this reading I was twenty-one at the time; my majority arrived on the day when Lee piled his arms and surrendered to Grant at Appomatox.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The war was fought by boys, not men;--like every other war.

majoritynounUS /məˈdʒɔːrəti/

the property resulting from being or relating to the greater in number of two parts; the main part

From this reading I was twenty-one at the time; my majority arrived on the day when Lee piled his arms and surrendered to Grant at Appomatox.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading The war was fought by boys, not men;--like every other war.

moulderverbUS /ˈmoʊldər/

break down

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

mournfuladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrnfəl/

expressing sorrow

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading That was not strange, my friends, in a time when boys of twenty-two were wearing the wreath of a brigadier.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading I was twenty-one at the time; my majority arrived on the day when Lee piled his arms and surrendered to Grant at Appomatox.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The war was fought by boys, not men;--like every other war.

piledverbUS /paɪld/

past form of “pile” — arrange in stacks

From this reading I was twenty-one at the time; my majority arrived on the day when Lee piled his arms and surrendered to Grant at Appomatox.

rebelsnounUS /ˈrebəlz/

plural of “rebel” — “Johnny” was applied as a nickname for Confederate soldiers by the Federal soldiers in the American Civil War; “greyback” derived from their grey Confederate uniforms

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

rolledadjectiveUS /roʊld/

especially of petals or leaves in bud; having margins rolled inward

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

stavesnounUS /steɪvz/

plural of “stave” — (music) the system of five horizontal lines on which the musical notes are written

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading That was not strange, my friends, in a time when boys of twenty-two were wearing the wreath of a brigadier.

surrenderedverbUS /sərˈendərd/

past form of “surrender” — give up or agree to forgo to the power or possession of another

From this reading I was twenty-one at the time; my majority arrived on the day when Lee piled his arms and surrendered to Grant at Appomatox.

sweetheartnounUS /ˈswiːthɑːrt/

a person loved by another person

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

tightadjectiveUS /taɪt/

closely constrained or constricted or constricting

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading I was twenty-one at the time; my majority arrived on the day when Lee piled his arms and surrendered to Grant at Appomatox.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

twenty-onenounUS /ˈtwentiwɔːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty and one

From this reading I was twenty-one at the time; my majority arrived on the day when Lee piled his arms and surrendered to Grant at Appomatox.

twenty-twonounUS /ˈtwentituː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty-one and one

From this reading That was not strange, my friends, in a time when boys of twenty-two were wearing the wreath of a brigadier.

uniformadjectiveUS /ˈjuːnəfɔːrm/

always the same; showing a single form or character in all occurrences

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

wearingnounUS /ˈwerɪŋ/

(geology) the mechanical process of wearing or grinding something down (as by particles washing over it)

From this reading That was not strange, my friends, in a time when boys of twenty-two were wearing the wreath of a brigadier.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

wreathnounUS /riːθ/

flower arrangement consisting of a circular band of foliage or flowers for ornamental purposes

From this reading That was not strange, my friends, in a time when boys of twenty-two were wearing the wreath of a brigadier.

YorknounUS /jɔːrk/

the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose

From this reading When the war was done and the battle flags of that confederacy which had been my sweetheart were rolled tight to their staves and laid away in mournful, dusty corners to moulder and be forgot, I cut those buttons and gold ends of braid from my uniform, which told of me as a once captain of rebels, and turned my face towards New York.

Chapter 4 of The Black Lion Inn by Alfred Henry Lewis holds 176 sentences, grouped into 36 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Black Lion Inn contain?

Chapter 4 holds 176 sentences of The Black Lion Inn, unabridged, divided into 36 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Black Lion Inn by Alfred Henry Lewis exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 176 sentences, grouped into 36 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Black Lion Inn?

Work through the 36 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 36 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Black Lion Inn

Common questions about reading The Black Lion Inn by Alfred Henry Lewis on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Black Lion Inn?

Yes. All 4166 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #55471 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Black Lion Inn is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #55471, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Black Lion Inn take to read?

About 347 minutes of reading across 834 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Black Lion Inn section by section

How to work through The Black Lion Inn section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 27 chapters of The Black Lion Inn to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Black Lion Inn

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Black Lion Inn, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Years
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Black Lion Inn; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hoary
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Black Lion Inn; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tavern
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Black Lion Inn; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fashion
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Black Lion Inn; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.