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The Black Star: A School Story for Boys
The Black Star: A School Story for Boys

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The Black Star: A School Story for Boys is here in full — 210 sentences across 42 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Black Star: A School Story for Boys
Context Illustration Reading 1/42 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.
And then, all the horror of the Crees found voice, and they exclaimed together:
"Foul--it's a foul!"
"Scrag the dirty fouler!"
The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.
0:00 / 0:00
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
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/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Black Star: A School Story for Boys

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The Black Star: A School Story for Boys is here in full — 210 sentences across 42 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/42 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.
Line 2
And then, all the horror of the Crees found voice, and they exclaimed together:
/ənd ðen ɔːl ðə ˈhɔːrər ʌv ðə kriːz faʊnd vɔɪs ənd ðeɪ ɪkˈskleɪmd təˈɡeðər/
Line 3
"Foul--it's a foul!"
Line 4
"Scrag the dirty fouler!"
Line 5
The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

antagonist noun US /ænˈtæɡənəst/

someone who offers opposition

From this reading “THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.”

bully noun US /ˈbʊli/

a cruel and brutal fellow

From this reading “The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.”

Crees noun US /kriːz/

plural of “cree” — a member of an Algonquian people living in central Canada

From this reading “And then, all the horror of the Crees found voice, and they exclaimed together:”

foul adjective US /faʊl/

highly offensive; arousing aversion or disgust

From this reading “"Foul--it's a foul!"”

grin noun US /ɡrɪn/

a facial expression characterized by turning up the corners of the mouth; usually shows pleasure or amusement

From this reading “THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.”

offended adjective US /əˈfendəd/

emotionally hurt or upset or annoyed

From this reading “The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.”

tense noun US /tens/

a grammatical category of verbs used to express distinctions of time

From this reading “THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.”

youngster noun US /ˈjʌŋstər/

a young person of either sex

From this reading “The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

tense silence noun + noun

In this reading “THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.”

distinctly heard adverb + adjective

In this reading “THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.

actionnounUS /ˈækʃən/

something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading And then, all the horror of the Crees found voice, and they exclaimed together:

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

angryadjectiveUS /ˈæŋɡri/

feeling or showing anger

From this reading The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.

antagonistnounUS /ænˈtæɡənəst/

someone who offers opposition

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

BOOTLACEnoun

a long lace for fastening boots

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

breathingnounUS /ˈbriːðɪŋ/

the bodily process of inhalation and exhalation; the process of taking in oxygen from inhaled air and releasing carbon dioxide by exhalation

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

BROKENadjectiveUS /ˈbroʊkən/

physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

bullynounUS /ˈbʊli/

a cruel and brutal fellow

From this reading The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

CreesnounUS /kriːz/

plural of “cree” — a member of an Algonquian people living in central Canada

From this reading And then, all the horror of the Crees found voice, and they exclaimed together:

criesnounUS /kraɪz/

plural of “cry” — a loud utterance; often in protest or opposition

From this reading The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.

Cummles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

dirtyadjectiveUS /ˈdɜːrti/

soiled or likely to soil with dirt or grime

From this reading "Scrag the dirty fouler!"

distinctlyadverbUS /dɪˈstɪŋktli/

clear to the mind; with distinct mental discernment

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

exclaimedverbUS /ɪkˈskleɪmd/

past form of “exclaim” — utter aloud; often with surprise, horror, or joy

From this reading And then, all the horror of the Crees found voice, and they exclaimed together:

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.

Fane

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.

fastadverbUS /fæst/

quickly or rapidly (often used as a combining form)

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.

FouladjectiveUS /faʊl/

highly offensive; arousing aversion or disgust

From this reading "Foul--it's a foul!"

fouler

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Scrag the dirty fouler!"

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading And then, all the horror of the Crees found voice, and they exclaimed together:

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

grinnounUS /ɡrɪn/

a facial expression characterized by turning up the corners of the mouth; usually shows pleasure or amusement

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

horrornounUS /ˈhɔːrər/

intense and profound fear

From this reading And then, all the horror of the Crees found voice, and they exclaimed together:

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

it's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Foul--it's a foul!"

loudadjectiveUS /laʊd/

characterized by or producing sound of great volume or intensity

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

loweredadjectiveUS /ˈloʊərd/

below the surround or below the normal position

From this reading The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

offendedadjectiveUS /əˈfendəd/

emotionally hurt or upset or annoyed

From this reading The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

playverbUS /pleɪ/

participate in games or sport

From this reading The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.

pressedadjectiveUS /prest/

compacted by ironing

From this reading The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.

ringverbUS /rɪŋ/

sound loudly and sonorously

From this reading The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.

rulesnounUS /ruːlz/

plural of “rule” — a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.

Scragnoun

a person who is unusually thin and scrawny

From this reading "Scrag the dirty fouler!"

silencenounUS /ˈsaɪ.ləns/

Complete absence of sound; a state of quietness and stillness.

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

soundnounUS /saʊnd/

the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

strikingadjectiveUS /ˈstraɪkɪŋ/

sensational in appearance or thrilling in effect

From this reading The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.

tensenounUS /tens/

a grammatical category of verbs used to express distinctions of time

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading And then, all the horror of the Crees found voice, and they exclaimed together:

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading And then, all the horror of the Crees found voice, and they exclaimed together:

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading And then, all the horror of the Crees found voice, and they exclaimed together:

triumphnounUS /ˈtraɪəmf/

a successful ending of a struggle or contest

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

twistedadjectiveUS /ˈtwɪstɪd/

having an intended meaning altered or misrepresented

From this reading THE BROKEN BOOTLACE Cummles stood back from his antagonist, a twisted grin of triumph on his face, and, in the tense silence that followed, the loud and fast sound of his breathing could be distinctly heard.

voicenounUS /vɔɪs/

the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading And then, all the horror of the Crees found voice, and they exclaimed together:

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.

youngsternounUS /ˈjʌŋstər/

a young person of either sex

From this reading The ring pressed round about Cummles with angry cries, for the bully had offended all rules of fair play by his action in striking Fane when that youngster had lowered his hands.

Chapter 4 of The Black Star: A School Story for Boys by Andrew H. Walpole holds 210 sentences, grouped into 42 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Black Star: A School Story for Boys contain?

Chapter 4 holds 210 sentences of The Black Star: A School Story for Boys, unabridged, divided into 42 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Black Star: A School Story for Boys by Andrew H. Walpole exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 210 sentences, grouped into 42 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Black Star: A School Story for Boys?

Work through the 42 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 42 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Black Star: A School Story for Boys

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Black Star: A School Story for Boys, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of The Black Star: A School Story for Boys, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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