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The Blackguard
The Blackguard

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of The Blackguard is here in full — 77 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
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Mr. Burrows was gravely disturbed.
Sufficient had been his responsibility ever since a dying sister bequeathed to him the guardianship of her child.
At first he had not taken the matter very seriously.
The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.
Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Blackguard

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of The Blackguard is here in full — 77 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Mr. Burrows was gravely disturbed.
/ˈmɪstər ˈbɜːroʊz wɑːz ˈɡreɪvli dɪˈstɜːrbd/
Line 2
Sufficient had been his responsibility ever since a dying sister bequeathed to him the guardianship of her child.
/səˈfɪʃənt hæd bɪn hɪz riˌspɑːnsəˈbɪləti ˈevər sɪns ə ˈdaɪɪŋ ˈsɪstər bəˈkwiːθt tuː hɪm ðə ˈɡɑːrdiənʃɪp ʌv hɜːr tʃaɪld/
Line 3
At first he had not taken the matter very seriously.
/æt fɜːrst hiː hæd nɑːt ˈteɪkən ðə ˈmætər ˈveri ˈsɪriəsli/
Line 4
The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.
/ðə ɡɜːrl wɑːz æt skuːl ˈdaʊtləs ˈbiːɪŋ wel kerd fɔːr bʌt ˈprezəntli ˌɔːlˈðoʊ ˈevəri ˈdɑːlər hiː kʊd reɪz wɑːz ˈniːdəd fɔːr ˈkɑːstli ˈmaɪnɪŋ məˈʃiːnəri hiː hæd tuː peɪ hɜːr tjuːˈɪʃən fiːz/
Line 5
Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bequeathed verb US /bəˈkwiːθt/

past form of “bequeath” — leave or give by will after one's death

From this reading “Sufficient had been his responsibility ever since a dying sister bequeathed to him the guardianship of her child.”

Burrows noun US /ˈbɜːroʊz/

plural of “burrow” — a hole made by an animal, usually for shelter

From this reading “Mr. Burrows was gravely disturbed.”

deftly adverb US /ˈdeftli/

with dexterity; in a dexterous manner

From this reading “Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.”

fees noun US /fiːz/

plural of “fee” — a fixed charge for a privilege or for professional services

From this reading “The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.”

guardianship noun US /ˈɡɑːrdiənʃɪp/

attention and management implying responsibility for safety

From this reading “Sufficient had been his responsibility ever since a dying sister bequeathed to him the guardianship of her child.”

hinting verb US /ˈhɪntɪŋ/

-ing form of “hint” — drop a hint; intimate by a hint

From this reading “Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.”

mining noun US /ˈmaɪnɪŋ/

the act of extracting ores or coal etc from the earth

From this reading “The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.”

tuition noun US /tjuːˈɪʃən/

a fee paid for instruction (especially for higher education)

From this reading “The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

reached an age verb + article + noun counted as “reach … age”

In this reading “Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.”

at school preposition + noun

In this reading “The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Sufficient had been his responsibility ever since a dying sister bequeathed to him the guardianship of her child.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At first he had not taken the matter very seriously.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Sufficient had been his responsibility ever since a dying sister bequeathed to him the guardianship of her child.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.

bequeathedverbUS /bəˈkwiːθt/

past form of “bequeath” — leave or give by will after one's death

From this reading Sufficient had been his responsibility ever since a dying sister bequeathed to him the guardianship of her child.

BurrowsnounUS /ˈbɜːroʊz/

plural of “burrow” — a hole made by an animal, usually for shelter

From this reading Mr. Burrows was gravely disturbed.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.

caredverbUS /kerd/

past form of “care” — feel concern or interest

From this reading The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.

chaperonnoun

one who accompanies and supervises a young woman or gatherings of young people

From this reading Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.

childnounUS /tʃaɪld/

a young person of either sex

From this reading Sufficient had been his responsibility ever since a dying sister bequeathed to him the guardianship of her child.

costlyadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːstli/

entailing great loss or sacrifice

From this reading The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.

deftlyadverbUS /ˈdeftli/

with dexterity; in a dexterous manner

From this reading Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.

desirableadjectiveUS /dɪˈzaɪrəbəl/

worth having or seeking or achieving

From this reading Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.

disturbedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɜːrbd/

having the place or position changed

From this reading Mr. Burrows was gravely disturbed.

dollarnounUS /ˈdɑːlər/

the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents

From this reading The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.

doubtlessadverbUS /ˈdaʊtləs/

without doubt; certainly

From this reading The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.

dyingadjectiveUS /ˈdaɪɪŋ/

in or associated with the process of passing from life or ceasing to be

From this reading Sufficient had been his responsibility ever since a dying sister bequeathed to him the guardianship of her child.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Sufficient had been his responsibility ever since a dying sister bequeathed to him the guardianship of her child.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.

feesnounUS /fiːz/

plural of “fee” — a fixed charge for a privilege or for professional services

From this reading The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading At first he had not taken the matter very seriously.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.

girlnounUS /ɡɜːrl/

a young female

From this reading The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.

gravelyadverbUS /ˈɡreɪvli/

in a grave and sober manner

From this reading Mr. Burrows was gravely disturbed.

guardianshipnounUS /ˈɡɑːrdiənʃɪp/

attention and management implying responsibility for safety

From this reading Sufficient had been his responsibility ever since a dying sister bequeathed to him the guardianship of her child.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Sufficient had been his responsibility ever since a dying sister bequeathed to him the guardianship of her child.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading At first he had not taken the matter very seriously.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Sufficient had been his responsibility ever since a dying sister bequeathed to him the guardianship of her child.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Sufficient had been his responsibility ever since a dying sister bequeathed to him the guardianship of her child.

hintingverbUS /ˈhɪntɪŋ/

-ing form of “hint” — drop a hint; intimate by a hint

From this reading Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Sufficient had been his responsibility ever since a dying sister bequeathed to him the guardianship of her child.

influencenounUS /ˈɪnfluːəns/

a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.

LadynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.

machinerynounUS /məˈʃiːnəri/

machines or machine systems collectively

From this reading The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading At first he had not taken the matter very seriously.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.

miningnounUS /ˈmaɪnɪŋ/

the act of extracting ores or coal etc from the earth

From this reading The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Mr. Burrows was gravely disturbed.

neededadjectiveUS /ˈniːdəd/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading At first he had not taken the matter very seriously.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Sufficient had been his responsibility ever since a dying sister bequeathed to him the guardianship of her child.

payverbUS /peɪ/

give money, usually in exchange for goods or services

From this reading The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.

presentlyadverbUS /ˈprezəntli/

in the near future

From this reading The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.

pupilnounUS /ˈpjuːpəl/

a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution

From this reading Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.

raiseverbUS /reɪz/

raise the level or amount of something

From this reading The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.

responsibilitynounUS /riˌspɑːnsəˈbɪləti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading Sufficient had been his responsibility ever since a dying sister bequeathed to him the guardianship of her child.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.

seriouslyadverbUS /ˈsɪriəsli/

in a serious manner

From this reading At first he had not taken the matter very seriously.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading Sufficient had been his responsibility ever since a dying sister bequeathed to him the guardianship of her child.

sisternounUS /ˈsɪstər/

a female person who has the same parents as another person

From this reading Sufficient had been his responsibility ever since a dying sister bequeathed to him the guardianship of her child.

SufficientadjectiveUS /səˈfɪʃənt/

of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant

From this reading Sufficient had been his responsibility ever since a dying sister bequeathed to him the guardianship of her child.

SuperintendentnounUS /ˌsuːpərənˈtendənt/

a person who directs and manages an organization

From this reading Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading At first he had not taken the matter very seriously.

teachernounUS /ˈtiːtʃər/

a person whose occupation is teaching

From this reading Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Sufficient had been his responsibility ever since a dying sister bequeathed to him the guardianship of her child.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Sufficient had been his responsibility ever since a dying sister bequeathed to him the guardianship of her child.

tuitionnounUS /tjuːˈɪʃən/

a fee paid for instruction (especially for higher education)

From this reading The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading At first he had not taken the matter very seriously.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Mr. Burrows was gravely disturbed.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading The girl was at school, doubtless being well cared for, but presently, although every dollar he could raise was needed for costly mining machinery, he had to pay her tuition fees.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.

wroteverbUS /roʊt/

inflected form of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading Then the Lady Superintendent wrote, hinting deftly that her pupil had reached an age when the chaperon might have a more desirable influence than a teacher.

Chapter 12 of The Blackguard by Roger Pocock holds 77 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of The Blackguard contain?

Chapter 12 holds 77 sentences of The Blackguard, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of The Blackguard by Roger Pocock exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 77 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of The Blackguard?

Work through the 16 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 16 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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