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The Bobbin Boy
The Bobbin Boy

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of The Bobbin Boy is here in full — 219 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Bobbin Boy
Context Illustration Reading 1/43 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
EULOGY BY JOHN QUINCY ADAMS.
One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.
At a machine-shop there, he pursued his business a short time, for the purpose of earning the means to defray his expenses while studying.
"John Quincy Adams is to deliver a eulogy on Madison at the old Federal Street Theatre to-morrow," said one of the hands.
"At what time?" inquired Nat.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Bobbin Boy

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of The Bobbin Boy is here in full — 219 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/43 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
EULOGY BY JOHN QUINCY ADAMS.
/ˈjuːlədʒi baɪ dʒɑːn ˈkwɪnsi ˈædəmz/
Line 2
One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.
Line 3
At a machine-shop there, he pursued his business a short time, for the purpose of earning the means to defray his expenses while studying.
Line 4
"John Quincy Adams is to deliver a eulogy on Madison at the old Federal Street Theatre to-morrow," said one of the hands.
Line 5
"At what time?" inquired Nat.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

defray verb US /dɪˈfreɪ/

bear the expenses of

From this reading “At a machine-shop there, he pursued his business a short time, for the purpose of earning the means to defray his expenses while studying.”

earning verb US /ˈɜːrnɪŋ/

-ing form of “earn” — earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages

From this reading “At a machine-shop there, he pursued his business a short time, for the purpose of earning the means to defray his expenses while studying.”

eulogy noun US /ˈjuːlədʒi/

a formal expression of praise for someone who has died recently

From this reading “EULOGY BY JOHN QUINCY ADAMS.”

Federal adjective US /ˈfedərəl/

national; especially in reference to the government of the United States as distinct from that of its member units

From this reading “"John Quincy Adams is to deliver a eulogy on Madison at the old Federal Street Theatre to-morrow," said one of the hands.”

Madison noun US /ˈmædəsən/

4th President of the United States; member of the Continental Congress and rapporteur at the Constitutional Convention in 1776; helped frame the Bill of Rights (1751-1836)

From this reading “"John Quincy Adams is to deliver a eulogy on Madison at the old Federal Street Theatre to-morrow," said one of the hands.”

periods noun US /ˈpɪriədz/

plural of “period” — an amount of time

From this reading “One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.”

quincy noun US /ˈkwɪnsi/

American patriot who presented the colonists' grievances to the English king (1744-1775)

From this reading “EULOGY BY JOHN QUINCY ADAMS.”

systematically adverb US /ˌsɪstəˈmætɪkli/

in a systematic or consistent manner

From this reading “One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.”

All words in this reading · 57

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading At a machine-shop there, he pursued his business a short time, for the purpose of earning the means to defray his expenses while studying.

ADAMSnounUS /ˈædəmz/

American Revolutionary leader and patriot; an organizer of the Boston Tea Party and signer of the Declaration of Independence (1722-1803)

From this reading EULOGY BY JOHN QUINCY ADAMS.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

BostonnounUS /ˈbɑːstən/

state capital and largest city of Massachusetts; a major center for banking and financial services

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

briefadjectiveUS /briːf/

of short duration or distance

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading At a machine-shop there, he pursued his business a short time, for the purpose of earning the means to defray his expenses while studying.

BYprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading EULOGY BY JOHN QUINCY ADAMS.

commencedverbUS /kəˈmenst/

past form of “commence” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

DamnounUS /dæm/

a barrier constructed to contain the flow of water or to keep out the sea

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

defrayverbUS /dɪˈfreɪ/

bear the expenses of

From this reading At a machine-shop there, he pursued his business a short time, for the purpose of earning the means to defray his expenses while studying.

deliververbUS /dɪˈlɪvər/

deliver (a speech, oration, or idea)

From this reading "John Quincy Adams is to deliver a eulogy on Madison at the old Federal Street Theatre to-morrow," said one of the hands.

earningverbUS /ˈɜːrnɪŋ/

-ing form of “earn” — earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages

From this reading At a machine-shop there, he pursued his business a short time, for the purpose of earning the means to defray his expenses while studying.

EULOGYnounUS /ˈjuːlədʒi/

a formal expression of praise for someone who has died recently

From this reading EULOGY BY JOHN QUINCY ADAMS.

expensesnounUS /ɪkˈspensəz/

plural of “expense” — amounts paid for goods and services that may be currently tax deductible (as opposed to capital expenditures)

From this reading At a machine-shop there, he pursued his business a short time, for the purpose of earning the means to defray his expenses while studying.

FederaladjectiveUS /ˈfedərəl/

national; especially in reference to the government of the United States as distinct from that of its member units

From this reading "John Quincy Adams is to deliver a eulogy on Madison at the old Federal Street Theatre to-morrow," said one of the hands.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading At a machine-shop there, he pursued his business a short time, for the purpose of earning the means to defray his expenses while studying.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading "John Quincy Adams is to deliver a eulogy on Madison at the old Federal Street Theatre to-morrow," said one of the hands.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

inquiredverbUS /ˌɪnˈkwaɪərd/

past form of “inquire” — address a question to and expect an answer from

From this reading "At what time?" inquired Nat.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "John Quincy Adams is to deliver a eulogy on Madison at the old Federal Street Theatre to-morrow," said one of the hands.

JOHNnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading EULOGY BY JOHN QUINCY ADAMS.

machine-shop

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At a machine-shop there, he pursued his business a short time, for the purpose of earning the means to defray his expenses while studying.

MadisonnounUS /ˈmædəsən/

4th President of the United States; member of the Continental Congress and rapporteur at the Constitutional Convention in 1776; helped frame the Bill of Rights (1751-1836)

From this reading "John Quincy Adams is to deliver a eulogy on Madison at the old Federal Street Theatre to-morrow," said one of the hands.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading At a machine-shop there, he pursued his business a short time, for the purpose of earning the means to defray his expenses while studying.

MillverbUS /mɪl/

move about in a confused manner

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

Nat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading "John Quincy Adams is to deliver a eulogy on Madison at the old Federal Street Theatre to-morrow," said one of the hands.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

periodsnounUS /ˈpɪriədz/

plural of “period” — an amount of time

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading At a machine-shop there, he pursued his business a short time, for the purpose of earning the means to defray his expenses while studying.

pursuednounUS /pərˈsuːd/

a person who is being chased

From this reading At a machine-shop there, he pursued his business a short time, for the purpose of earning the means to defray his expenses while studying.

QUINCYnounUS /ˈkwɪnsi/

American patriot who presented the colonists' grievances to the English king (1744-1775)

From this reading EULOGY BY JOHN QUINCY ADAMS.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "John Quincy Adams is to deliver a eulogy on Madison at the old Federal Street Theatre to-morrow," said one of the hands.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading At a machine-shop there, he pursued his business a short time, for the purpose of earning the means to defray his expenses while studying.

spentadjectiveUS /spent/

depleted of energy, force, or strength

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

StreetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading "John Quincy Adams is to deliver a eulogy on Madison at the old Federal Street Theatre to-morrow," said one of the hands.

studynounUS /ˈstʌdi/

a detailed critical inspection

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

studyingnounUS /ˈstʌdiɪŋ/

reading carefully with intent to remember

From this reading At a machine-shop there, he pursued his business a short time, for the purpose of earning the means to defray his expenses while studying.

systematicallyadverbUS /ˌsɪstəˈmætɪkli/

in a systematic or consistent manner

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

TheatrenounUS /ˈθiːətər/

a building where theatrical performances or motion-picture shows can be presented

From this reading "John Quincy Adams is to deliver a eulogy on Madison at the old Federal Street Theatre to-morrow," said one of the hands.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading At a machine-shop there, he pursued his business a short time, for the purpose of earning the means to defray his expenses while studying.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading At a machine-shop there, he pursued his business a short time, for the purpose of earning the means to defray his expenses while studying.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

to-morrow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "John Quincy Adams is to deliver a eulogy on Madison at the old Federal Street Theatre to-morrow," said one of the hands.

tradenounUS /treɪd/

the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading "At what time?" inquired Nat.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading At a machine-shop there, he pursued his business a short time, for the purpose of earning the means to defray his expenses while studying.

workedverbUS /wɜːrkt/

past form of “work” — exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading One of the brief periods in which Nat worked at his trade, after he commenced to study more systematically, was spent on the Mill Dam in Boston.

Chapter 18 of The Bobbin Boy by William Makepeace Thayer holds 219 sentences, grouped into 44 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of The Bobbin Boy contain?

Chapter 18 holds 219 sentences of The Bobbin Boy, unabridged, divided into 44 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of The Bobbin Boy by William Makepeace Thayer exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 219 sentences, grouped into 44 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of The Bobbin Boy?

Work through the 44 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 44 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Bobbin Boy

Common questions about reading The Bobbin Boy by William Makepeace Thayer on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Bobbin Boy?

Yes. All 3607 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #19875 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Bobbin Boy is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #19875, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Bobbin Boy take to read?

About 300 minutes of reading across 722 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Bobbin Boy section by section

How to work through The Bobbin Boy section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of The Bobbin Boy to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Bobbin Boy

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Bobbin Boy, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Quarter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Bobbin Boy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Century
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Bobbin Boy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Passed--what
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Bobbin Boy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Where
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Bobbin Boy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.