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The Book of Art for Young People
The Book of Art for Young People

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of The Book of Art for Young People is here in full — 96 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/19 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.
The first thing that will strike us on our journey is the contrast between the grandeur of the churches and public buildings and the insignificance of most of the houses.
Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.
The great churches abroad were also beautiful and more elaborately decorated, in the North with sculpture and painting, in the South with marble and mosaic.
The towns competed one with another in erecting them finer and larger, and in decorating them as magnificently as they could.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Book of Art for Young People

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of The Book of Art for Young People is here in full — 96 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/19 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.
Line 2
The first thing that will strike us on our journey is the contrast between the grandeur of the churches and public buildings and the insignificance of most of the houses.
/ðə fɜːrst θɪŋ ðæt wɪl straɪk ʌs ɑːn ˈaʊər ˈdʒɜːrni ɪz ðə ˈkɑːntræst bɪˈtwiːn ðə ɡrænˈduːr ʌv ðə ˈtʃɜːrtʃɪz ənd ˈpʌblɪk ˈbɪldɪŋz ənd ðə ˌɪnsɪɡˈnjɪfɪkəns ʌv moʊst ʌv ðə ˈhaʊsəz/
Line 3
Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.
Line 4
The great churches abroad were also beautiful and more elaborately decorated, in the North with sculpture and painting, in the South with marble and mosaic.
/ðə ɡreɪt ˈtʃɜːrtʃɪz əˈbrɔːd wɜːr ˈɔːlsoʊ ˈbjuːtəfəl ənd mɔːr ɪˈlæbrətli ˈdekəreɪtɪd ɪn ðə nɔːrθ wɪð ˈskʌlptʃər ənd ˈpeɪntɪŋ ɪn ðə saʊθ wɪð ˈmɑːrbəl ənd moʊˈzeɪɪk/
Line 5
The towns competed one with another in erecting them finer and larger, and in decorating them as magnificently as they could.
/ðə taʊnz kəmˈpiːtɪd wʌn wɪð əˈnʌðər ɪn ɪˈrektɪŋ ðem ˈfaɪnər ənd ˈlɑːrdʒər ənd ɪn ˈdekəreɪtɪŋ ðem æz mæɡˈnɪfəsəntli æz ðeɪ kʊd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Cathedrals noun US /kəˈθiːdrəlz/

plural of “cathedral” — any large and important church

From this reading “Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.”

competed verb US /kəmˈpiːtɪd/

past form of “compete” — compete for something; engage in a contest; measure oneself against others

From this reading “The towns competed one with another in erecting them finer and larger, and in decorating them as magnificently as they could.”

decorating verb US /ˈdekəreɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “decorate” — make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc.

From this reading “The towns competed one with another in erecting them finer and larger, and in decorating them as magnificently as they could.”

Durham noun US /ˈdɜːrəm/

a city of north central North Carolina; site of Duke University

From this reading “Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.”

erecting noun US /ɪˈrektɪŋ/

the act of building or putting up

From this reading “The towns competed one with another in erecting them finer and larger, and in decorating them as magnificently as they could.”

insignificance noun US /ˌɪnsɪɡˈnjɪfɪkəns/

the quality of having little or no significance

From this reading “The first thing that will strike us on our journey is the contrast between the grandeur of the churches and public buildings and the insignificance of most of the houses.”

mosaic noun US /moʊˈzeɪɪk/

art consisting of a design made of small pieces of colored stone or glass

From this reading “The great churches abroad were also beautiful and more elaborately decorated, in the North with sculpture and painting, in the South with marble and mosaic.”

thirteenth adjective US /ˈθɜːr.tiːnθ/

Constituting number thirteen in a sequence.

From this reading “THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.”

All words in this reading · 105

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1200

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

1377

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

abroadadverbUS /əˈbrɔːd/

to or in a foreign country

From this reading The great churches abroad were also beautiful and more elaborately decorated, in the North with sculpture and painting, in the South with marble and mosaic.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading The great churches abroad were also beautiful and more elaborately decorated, in the North with sculpture and painting, in the South with marble and mosaic.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The first thing that will strike us on our journey is the contrast between the grandeur of the churches and public buildings and the insignificance of most of the houses.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading The towns competed one with another in erecting them finer and larger, and in decorating them as magnificently as they could.

architecturenounUS /ˈɑːrkətektʃər/

an architectural product or work

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading The great churches abroad were also beautiful and more elaborately decorated, in the North with sculpture and painting, in the South with marble and mosaic.

BeforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading The first thing that will strike us on our journey is the contrast between the grandeur of the churches and public buildings and the insignificance of most of the houses.

buildingsnounUS /ˈbɪldɪŋz/

plural of “building” — a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading The first thing that will strike us on our journey is the contrast between the grandeur of the churches and public buildings and the insignificance of most of the houses.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

CathedralnounUS /kəˈθiːdrəl/

any large and important church

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

CathedralsnounUS /kəˈθiːdrəlz/

plural of “cathedral” — any large and important church

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

CENTURYnounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

chiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

churchesnounUS /ˈtʃɜːrtʃɪz/

plural of “church” — one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading The first thing that will strike us on our journey is the contrast between the grandeur of the churches and public buildings and the insignificance of most of the houses.

competedverbUS /kəmˈpiːtɪd/

past form of “compete” — compete for something; engage in a contest; measure oneself against others

From this reading The towns competed one with another in erecting them finer and larger, and in decorating them as magnificently as they could.

contrastnounUS /ˈkɑːntræst/

the opposition or dissimilarity of things that are compared

From this reading The first thing that will strike us on our journey is the contrast between the grandeur of the churches and public buildings and the insignificance of most of the houses.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The towns competed one with another in erecting them finer and larger, and in decorating them as magnificently as they could.

countriesnounUS /ˈkʌntriz/

plural of “country” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

datenounUS /deɪt/

the specified day of the month

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

decoratedadjectiveUS /ˈdekəreɪtɪd/

provided with something intended to increase its beauty or distinction

From this reading The great churches abroad were also beautiful and more elaborately decorated, in the North with sculpture and painting, in the South with marble and mosaic.

decoratingverbUS /ˈdekəreɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “decorate” — make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc.

From this reading The towns competed one with another in erecting them finer and larger, and in decorating them as magnificently as they could.

DurhamnounUS /ˈdɜːrəm/

a city of north central North Carolina; site of Duke University

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

elaboratelyadverbUS /ɪˈlæbrətli/

with elaboration

From this reading The great churches abroad were also beautiful and more elaborately decorated, in the North with sculpture and painting, in the South with marble and mosaic.

Ely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

erectingnounUS /ɪˈrektɪŋ/

the act of building or putting up

From this reading The towns competed one with another in erecting them finer and larger, and in decorating them as magnificently as they could.

EUROPEnounUS /ˈjʊrəp/

the 2nd smallest continent (actually a vast peninsula of Eurasia); the British use “Europe” to refer to all of the continent except the British Isles

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

examplenounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəl/

an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

fineradjectiveUS /ˈfaɪnər/

(comparative of “fine”) greater in quality or excellence

From this reading The towns competed one with another in erecting them finer and larger, and in decorating them as magnificently as they could.

finestadjectiveUS /ˈfaɪnəst/

superlative of “fine” — being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

grandeurnounUS /ɡrænˈduːr/

the quality of being magnificent or splendid or grand

From this reading The first thing that will strike us on our journey is the contrast between the grandeur of the churches and public buildings and the insignificance of most of the houses.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The great churches abroad were also beautiful and more elaborately decorated, in the North with sculpture and painting, in the South with marble and mosaic.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

housesnounUS /ˈhaʊsəz/

plural of “house” — a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading The first thing that will strike us on our journey is the contrast between the grandeur of the churches and public buildings and the insignificance of most of the houses.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

imagineverbUS /ˌɪˈmædʒən/

form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the case

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

insignificancenounUS /ˌɪnsɪɡˈnjɪfɪkəns/

the quality of having little or no significance

From this reading The first thing that will strike us on our journey is the contrast between the grandeur of the churches and public buildings and the insignificance of most of the houses.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The first thing that will strike us on our journey is the contrast between the grandeur of the churches and public buildings and the insignificance of most of the houses.

journeyverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading The first thing that will strike us on our journey is the contrast between the grandeur of the churches and public buildings and the insignificance of most of the houses.

largeradjectiveUS /ˈlɑːrdʒər/

large or big relative to something else

From this reading The towns competed one with another in erecting them finer and larger, and in decorating them as magnificently as they could.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

magnificentlyadverbUS /mæɡˈnɪfəsəntli/

extremely well

From this reading The towns competed one with another in erecting them finer and larger, and in decorating them as magnificently as they could.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

marblenounUS /ˈmɑːrbəl/

a hard crystalline metamorphic rock that takes a high polish; used for sculpture and as building material

From this reading The great churches abroad were also beautiful and more elaborately decorated, in the North with sculpture and painting, in the South with marble and mosaic.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

mosaicnounUS /moʊˈzeɪɪk/

art consisting of a design made of small pieces of colored stone or glass

From this reading The great churches abroad were also beautiful and more elaborately decorated, in the North with sculpture and painting, in the South with marble and mosaic.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading The first thing that will strike us on our journey is the contrast between the grandeur of the churches and public buildings and the insignificance of most of the houses.

naves

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

NormannounUS /ˈnɔːrmən/

United States operatic soprano (born in 1945)

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

NorthnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The great churches abroad were also beautiful and more elaborately decorated, in the North with sculpture and painting, in the South with marble and mosaic.

Norwich

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The first thing that will strike us on our journey is the contrast between the grandeur of the churches and public buildings and the insignificance of most of the houses.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

originaladjectiveUS /ərˈɪdʒənəl/

preceding all others in time or being as first made or performed

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

ourselvespronounUS /aʊərˈselvz/

used when we are both doing the action and receiving it

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

paintedadjectiveUS /ˈpeɪntɪd/

coated with paint

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

paintingnounUS /ˈpeɪntɪŋ/

graphic art consisting of an artistic composition made by applying paints to a surface

From this reading The great churches abroad were also beautiful and more elaborately decorated, in the North with sculpture and painting, in the South with marble and mosaic.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

Peterborough

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

picturenounUS /ˈpɪktʃər/

a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading The first thing that will strike us on our journey is the contrast between the grandeur of the churches and public buildings and the insignificance of most of the houses.

rapidadjectiveUS /ˈræpəd/

done or occurring in a brief period of time

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

sculpturenounUS /ˈskʌlptʃər/

a three-dimensional work of plastic art

From this reading The great churches abroad were also beautiful and more elaborately decorated, in the North with sculpture and painting, in the South with marble and mosaic.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

SomeadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

SouthnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The great churches abroad were also beautiful and more elaborately decorated, in the North with sculpture and painting, in the South with marble and mosaic.

strikeverbUS /straɪk/

deliver a sharp blow, as with the hand, fist, or weapon

From this reading The first thing that will strike us on our journey is the contrast between the grandeur of the churches and public buildings and the insignificance of most of the houses.

stylenounUS /staɪl/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The first thing that will strike us on our journey is the contrast between the grandeur of the churches and public buildings and the insignificance of most of the houses.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The towns competed one with another in erecting them finer and larger, and in decorating them as magnificently as they could.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The towns competed one with another in erecting them finer and larger, and in decorating them as magnificently as they could.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading The first thing that will strike us on our journey is the contrast between the grandeur of the churches and public buildings and the insignificance of most of the houses.

THIRTEENTHadjectiveUS /ˈθɜːr.tiːnθ/

Constituting number thirteen in a sequence.

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

tournounUS /tʊr/

a journey or route all the way around a particular place or area

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

townsnounUS /taʊnz/

plural of “town” — an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading The towns competed one with another in erecting them finer and larger, and in decorating them as magnificently as they could.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The great churches abroad were also beautiful and more elaborately decorated, in the North with sculpture and painting, in the South with marble and mosaic.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading The first thing that will strike us on our journey is the contrast between the grandeur of the churches and public buildings and the insignificance of most of the houses.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The great churches abroad were also beautiful and more elaborately decorated, in the North with sculpture and painting, in the South with marble and mosaic.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE Before we give our whole attention to the first picture, of which the original was painted in England in 1377, let us imagine ourselves in the year 1200 making a rapid tour through the chief countries of Europe to see for ourselves how the people lived.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Some of the finest churches in England, built in the style of architecture called 'Norman,' one or more of which you may have seen, date before the year 1200, as for example, Durham Cathedral, and the naves of Norwich, Ely, and Peterborough Cathedrals.

Chapter 2 of The Book of Art for Young People by Agnes Ethel Conway holds 96 sentences, grouped into 20 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of The Book of Art for Young People contain?

Chapter 2 holds 96 sentences of The Book of Art for Young People, unabridged, divided into 20 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of The Book of Art for Young People by Agnes Ethel Conway exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 96 sentences, grouped into 20 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of The Book of Art for Young People?

Work through the 20 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 20 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Book of Art for Young People

Common questions about reading The Book of Art for Young People by Agnes Ethel Conway on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Book of Art for Young People?

Yes. All 1688 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #17395 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Book of Art for Young People is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #17395, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Book of Art for Young People take to read?

About 140 minutes of reading across 338 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Book of Art for Young People section by section

How to work through The Book of Art for Young People section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 15 chapters of The Book of Art for Young People to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Book of Art for Young People

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Book of Art for Young People, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Almost
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Book of Art for Young People; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pleasantest
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Book of Art for Young People; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Thing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Book of Art for Young People; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
World
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Book of Art for Young People; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.