used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading THE RENAISSANCE IN THE NORTH The Renaissance involved a change of outlook towards the whole world which could not long remain confined to Italy.
not being in a specified place
From this reading Italian spontaneity and child-like joy is absent; so, too, the sense of physical beauty, universal in Italy.
AlpsnounUS /ælps/
a large mountain system in south-central Europe; scenic beauty and winter sports make them a popular tourist attraction
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/
an old form of “are”, used with “thou”
From this reading We find a different quality in the art of the north.
at the same time that; because; in the way that
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
awakeningnounUS /əˈweɪkənɪŋ/
the act of waking
From this reading In Germany, as in Italy, men speedily awoke to the new life, but the awakening took a different form.
inflected form of “awake” — stop sleeping
From this reading In Germany, as in Italy, men speedily awoke to the new life, but the awakening took a different form.
the qualities that give pleasure to the senses
From this reading Italian spontaneity and child-like joy is absent; so, too, the sense of physical beauty, universal in Italy.
used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before
From this reading In Germany, as in Italy, men speedily awoke to the new life, but the awakening took a different form.
showing who or what does the action
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
cause to change; make different; cause a transformation
From this reading THE RENAISSANCE IN THE NORTH The Renaissance involved a change of outlook towards the whole world which could not long remain confined to Italy.
plural of “change” — an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
child-like
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Italian spontaneity and child-like joy is absent; so, too, the sense of physical beauty, universal in Italy.
communicatingnounUS /kəˈmjuːnəkeɪtɪŋ/
the activity of communicating; the activity of conveying information
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
confinedadjectiveUS /kənˈfaɪnd/
not invading healthy tissue
From this reading THE RENAISSANCE IN THE NORTH The Renaissance involved a change of outlook towards the whole world which could not long remain confined to Italy.
seemingly without interruption
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests
From this reading THE RENAISSANCE IN THE NORTH The Renaissance involved a change of outlook towards the whole world which could not long remain confined to Italy.
countriesnounUS /ˈkʌntriz/
plural of “country” — a politically organized body of people under a single government
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
unlike in nature or quality or form or degree
From this reading In Germany, as in Italy, men speedily awoke to the new life, but the awakening took a different form.
a division of the United Kingdom
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
come upon, as if by accident; meet with
From this reading We find a different quality in the art of the north.
FlandersnounUS /ˈflændərz/
a medieval country in northern Europe that included regions now parts of northern France and Belgium and southwestern Netherlands
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something
From this reading In Germany, as in Italy, men speedily awoke to the new life, but the awakening took a different form.
showing where something starts, or who sent it
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
GermanynounUS /ˈdʒɜːrməni/
a republic in central Europe; split into East Germany and West Germany after World War II and reunited in 1990
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading THE RENAISSANCE IN THE NORTH The Renaissance involved a change of outlook towards the whole world which could not long remain confined to Italy.
involvedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈvɑːlvd/
connected by participation or association or use
From this reading THE RENAISSANCE IN THE NORTH The Renaissance involved a change of outlook towards the whole world which could not long remain confined to Italy.
the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading Italian spontaneity and child-like joy is absent; so, too, the sense of physical beauty, universal in Italy.
a native or inhabitant of Italy
From this reading Italian spontaneity and child-like joy is absent; so, too, the sense of physical beauty, universal in Italy.
a republic in southern Europe on the Italian Peninsula; was the core of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire between the 4th century BC and the 5th century AD
From this reading THE RENAISSANCE IN THE NORTH The Renaissance involved a change of outlook towards the whole world which could not long remain confined to Italy.
the emotion of great happiness
From this reading Italian spontaneity and child-like joy is absent; so, too, the sense of physical beauty, universal in Italy.
a characteristic state or mode of living
From this reading In Germany, as in Italy, men speedily awoke to the new life, but the awakening took a different form.
primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified
From this reading THE RENAISSANCE IN THE NORTH The Renaissance involved a change of outlook towards the whole world which could not long remain confined to Italy.
the force of workers available
From this reading In Germany, as in Italy, men speedily awoke to the new life, but the awakening took a different form.
merchantsnounUS /ˈmɜːrtʃənts/
plural of “merchant” — a businessperson engaged in retail trade
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered
From this reading In Germany, as in Italy, men speedily awoke to the new life, but the awakening took a different form.
the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line
From this reading THE RENAISSANCE IN THE NORTH The Renaissance involved a change of outlook towards the whole world which could not long remain confined to Italy.
northernadjectiveUS /ˈnɔːrðərn/
in or characteristic of a region of the United States north of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative
From this reading THE RENAISSANCE IN THE NORTH The Renaissance involved a change of outlook towards the whole world which could not long remain confined to Italy.
in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading THE RENAISSANCE IN THE NORTH The Renaissance involved a change of outlook towards the whole world which could not long remain confined to Italy.
outlooknounUS /ˈaʊtlʊk/
a habitual or characteristic mental attitude that determines how you will interpret and respond to situations
From this reading THE RENAISSANCE IN THE NORTH The Renaissance involved a change of outlook towards the whole world which could not long remain confined to Italy.
overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/
above and across; more than
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
passesnounUS /ˈpæsəz/
plural of “pass” — (baseball) an advance to first base by a batter who receives four balls
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
involving the body as distinguished from the mind or spirit
From this reading Italian spontaneity and child-like joy is absent; so, too, the sense of physical beauty, universal in Italy.
an essential and distinguishing attribute of something or someone
From this reading We find a different quality in the art of the north.
stay the same; remain in a certain state
From this reading THE RENAISSANCE IN THE NORTH The Renaissance involved a change of outlook towards the whole world which could not long remain confined to Italy.
RENAISSANCEnounUS /ˌrenəˈsɑːns/
the period of European history at the close of the Middle Ages and the rise of the modern world; a cultural rebirth from the 14th through the middle of the 17th centuries
From this reading THE RENAISSANCE IN THE NORTH The Renaissance involved a change of outlook towards the whole world which could not long remain confined to Italy.
roadsnounUS /roʊdz/
a partly sheltered anchorage
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
scholarsnounUS /ˈskɑːlərz/
plural of “scholar” — a learned person (especially in the humanities); someone who by long study has gained mastery in one or more disciplines
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
a general conscious awareness
From this reading Italian spontaneity and child-like joy is absent; so, too, the sense of physical beauty, universal in Italy.
for that reason; with the result that
From this reading Italian spontaneity and child-like joy is absent; so, too, the sense of physical beauty, universal in Italy.
the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
speedilyadverbUS /ˈspiːdəli/
with speed
From this reading In Germany, as in Italy, men speedily awoke to the new life, but the awakening took a different form.
spontaneitynounUS /ˌspɑːntəˈniːəti/
the quality of being spontaneous and coming from natural feelings without constraint
From this reading Italian spontaneity and child-like joy is absent; so, too, the sense of physical beauty, universal in Italy.
being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading THE RENAISSANCE IN THE NORTH The Renaissance involved a change of outlook towards the whole world which could not long remain confined to Italy.
subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
in or at that place or location
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
from one end or side of something to the other
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading THE RENAISSANCE IN THE NORTH The Renaissance involved a change of outlook towards the whole world which could not long remain confined to Italy.
to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits
From this reading Italian spontaneity and child-like joy is absent; so, too, the sense of physical beauty, universal in Italy.
inflected form of “take” — carry out
From this reading In Germany, as in Italy, men speedily awoke to the new life, but the awakening took a different form.
in the direction of
From this reading THE RENAISSANCE IN THE NORTH The Renaissance involved a change of outlook towards the whole world which could not long remain confined to Italy.
the act of going from one place to another
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
universaladjectiveUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəl/
of worldwide scope or applicability
From this reading Italian spontaneity and child-like joy is absent; so, too, the sense of physical beauty, universal in Italy.
the speaker together with one or more other people
From this reading We find a different quality in the art of the north.
wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/
the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
any or all of a kind, it does not matter which
From this reading There were then, as now, roads over the passes of the Alps by which merchants and scholars were continually travelling from Italy through Germany and Flanders to England, communicating to the northern countries whatever changes of thought stirred in the south.
used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned
From this reading THE RENAISSANCE IN THE NORTH The Renaissance involved a change of outlook towards the whole world which could not long remain confined to Italy.
including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete
From this reading THE RENAISSANCE IN THE NORTH The Renaissance involved a change of outlook towards the whole world which could not long remain confined to Italy.
everything that exists anywhere
From this reading THE RENAISSANCE IN THE NORTH The Renaissance involved a change of outlook towards the whole world which could not long remain confined to Italy.
