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The Book of Brave Old Ballads
The Book of Brave Old Ballads

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Book of Brave Old Ballads is here in full — 291 sentences across 59 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Book of Brave Old Ballads
Context Illustration Reading 1/58 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.
And coming unto fair Fountain Dale, No farther would he ride: There was he 'ware of a curtal friar, Walking by the water-side.
The friar had on a harness good, On his head a cap of steel; Broad sword and buckler by his side, And they became him well.
Robin Hood lighted off his horse, And tied him to a thorn: Carry me over the water, thou curtal friar, Or else thy life's forlorn.
The friar took Robin Hood on his back, Deep water he did bestride, And spake neither good word nor bad Till he came to the other side.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Book of Brave Old Ballads

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Book of Brave Old Ballads is here in full — 291 sentences across 59 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/58 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.
/hiː tʊk hɪz baʊ ˈɪntuː hɪz hænd ɪt wɑːz ʌv ə ˈtrʌsti triː wɪð ə ʃiːf ʌv ˈæroʊz baɪ hɪz saɪd ənd tuː ˈfaʊntən deɪl went hiː/
Line 2
And coming unto fair Fountain Dale, No farther would he ride: There was he 'ware of a curtal friar, Walking by the water-side.
Line 3
The friar had on a harness good, On his head a cap of steel; Broad sword and buckler by his side, And they became him well.
/ðə ˈfraɪər hæd ɑːn ə ˈhɑːrnəs ɡʊd ɑːn hɪz hed ə kæp ʌv stiːl brɔːd sɔːrd ənd ˈbʌkələr baɪ hɪz saɪd ənd ðeɪ bɪˈkeɪm hɪm wel/
Line 4
Robin Hood lighted off his horse, And tied him to a thorn: Carry me over the water, thou curtal friar, Or else thy life's forlorn.
Line 5
The friar took Robin Hood on his back, Deep water he did bestride, And spake neither good word nor bad Till he came to the other side.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

buckler noun US /ˈbʌkələr/

armor carried on the arm to intercept blows

From this reading “The friar had on a harness good, On his head a cap of steel; Broad sword and buckler by his side, And they became him well.”

forlorn adjective US /fərˈlɔːrn/

marked by or showing hopelessness

From this reading “Robin Hood lighted off his horse, And tied him to a thorn: Carry me over the water, thou curtal friar, Or else thy life's forlorn.”

friar noun US /ˈfraɪər/

a male member of a religious order that originally relied solely on alms

From this reading “And coming unto fair Fountain Dale, No farther would he ride: There was he 'ware of a curtal friar, Walking by the water-side.”

life's noun US /laɪfs/

possessive form of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading “Robin Hood lighted off his horse, And tied him to a thorn: Carry me over the water, thou curtal friar, Or else thy life's forlorn.”

sheaf noun US /ʃiːf/

a package of several things tied together for carrying or storing

From this reading “He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.”

thorn noun US /θɔːrn/

something that causes irritation and annoyance

From this reading “Robin Hood lighted off his horse, And tied him to a thorn: Carry me over the water, thou curtal friar, Or else thy life's forlorn.”

trusty noun US /ˈtrʌsti/

a convict who is considered trustworthy and granted special privileges

From this reading “He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.”

ware noun US /wer/

articles of the same kind or material; usually used in combination: “silverware”, “software”

From this reading “And coming unto fair Fountain Dale, No farther would he ride: There was he 'ware of a curtal friar, Walking by the water-side.”

All words in this reading · 79

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.

arrowsnounUS /ˈæroʊz/

plural of “arrow” — a mark to indicate a direction or relation

From this reading He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading The friar took Robin Hood on his back, Deep water he did bestride, And spake neither good word nor bad Till he came to the other side.

badadjectiveUS /bæd/

having undesirable or negative qualities

From this reading The friar took Robin Hood on his back, Deep water he did bestride, And spake neither good word nor bad Till he came to the other side.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading The friar had on a harness good, On his head a cap of steel; Broad sword and buckler by his side, And they became him well.

bestrideverb

get up on the back of

From this reading The friar took Robin Hood on his back, Deep water he did bestride, And spake neither good word nor bad Till he came to the other side.

bownounUS /baʊ/

a knot with two loops and loose ends; used to tie shoelaces

From this reading He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.

BroadadjectiveUS /brɔːd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading The friar had on a harness good, On his head a cap of steel; Broad sword and buckler by his side, And they became him well.

bucklernounUS /ˈbʌkələr/

armor carried on the arm to intercept blows

From this reading The friar had on a harness good, On his head a cap of steel; Broad sword and buckler by his side, And they became him well.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading The friar took Robin Hood on his back, Deep water he did bestride, And spake neither good word nor bad Till he came to the other side.

capnounUS /kæp/

a tight-fitting headdress

From this reading The friar had on a harness good, On his head a cap of steel; Broad sword and buckler by his side, And they became him well.

CarryverbUS /ˈkæri/

move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading Robin Hood lighted off his horse, And tied him to a thorn: Carry me over the water, thou curtal friar, Or else thy life's forlorn.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading And coming unto fair Fountain Dale, No farther would he ride: There was he 'ware of a curtal friar, Walking by the water-side.

curtaladjective

(archaic) cut short

From this reading And coming unto fair Fountain Dale, No farther would he ride: There was he 'ware of a curtal friar, Walking by the water-side.

DalenounUS /deɪl/

an open river valley (in a hilly area)

From this reading He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.

DeepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading The friar took Robin Hood on his back, Deep water he did bestride, And spake neither good word nor bad Till he came to the other side.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading The friar took Robin Hood on his back, Deep water he did bestride, And spake neither good word nor bad Till he came to the other side.

else

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Robin Hood lighted off his horse, And tied him to a thorn: Carry me over the water, thou curtal friar, Or else thy life's forlorn.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading And coming unto fair Fountain Dale, No farther would he ride: There was he 'ware of a curtal friar, Walking by the water-side.

fartheradjectiveUS /ˈfɑːrðər/

more distant in especially space or time

From this reading And coming unto fair Fountain Dale, No farther would he ride: There was he 'ware of a curtal friar, Walking by the water-side.

forlornadjectiveUS /fərˈlɔːrn/

marked by or showing hopelessness

From this reading Robin Hood lighted off his horse, And tied him to a thorn: Carry me over the water, thou curtal friar, Or else thy life's forlorn.

FountainnounUS /ˈfaʊntən/

a structure from which an artificially produced jet of water arises

From this reading He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.

friarnounUS /ˈfraɪər/

a male member of a religious order that originally relied solely on alms

From this reading And coming unto fair Fountain Dale, No farther would he ride: There was he 'ware of a curtal friar, Walking by the water-side.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading The friar had on a harness good, On his head a cap of steel; Broad sword and buckler by his side, And they became him well.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The friar had on a harness good, On his head a cap of steel; Broad sword and buckler by his side, And they became him well.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.

harnessverbUS /ˈhɑːrnəs/

put a harness

From this reading The friar had on a harness good, On his head a cap of steel; Broad sword and buckler by his side, And they became him well.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading The friar had on a harness good, On his head a cap of steel; Broad sword and buckler by his side, And they became him well.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The friar had on a harness good, On his head a cap of steel; Broad sword and buckler by his side, And they became him well.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.

HoodnounUS /hʊd/

an aggressive and violent young criminal

From this reading Robin Hood lighted off his horse, And tied him to a thorn: Carry me over the water, thou curtal friar, Or else thy life's forlorn.

horsenounUS /hɔːrs/

solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading Robin Hood lighted off his horse, And tied him to a thorn: Carry me over the water, thou curtal friar, Or else thy life's forlorn.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.

life'snounUS /laɪfs/

possessive form of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Robin Hood lighted off his horse, And tied him to a thorn: Carry me over the water, thou curtal friar, Or else thy life's forlorn.

lightedadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪtəd/

set afire or burning

From this reading Robin Hood lighted off his horse, And tied him to a thorn: Carry me over the water, thou curtal friar, Or else thy life's forlorn.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Robin Hood lighted off his horse, And tied him to a thorn: Carry me over the water, thou curtal friar, Or else thy life's forlorn.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading The friar took Robin Hood on his back, Deep water he did bestride, And spake neither good word nor bad Till he came to the other side.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading And coming unto fair Fountain Dale, No farther would he ride: There was he 'ware of a curtal friar, Walking by the water-side.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading The friar took Robin Hood on his back, Deep water he did bestride, And spake neither good word nor bad Till he came to the other side.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Robin Hood lighted off his horse, And tied him to a thorn: Carry me over the water, thou curtal friar, Or else thy life's forlorn.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The friar had on a harness good, On his head a cap of steel; Broad sword and buckler by his side, And they became him well.

OrconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Robin Hood lighted off his horse, And tied him to a thorn: Carry me over the water, thou curtal friar, Or else thy life's forlorn.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The friar took Robin Hood on his back, Deep water he did bestride, And spake neither good word nor bad Till he came to the other side.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Robin Hood lighted off his horse, And tied him to a thorn: Carry me over the water, thou curtal friar, Or else thy life's forlorn.

rideverbUS /raɪd/

sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading And coming unto fair Fountain Dale, No farther would he ride: There was he 'ware of a curtal friar, Walking by the water-side.

RobinnounUS /ˈrɑːbən/

small Old World songbird with a reddish breast

From this reading Robin Hood lighted off his horse, And tied him to a thorn: Carry me over the water, thou curtal friar, Or else thy life's forlorn.

sheafnounUS /ʃiːf/

a package of several things tied together for carrying or storing

From this reading He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.

spake

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The friar took Robin Hood on his back, Deep water he did bestride, And spake neither good word nor bad Till he came to the other side.

steelnounUS /stiːl/

an alloy of iron with small amounts of carbon; widely used in construction; mechanical properties can be varied over a wide range

From this reading The friar had on a harness good, On his head a cap of steel; Broad sword and buckler by his side, And they became him well.

swordnounUS /sɔːrd/

a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading The friar had on a harness good, On his head a cap of steel; Broad sword and buckler by his side, And they became him well.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading And coming unto fair Fountain Dale, No farther would he ride: There was he 'ware of a curtal friar, Walking by the water-side.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading And coming unto fair Fountain Dale, No farther would he ride: There was he 'ware of a curtal friar, Walking by the water-side.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The friar had on a harness good, On his head a cap of steel; Broad sword and buckler by his side, And they became him well.

thornnounUS /θɔːrn/

something that causes irritation and annoyance

From this reading Robin Hood lighted off his horse, And tied him to a thorn: Carry me over the water, thou curtal friar, Or else thy life's forlorn.

thoupronounUS /ðaʊ/

an old word for “you”, as the subject, speaking to one person

From this reading Robin Hood lighted off his horse, And tied him to a thorn: Carry me over the water, thou curtal friar, Or else thy life's forlorn.

thydeterminerUS /ðaɪ/

an old word for “your”, speaking to one person

From this reading Robin Hood lighted off his horse, And tied him to a thorn: Carry me over the water, thou curtal friar, Or else thy life's forlorn.

tiedadjectiveUS /taɪd/

bound or secured closely

From this reading Robin Hood lighted off his horse, And tied him to a thorn: Carry me over the water, thou curtal friar, Or else thy life's forlorn.

TillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading The friar took Robin Hood on his back, Deep water he did bestride, And spake neither good word nor bad Till he came to the other side.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.

treenounUS /triː/

a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.

trustynounUS /ˈtrʌsti/

a convict who is considered trustworthy and granted special privileges

From this reading He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.

untoprepositionUS /ˈʌntuː/

an old word for “to”

From this reading And coming unto fair Fountain Dale, No farther would he ride: There was he 'ware of a curtal friar, Walking by the water-side.

WalkingadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːkɪŋ/

close enough to be walked to

From this reading And coming unto fair Fountain Dale, No farther would he ride: There was he 'ware of a curtal friar, Walking by the water-side.

warenounUS /wer/

articles of the same kind or material; usually used in combination: “silverware”, “software”

From this reading And coming unto fair Fountain Dale, No farther would he ride: There was he 'ware of a curtal friar, Walking by the water-side.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading Robin Hood lighted off his horse, And tied him to a thorn: Carry me over the water, thou curtal friar, Or else thy life's forlorn.

water-side

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And coming unto fair Fountain Dale, No farther would he ride: There was he 'ware of a curtal friar, Walking by the water-side.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading The friar had on a harness good, On his head a cap of steel; Broad sword and buckler by his side, And they became him well.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He took his bow into his hand, (It was of a trusty tree) With a sheaf of arrows by his side And to Fountain Dale went he.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading The friar took Robin Hood on his back, Deep water he did bestride, And spake neither good word nor bad Till he came to the other side.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading And coming unto fair Fountain Dale, No farther would he ride: There was he 'ware of a curtal friar, Walking by the water-side.

Chapter 4 of The Book of Brave Old Ballads by John [Illustrator] Gilbert holds 291 sentences, grouped into 59 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Book of Brave Old Ballads contain?

Chapter 4 holds 291 sentences of The Book of Brave Old Ballads, unabridged, divided into 59 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Book of Brave Old Ballads by John [Illustrator] Gilbert exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 291 sentences, grouped into 59 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Book of Brave Old Ballads?

Work through the 59 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 59 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Book of Brave Old Ballads

Common questions about reading The Book of Brave Old Ballads by John [Illustrator] Gilbert on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Book of Brave Old Ballads?

Yes. All 1158 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #25480 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Book of Brave Old Ballads is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #25480, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Book of Brave Old Ballads take to read?

About 96 minutes of reading across 232 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Book of Brave Old Ballads section by section

How to work through The Book of Brave Old Ballads section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 4 chapters of The Book of Brave Old Ballads to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Book of Brave Old Ballads

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Book of Brave Old Ballads, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Brave
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Book of Brave Old Ballads; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ballads
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Book of Brave Old Ballads; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Drawings
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Book of Brave Old Ballads; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gilbert
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Book of Brave Old Ballads; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.