used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading The old burial-ground, the spirit’s trysting-place, was a fair but a lonely spot.
anew
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class
From this reading All around lay scenes renowned in tradition for blood, and broil, and secret violence.
Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading All around lay scenes renowned in tradition for blood, and broil, and secret violence.
surrounding, or on every side of, something
From this reading All around lay scenes renowned in tradition for blood, and broil, and secret violence.
in the space, time, or range separating two things
From this reading But the Reformation came, and sacked and crushed down the houses of devotion; while the peace between the two kingdoms curbed the courage, and extinguished for ever the military and predatory glory of those old Galwegian chieftains.
The red fluid that circulates in the heart and blood vessels.
From this reading All around lay scenes renowned in tradition for blood, and broil, and secret violence.
Bonshaw
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
broilverbUS /brɔɪl/
cook under a broiler
From this reading All around lay scenes renowned in tradition for blood, and broil, and secret violence.
burial-ground
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading The old burial-ground, the spirit’s trysting-place, was a fair but a lonely spot.
used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before
From this reading The old burial-ground, the spirit’s trysting-place, was a fair but a lonely spot.
inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody
From this reading But the Reformation came, and sacked and crushed down the houses of devotion; while the peace between the two kingdoms curbed the courage, and extinguished for ever the military and predatory glory of those old Galwegian chieftains.
chieftainsnounUS /ˈtʃiːftənz/
plural of “chieftain” — the leader of a group of people
From this reading But the Reformation came, and sacked and crushed down the houses of devotion; while the peace between the two kingdoms curbed the courage, and extinguished for ever the military and predatory glory of those old Galwegian chieftains.
churchesnounUS /ˈtʃɜːrtʃɪz/
plural of “church” — one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
a quality of spirit that enables you to face danger or pain without showing fear
From this reading But the Reformation came, and sacked and crushed down the houses of devotion; while the peace between the two kingdoms curbed the courage, and extinguished for ever the military and predatory glory of those old Galwegian chieftains.
crushedadjectiveUS /krʌʃt/
treated so as to have a permanently wrinkled appearance
From this reading But the Reformation came, and sacked and crushed down the houses of devotion; while the peace between the two kingdoms curbed the courage, and extinguished for ever the military and predatory glory of those old Galwegian chieftains.
curbedverbUS /kɜːrbd/
past form of “curb” — lessen the intensity of; temper; hold in restraint; hold or keep within limits
From this reading But the Reformation came, and sacked and crushed down the houses of devotion; while the peace between the two kingdoms curbed the courage, and extinguished for ever the military and predatory glory of those old Galwegian chieftains.
feelings of ardent love
From this reading But the Reformation came, and sacked and crushed down the houses of devotion; while the peace between the two kingdoms curbed the courage, and extinguished for ever the military and predatory glory of those old Galwegian chieftains.
being or moving lower in position or less in some value
From this reading But the Reformation came, and sacked and crushed down the houses of devotion; while the peace between the two kingdoms curbed the courage, and extinguished for ever the military and predatory glory of those old Galwegian chieftains.
remove the dust from
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
at any time
From this reading But the Reformation came, and sacked and crushed down the houses of devotion; while the peace between the two kingdoms curbed the courage, and extinguished for ever the military and predatory glory of those old Galwegian chieftains.
extinguishedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt/
of a conditioned response; caused to die out because of the absence or withdrawal of reinforcement
From this reading But the Reformation came, and sacked and crushed down the houses of devotion; while the peace between the two kingdoms curbed the courage, and extinguished for ever the military and predatory glory of those old Galwegian chieftains.
EzranounUS /ˈezrə/
a Jewish priest and scribe sent by the Persian king to restore Jewish law and worship in Jerusalem
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules
From this reading The old burial-ground, the spirit’s trysting-place, was a fair but a lonely spot.
marked by extreme and violent energy
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
intended to be given to, or used by, somebody
From this reading All around lay scenes renowned in tradition for blood, and broil, and secret violence.
formerlyadverbUS /ˈfɔːrmərli/
at a previous time
From this reading The parish was formerly a land of warrior’s towers, and of houses for penance, and vigil, and mortification.
Galwegianadjective
of or relating to or characteristic of the Scottish district of Galloway or its people
From this reading But the Reformation came, and sacked and crushed down the houses of devotion; while the peace between the two kingdoms curbed the courage, and extinguished for ever the military and predatory glory of those old Galwegian chieftains.
a state of high honor
From this reading But the Reformation came, and sacked and crushed down the houses of devotion; while the peace between the two kingdoms curbed the courage, and extinguished for ever the military and predatory glory of those old Galwegian chieftains.
haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/
used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
plural of “house” — a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families
From this reading The parish was formerly a land of warrior’s towers, and of houses for penance, and vigil, and mortification.
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading All around lay scenes renowned in tradition for blood, and broil, and secret violence.
a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
kingdomsnounUS /ˈkɪŋdəmz/
plural of “kingdom” — a domain in which something is dominant
From this reading But the Reformation came, and sacked and crushed down the houses of devotion; while the peace between the two kingdoms curbed the courage, and extinguished for ever the military and predatory glory of those old Galwegian chieftains.
set down according to a plan
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
LairdnounUS /lerd/
a landowner
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
the land on which real estate is located
From this reading The parish was formerly a land of warrior’s towers, and of houses for penance, and vigil, and mortification.
put into a certain place or abstract location
From this reading All around lay scenes renowned in tradition for blood, and broil, and secret violence.
lacking companions or companionship
From this reading The old burial-ground, the spirit’s trysting-place, was a fair but a lonely spot.
held dear
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
come together
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare
From this reading But the Reformation came, and sacked and crushed down the houses of devotion; while the peace between the two kingdoms curbed the courage, and extinguished for ever the military and predatory glory of those old Galwegian chieftains.
mortificationnounUS /ˈmɔːrtəfkeɪʃən/
strong feelings of embarrassment
From this reading The parish was formerly a land of warrior’s towers, and of houses for penance, and vigil, and mortification.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading The parish was formerly a land of warrior’s towers, and of houses for penance, and vigil, and mortification.
(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age
From this reading The old burial-ground, the spirit’s trysting-place, was a fair but a lonely spot.
used to mean any person in general, including the speaker
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
parishnounUS /ˈpærɪʃ/
a local church community
From this reading The parish was formerly a land of warrior’s towers, and of houses for penance, and vigil, and mortification.
the state prevailing during the absence of war
From this reading But the Reformation came, and sacked and crushed down the houses of devotion; while the peace between the two kingdoms curbed the courage, and extinguished for ever the military and predatory glory of those old Galwegian chieftains.
peasantsnounUS /ˈpezənts/
plural of “peasant” — a country person
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
penancenounUS /ˈpenəns/
remorse for your past conduct
From this reading The parish was formerly a land of warrior’s towers, and of houses for penance, and vigil, and mortification.
pertainingverbUS /pərˈteɪnɪŋ/
-ing form of “pertain” — be relevant to
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
predatoryadjectiveUS /ˈpredətɔːri/
characterized by plundering or pillaging or marauding
From this reading But the Reformation came, and sacked and crushed down the houses of devotion; while the peace between the two kingdoms curbed the courage, and extinguished for ever the military and predatory glory of those old Galwegian chieftains.
ReformationnounUS /ˌref.əˈmeɪ.ʃən/
The action or process of reforming an institution, practice, or individual's character.
From this reading But the Reformation came, and sacked and crushed down the houses of devotion; while the peace between the two kingdoms curbed the courage, and extinguished for ever the military and predatory glory of those old Galwegian chieftains.
renownedadjectiveUS /rɪˈnaʊnd/
widely known and esteemed
From this reading All around lay scenes renowned in tradition for blood, and broil, and secret violence.
representativenounUS /ˌreprəˈzentətɪv/
a person who represents others
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
sackedadjectiveUS /sækt/
having been robbed and destroyed by force and violence
From this reading But the Reformation came, and sacked and crushed down the houses of devotion; while the peace between the two kingdoms curbed the courage, and extinguished for ever the military and predatory glory of those old Galwegian chieftains.
plural of “scene” — the place where some action occurs
From this reading All around lay scenes renowned in tradition for blood, and broil, and secret violence.
Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.
From this reading All around lay scenes renowned in tradition for blood, and broil, and secret violence.
shadowyadjectiveUS /ˈʃædoʊi/
filled with shade
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
spirit'snounUS /ˈspɪrɪts/
possessive form of “spirit” — the vital principle or animating force within living things
From this reading The old burial-ground, the spirit’s trysting-place, was a fair but a lonely spot.
a point located with respect to surface features of some region
From this reading The old burial-ground, the spirit’s trysting-place, was a fair but a lonely spot.
not in physical motion
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading The old burial-ground, the spirit’s trysting-place, was a fair but a lonely spot.
belonging to the people or things already mentioned
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known
From this reading But the Reformation came, and sacked and crushed down the houses of devotion; while the peace between the two kingdoms curbed the courage, and extinguished for ever the military and predatory glory of those old Galwegian chieftains.
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
towersnounUS /ˈtaʊərz/
plural of “tower” — a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building
From this reading The parish was formerly a land of warrior’s towers, and of houses for penance, and vigil, and mortification.
traditionnounUS /trəˈdɪʃən/
an inherited pattern of thought or action
From this reading All around lay scenes renowned in tradition for blood, and broil, and secret violence.
trustedadjectiveUS /ˈtrʌstɪd/
(of persons) worthy of trust or confidence
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
trysting-place
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading The old burial-ground, the spirit’s trysting-place, was a fair but a lonely spot.
the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number
From this reading But the Reformation came, and sacked and crushed down the houses of devotion; while the peace between the two kingdoms curbed the courage, and extinguished for ever the military and predatory glory of those old Galwegian chieftains.
vigilnounUS /ˈvɪdʒəl/
a period of sleeplessness
From this reading The parish was formerly a land of warrior’s towers, and of houses for penance, and vigil, and mortification.
an act of aggression (as one against a person who resists)
From this reading All around lay scenes renowned in tradition for blood, and broil, and secret violence.
warrior's
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading The parish was formerly a land of warrior’s towers, and of houses for penance, and vigil, and mortification.
wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/
the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading The old burial-ground, the spirit’s trysting-place, was a fair but a lonely spot.
in or at the place that
From this reading It was in a burial-ground pertaining to one of those ancient churches, and where the peasants still loved to have their dust laid, that Ezra trusted to meet again the shadowy representative of the fierce old Laird of Bonshaw.
whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/
during the time that
From this reading But the Reformation came, and sacked and crushed down the houses of devotion; while the peace between the two kingdoms curbed the courage, and extinguished for ever the military and predatory glory of those old Galwegian chieftains.
