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The Book of Snobs
The Book of Snobs

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of The Book of Snobs is here in full — 53 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/10 · 5 lines
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'WHAT is the use of Lord Rome's telescope?' my friend Panwiski exclaimed the other day.
'It only enables you to see a few hundred thousands of miles farther.
What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'
With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.
I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Book of Snobs

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of The Book of Snobs is here in full — 53 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/10 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
'WHAT is the use of Lord Rome's telescope?' my friend Panwiski exclaimed the other day.
Line 2
'It only enables you to see a few hundred thousands of miles farther.
/ɪt ˈoʊnli eˈneɪbəlz juː tuː siː ə fjuː ˈhʌndrəd ˈθaʊzəndz ʌv maɪlz ˈfɑːrðər/
Line 3
What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'
Line 4
With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.
Line 5
I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

blazes noun US /ˈbleɪzɪz/

plural of “blaze” — a strong flame that burns brightly

From this reading “I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.”

bumper noun US /ˈbʌmpər/

a glass filled to the brim (especially as a toast)

From this reading “With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.”

congregated verb US /ˈkɑːŋɡrɪɡeɪtɪd/

past form of “congregate” — come together, usually for a purpose

From this reading “I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.”

distinguishable adjective US /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃəbəl/

capable of being perceived as different or distinct

From this reading “I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.”

Infinity noun US /ˌɪnˈfɪnɪti/

time without end

From this reading “With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.”

luminaries noun US /ˈluːməneriz/

plural of “luminary” — a celebrity who is an inspiration to others

From this reading “I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.”

Rome's noun US /roʊmz/

possessive form of “rome” — capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading “'WHAT is the use of Lord Rome's telescope?' my friend Panwiski exclaimed the other day.”

Snobs noun US /snɑːbz/

plural of “snob” — a person regarded as arrogant and annoying

From this reading “I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.”

All words in this reading · 110

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading 'It only enables you to see a few hundred thousands of miles farther.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

beholdverbUS /bɪˈhoʊld/

see with attention

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

blazesnounUS /ˈbleɪzɪz/

plural of “blaze” — a strong flame that burns brightly

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

brightlyadverbUS /ˈbraɪtli/

with brightness

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

bumpernounUS /ˈbʌmpər/

a glass filled to the brim (especially as a toast)

From this reading With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

claretnoun

a dark purplish-red color

From this reading With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.

confessingverbUS /kənˈfesɪŋ/

-ing form of “confess” — confess to a punishable or reprehensible deed, usually under pressure

From this reading With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.

congregatedverbUS /ˈkɑːŋɡrɪɡeɪtɪd/

past form of “congregate” — come together, usually for a purpose

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

darknessnounUS /ˈdɑːrknəs/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading 'WHAT is the use of Lord Rome's telescope?' my friend Panwiski exclaimed the other day.

definedadjectiveUS /dɪˈfaɪnd/

clearly characterized or delimited

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

distinguishableadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃəbəl/

capable of being perceived as different or distinct

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

enablesverbUS /eˈneɪbəlz/

third-person singular of “enable” — render capable or able for some task

From this reading 'It only enables you to see a few hundred thousands of miles farther.

endlessadjectiveUS /ˈendləs/

tiresomely long; seemingly without end

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

eternitynounUS /ɪˈtɜːrnəti/

time without end

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

exclaimedverbUS /ɪkˈskleɪmd/

past form of “exclaim” — utter aloud; often with surprise, horror, or joy

From this reading 'WHAT is the use of Lord Rome's telescope?' my friend Panwiski exclaimed the other day.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.

fadeverbUS /feɪd/

become less clearly visible or distinguishable; disappear gradually or seemingly

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

faintlyadverbUS /ˈfeɪntli/

to a faint degree or weakly perceived

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

fartheradjectiveUS /ˈfɑːrðər/

more distant in especially space or time

From this reading 'It only enables you to see a few hundred thousands of miles farther.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading 'It only enables you to see a few hundred thousands of miles farther.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading 'WHAT is the use of Lord Rome's telescope?' my friend Panwiski exclaimed the other day.

gazenounUS /ɡeɪz/

a long fixed look

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

glassnounUS /ɡlæs/

a brittle transparent solid with irregular atomic structure

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

glitteringadjectiveUS /ˈɡlɪtərɪŋ/

having brief brilliant points or flashes of light

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

heavingnounUS /ˈhiːvɪŋ/

an upward movement (especially a rhythmical rising and falling)

From this reading With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading 'It only enables you to see a few hundred thousands of miles farther.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.

immeasurableadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈmeʒəræbəl/

impossible to measure

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.

inabilitynounUS /ˌɪnəˈbɪlɪti/

lack of ability (especially mental ability) to do something

From this reading With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.

InfinitynounUS /ˌɪnˈfɪnɪti/

time without end

From this reading With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading 'WHAT is the use of Lord Rome's telescope?' my friend Panwiski exclaimed the other day.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading 'It only enables you to see a few hundred thousands of miles farther.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading 'WHAT is the use of Lord Rome's telescope?' my friend Panwiski exclaimed the other day.

luminariesnounUS /ˈluːməneriz/

plural of “luminary” — a celebrity who is an inspiration to others

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

mereadjectiveUS /mɪr/

being nothing more than specified

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading 'It only enables you to see a few hundred thousands of miles farther.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading 'WHAT is the use of Lord Rome's telescope?' my friend Panwiski exclaimed the other day.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

nebulae

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

nebulouslyadverb

in a nebulous and indefinite manner

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading 'WHAT is the use of Lord Rome's telescope?' my friend Panwiski exclaimed the other day.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading 'It only enables you to see a few hundred thousands of miles farther.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading 'WHAT is the use of Lord Rome's telescope?' my friend Panwiski exclaimed the other day.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

PanverbUS /pæn/

make a sweeping movement

From this reading With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.

Panwiski

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 'WHAT is the use of Lord Rome's telescope?' my friend Panwiski exclaimed the other day.

perceivableadjective

capable of being perceived especially by sight or hearing

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

powerfuladjectiveUS /ˈpaʊərfəl/

having great power or force or potency or effect

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

resignedverbUS /rɪˈzaɪnd/

past form of “resign” — leave (a job, post, or position) voluntarily

From this reading With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.

Rome'snounUS /roʊmz/

possessive form of “rome” — capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading 'WHAT is the use of Lord Rome's telescope?' my friend Panwiski exclaimed the other day.

sankverbUS /sæŋk/

inflected form of “sink” — fall or descend to a lower place or level

From this reading With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading 'It only enables you to see a few hundred thousands of miles farther.

showverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

sighverbUS /saɪ/

heave or utter a sigh; breathe deeply and heavily

From this reading With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.

SnobsnounUS /snɑːbz/

plural of “snob” — a person regarded as arrogant and annoying

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

starryadjectiveUS /ˈstɑːriː/

abounding with or resembling stars

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

starsnounUS /stɑːrz/

plural of “star” — (astronomy) a celestial body of hot gases that radiates energy derived from thermonuclear reactions in the interior

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

swallowedverbUS /ˈswɑːloʊd/

past form of “swallow” — pass through the esophagus as part of eating or drinking

From this reading With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.

systemsnounUS /ˈsɪstəmz/

plural of “system” — instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

telescopeverbUS /ˈteləskoʊp/

crush together or collapse

From this reading 'WHAT is the use of Lord Rome's telescope?' my friend Panwiski exclaimed the other day.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading 'WHAT is the use of Lord Rome's telescope?' my friend Panwiski exclaimed the other day.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

thousandsnounUS /ˈθaʊzəndz/

plural of “thousand” — the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading 'It only enables you to see a few hundred thousands of miles farther.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading 'It only enables you to see a few hundred thousands of miles farther.

turnverbUS /tɜːrn/

change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

twinkleverbUS /ˈtwɪŋkəl/

gleam or glow intermittently

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading 'WHAT is the use of Lord Rome's telescope?' my friend Panwiski exclaimed the other day.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

WHATpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading 'WHAT is the use of Lord Rome's telescope?' my friend Panwiski exclaimed the other day.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading I (who, like other great men, have but one idea), thought to myself, that as the stars are, so are the Snobs:--the more you gaze upon those luminaries, the more you behold--now nebulously congregated--now faintly distinguishable--now brightly defined--until they twinkle off in endless blazes, and fade into the immeasurable darkness.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

winkingnounUS /ˈwɪŋkɪŋ/

a reflex that closes and opens the eyes rapidly

From this reading What were thought to be mere nebulae, turn out to be most perceivable starry systems; and beyond these, you see other nebulae, which a more powerful glass will show to be stars, again; and so they go on glittering and winking away into eternity.'

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading With which my friend Pan, heaving a great sigh, as if confessing his inability to look Infinity in the face, sank back resigned, and swallowed a large bumper of claret.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading 'It only enables you to see a few hundred thousands of miles farther.

Chapter 21 of The Book of Snobs by William Makepeace Thackeray holds 53 sentences, grouped into 11 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of The Book of Snobs contain?

Chapter 21 holds 53 sentences of The Book of Snobs, unabridged, divided into 11 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of The Book of Snobs by William Makepeace Thackeray exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 53 sentences, grouped into 11 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of The Book of Snobs?

Work through the 11 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 11 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Book of Snobs

Common questions about reading The Book of Snobs by William Makepeace Thackeray on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Book of Snobs?

Yes. All 2497 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2686 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Book of Snobs is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2686, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Book of Snobs take to read?

About 208 minutes of reading across 500 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Book of Snobs section by section

How to work through The Book of Snobs section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Book of Snobs to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Book of Snobs

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Book of Snobs, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Relative
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Book of Snobs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Positive
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Book of Snobs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Snobs
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Book of Snobs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Persons
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Book of Snobs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.