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The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 04, of 10
The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 04, of 10

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 04, of 10 is here in full — 431 sentences across 87 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/86 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
[FN#281] Arab.
"Ya Nasrбni", the address is not intrinsically slighting but it may easily be made so.
I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, Nasrбni!"
[FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.
There is also a Hadis, "Thou shalt not refuse water to him who thirsteth in the desert."
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 04, of 10

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 04, of 10 is here in full — 431 sentences across 87 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/86 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
[FN#281] Arab.
Line 2
"Ya Nasrбni", the address is not intrinsically slighting but it may easily be made so.
Line 3
I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, Nasrбni!"
Line 4
[FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.
Line 5
There is also a Hadis, "Thou shalt not refuse water to him who thirsteth in the desert."

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

forgets verb US /fərˈɡets/

third-person singular of “forget” — dismiss from the mind; stop remembering

From this reading “[FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.”

Imam noun US /ˈaɪmæm/

(Islam) the man who leads prayers in a mosque; for Shiites an imam is a recognized authority on Islamic theology and law and a spiritual guide

From this reading “[FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.”

intrinsically adverb US /ˌɪnˈtrɪnsɪkəli/

with respect to its inherent nature

From this reading “"Ya Nasrбni", the address is not intrinsically slighting but it may easily be made so.”

Julian noun US /ˈdʒuːliən/

Roman Emperor and nephew of Constantine; he restored paganism as the official religion of the Roman Empire and destroyed Christian temples but his decision was reversed after his death (331?-363)

From this reading “I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, yб Nasrбni!"”

Persian noun US /ˈpɜːrʒən/

a native or inhabitant of Iran

From this reading “[FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.”

pleas noun US /pliːz/

plural of “plea” — a humble request for help from someone in authority

From this reading “[FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.”

slighting adjective US /ˈslaɪtɪŋ/

tending to diminish or disparage

From this reading “"Ya Nasrбni", the address is not intrinsically slighting but it may easily be made so.”

withhold verb US /wɪθˈhoʊld/

hold back; refuse to hand over or share

From this reading “[FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.”

All words in this reading · 74

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

281

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [FN#281] Arab.

282

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

addressverbUS /ˈædres/

speak to

From this reading "Ya Nasrбni", the address is not intrinsically slighting but it may easily be made so.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading There is also a Hadis, "Thou shalt not refuse water to him who thirsteth in the desert."

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

ArabnounUS /ˈærəb/

a member of a Semitic people originally from the Arabian peninsula and surrounding territories who speaks Arabic and who inhabits much of the Middle East and northern Africa

From this reading [FN#281] Arab.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading "Ya Nasrбni", the address is not intrinsically slighting but it may easily be made so.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading "Ya Nasrбni", the address is not intrinsically slighting but it may easily be made so.

desertverbUS /ˈdezərt/

leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch

From this reading There is also a Hadis, "Thou shalt not refuse water to him who thirsteth in the desert."

easilyadverbUS /ˈiːzəli/

with ease (“easy” is sometimes used informally for “easily”)

From this reading "Ya Nasrбni", the address is not intrinsically slighting but it may easily be made so.

EasternadjectiveUS /ˈiːstərn/

lying toward or situated in the east

From this reading I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, yб Nasrбni!"

elsewhereadverbUS /ˈelswer/

in or to another place

From this reading I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, yб Nasrбni!"

especiallyadverbUS /əˈspeʃli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

exclaimedverbUS /ɪkˈskleɪmd/

past form of “exclaim” — utter aloud; often with surprise, horror, or joy

From this reading I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, yб Nasrбni!"

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

FN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [FN#281] Arab.

forgetsverbUS /fərˈɡets/

third-person singular of “forget” — dismiss from the mind; stop remembering

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

Hadis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There is also a Hadis, "Thou shalt not refuse water to him who thirsteth in the desert."

hardlyadverbUS /ˈhɑːrdli/

only a very short time before

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, yб Nasrбni!"

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, yб Nasrбni!"

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading There is also a Hadis, "Thou shalt not refuse water to him who thirsteth in the desert."

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

Husaynnoun

Iraqi leader who waged war against Iran; his invasion of Kuwait led to the Gulf War (born in 1937)

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, yб Nasrбni!"

ImamnounUS /ˈaɪmæm/

(Islam) the man who leads prayers in a mosque; for Shiites an imam is a recognized authority on Islamic theology and law and a spiritual guide

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, yб Nasrбni!"

intrinsicallyadverbUS /ˌɪnˈtrɪnsɪkəli/

with respect to its inherent nature

From this reading "Ya Nasrбni", the address is not intrinsically slighting but it may easily be made so.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "Ya Nasrбni", the address is not intrinsically slighting but it may easily be made so.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading "Ya Nasrбni", the address is not intrinsically slighting but it may easily be made so.

JuliannounUS /ˈdʒuːliən/

Roman Emperor and nephew of Constantine; he restored paganism as the official religion of the Roman Empire and destroyed Christian temples but his decision was reversed after his death (331?-363)

From this reading I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, yб Nasrбni!"

Kerbelanoun

a city of central Iraq to the south of Baghdad; a holy city for Shiite Muslims because it is the site of the tomb of Mohammed's grandson who was killed there in 680

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading "Ya Nasrбni", the address is not intrinsically slighting but it may easily be made so.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading "Ya Nasrбni", the address is not intrinsically slighting but it may easily be made so.

murderernounUS /ˈmɜːrdərər/

a criminal who commits homicide (who performs the unlawful premeditated killing of another human being)

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

Nasarta

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, yб Nasrбni!"

Nasrбni

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Ya Nasrбni", the address is not intrinsically slighting but it may easily be made so.

Nazarenenoun

a member of a group of Jews who (during the early history of the Christian Church) accepted Jesus as the Messiah

From this reading I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, yб Nasrбni!"

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading "Ya Nasrбni", the address is not intrinsically slighting but it may easily be made so.

notedadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊtəd/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, yб Nasrбni!"

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

PersiannounUS /ˈpɜːrʒən/

a native or inhabitant of Iran

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

phrasenounUS /freɪz/

an expression consisting of one or more words forming a grammatical constituent of a sentence

From this reading I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, yб Nasrбni!"

pleasnounUS /pliːz/

plural of “plea” — a humble request for help from someone in authority

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, yб Nasrбni!"

refuseverbUS /rəˈfjuːz/

show unwillingness towards

From this reading There is also a Hadis, "Thou shalt not refuse water to him who thirsteth in the desert."

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, yб Nasrбni!"

shaltmodal verbUS /ʃælt/

an old form of “shall”, used with “thou”

From this reading There is also a Hadis, "Thou shalt not refuse water to him who thirsteth in the desert."

slightingadjectiveUS /ˈslaɪtɪŋ/

tending to diminish or disparage

From this reading "Ya Nasrбni", the address is not intrinsically slighting but it may easily be made so.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading "Ya Nasrбni", the address is not intrinsically slighting but it may easily be made so.

strongestadjectiveUS /ˈstrɔːŋɡəst/

superlative of “strong” — having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

sufferingsnounUS /ˈsʌfərɪŋz/

plural of “suffering” — a state of acute pain

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, yб Nasrбni!"

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "Ya Nasrбni", the address is not intrinsically slighting but it may easily be made so.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There is also a Hadis, "Thou shalt not refuse water to him who thirsteth in the desert."

thinkingnounUS /ˈθɪŋkɪŋ/

the process of using your mind to consider something carefully

From this reading I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, yб Nasrбni!"

ThirstnounUS /θɜːrst/

a physiological need to drink

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

thirsteth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There is also a Hadis, "Thou shalt not refuse water to him who thirsteth in the desert."

ThoupronounUS /ðaʊ/

an old word for “you”, as the subject, speaking to one person

From this reading There is also a Hadis, "Thou shalt not refuse water to him who thirsteth in the desert."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, yб Nasrбni!"

Vicisti

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, yб Nasrбni!"

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, yб Nasrбni!"

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading There is also a Hadis, "Thou shalt not refuse water to him who thirsteth in the desert."

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, yб Nasrбni!"

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

withholdverbUS /wɪθˈhoʊld/

hold back; refuse to hand over or share

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading [FN#282] Thirst is the strongest of all pleas to an Eastern, especially to a Persian who never forgets the sufferings of his Imam, Husayn, at Kerbela: he would hardly withhold it from the murderer of his father.

Ya

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Ya Nasrбni", the address is not intrinsically slighting but it may easily be made so.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have elsewhere noted that when Julian (is said to have) exclaimed "Vicisti Nazarene!" he was probably thinking in Eastern phrase "Nasarta, yб Nasrбni!"

Chapter 12 of The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 04, of 10 by Richard Francis, Sir [Translator] Burton holds 431 sentences, grouped into 87 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 04, of 10 contain?

Chapter 12 holds 431 sentences of The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 04, of 10, unabridged, divided into 87 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 04, of 10 by Richard Francis, Sir [Translator] Burton exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 431 sentences, grouped into 87 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 04, of 10?

Work through the 87 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 87 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Vocabulary met early in The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 04, of 10

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 04, of 10, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

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Annotated
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Richard
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