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The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 10, of 10
The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 10, of 10

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 10, of 10 is here in full — 363 sentences across 73 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 10, of 10
Context Illustration Reading 1/72 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Now this Sudun had built his fortress on the summit of a high hill.
It was very secure, and he defended it with the edge of the sword.
It was his usual resort, from whence he sallied forth on plundering expeditions, and rendered the roads unsafe.
At length the news of him reached King Saif Ar-Raad, who sent against him three thousand men, but he routed and destroyed them all.
Upon this, the King sent a larger number against him, who experienced the same fate.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 10, of 10

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 10, of 10 is here in full — 363 sentences across 73 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/72 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Now this Sudun had built his fortress on the summit of a high hill.
Line 2
It was very secure, and he defended it with the edge of the sword.
/ɪt wɑːz ˈveri sɪˈkjʊr ənd hiː dɪˈfendəd ɪt wɪð ðə edʒ ʌv ðə sɔːrd/
Line 3
It was his usual resort, from whence he sallied forth on plundering expeditions, and rendered the roads unsafe.
Line 4
At length the news of him reached King Saif Ar-Raad, who sent against him three thousand men, but he routed and destroyed them all.
Line 5
Upon this, the King sent a larger number against him, who experienced the same fate.
/əˈpɑːn ðɪs ðə kɪŋ sent ə ˈlɑːrdʒər ˈnʌmbər əˈɡenst hɪm huː ɪkˈspɪriənst ðə seɪm feɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

defended verb US /dɪˈfendəd/

past form of “defend” — argue or speak in defense of

From this reading “It was very secure, and he defended it with the edge of the sword.”

expeditions noun US /ˌekspəˈdɪʃənz/

plural of “expedition” — a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country

From this reading “It was his usual resort, from whence he sallied forth on plundering expeditions, and rendered the roads unsafe.”

fortress noun US /ˈfɔːrtrəs/

a fortified defensive structure

From this reading “Now this Sudun had built his fortress on the summit of a high hill.”

plundering noun US /ˈplʌndərɪŋ/

the act of stealing valuable things from a place

From this reading “It was his usual resort, from whence he sallied forth on plundering expeditions, and rendered the roads unsafe.”

resort noun US /rɪˈzɔːrt/

a hotel located in a resort area

From this reading “It was his usual resort, from whence he sallied forth on plundering expeditions, and rendered the roads unsafe.”

routed verb US /ˈruːtɪd/

past form of “route” — send documents or materials to appropriate destinations

From this reading “At length the news of him reached King Saif Ar-Raad, who sent against him three thousand men, but he routed and destroyed them all.”

summit noun US /ˈsʌmət/

the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development

From this reading “Now this Sudun had built his fortress on the summit of a high hill.”

unsafe adjective US /ənˈseɪf/

lacking in security or safety

From this reading “It was his usual resort, from whence he sallied forth on plundering expeditions, and rendered the roads unsafe.”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Now this Sudun had built his fortress on the summit of a high hill.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading At length the news of him reached King Saif Ar-Raad, who sent against him three thousand men, but he routed and destroyed them all.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading At length the news of him reached King Saif Ar-Raad, who sent against him three thousand men, but he routed and destroyed them all.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was very secure, and he defended it with the edge of the sword.

Ar-Raad

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At length the news of him reached King Saif Ar-Raad, who sent against him three thousand men, but he routed and destroyed them all.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At length the news of him reached King Saif Ar-Raad, who sent against him three thousand men, but he routed and destroyed them all.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading Now this Sudun had built his fortress on the summit of a high hill.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading At length the news of him reached King Saif Ar-Raad, who sent against him three thousand men, but he routed and destroyed them all.

defendedverbUS /dɪˈfendəd/

past form of “defend” — argue or speak in defense of

From this reading It was very secure, and he defended it with the edge of the sword.

destroyedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstrɔɪd/

spoiled or ruined or demolished

From this reading At length the news of him reached King Saif Ar-Raad, who sent against him three thousand men, but he routed and destroyed them all.

edgenounUS /edʒ/

the boundary of a surface

From this reading It was very secure, and he defended it with the edge of the sword.

expeditionsnounUS /ˌekspəˈdɪʃənz/

plural of “expedition” — a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country

From this reading It was his usual resort, from whence he sallied forth on plundering expeditions, and rendered the roads unsafe.

experiencedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspɪriənst/

having experience; having knowledge or skill from observation or participation

From this reading Upon this, the King sent a larger number against him, who experienced the same fate.

fatenounUS /feɪt/

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading Upon this, the King sent a larger number against him, who experienced the same fate.

forthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading It was his usual resort, from whence he sallied forth on plundering expeditions, and rendered the roads unsafe.

fortressnounUS /ˈfɔːrtrəs/

a fortified defensive structure

From this reading Now this Sudun had built his fortress on the summit of a high hill.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading It was his usual resort, from whence he sallied forth on plundering expeditions, and rendered the roads unsafe.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Now this Sudun had built his fortress on the summit of a high hill.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It was very secure, and he defended it with the edge of the sword.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading Now this Sudun had built his fortress on the summit of a high hill.

hillnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading Now this Sudun had built his fortress on the summit of a high hill.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading At length the news of him reached King Saif Ar-Raad, who sent against him three thousand men, but he routed and destroyed them all.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Now this Sudun had built his fortress on the summit of a high hill.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was very secure, and he defended it with the edge of the sword.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading At length the news of him reached King Saif Ar-Raad, who sent against him three thousand men, but he routed and destroyed them all.

largeradjectiveUS /ˈlɑːrdʒər/

large or big relative to something else

From this reading Upon this, the King sent a larger number against him, who experienced the same fate.

lengthnounUS /leŋkθ/

the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading At length the news of him reached King Saif Ar-Raad, who sent against him three thousand men, but he routed and destroyed them all.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading At length the news of him reached King Saif Ar-Raad, who sent against him three thousand men, but he routed and destroyed them all.

newsnounUS /nuːz/

information about recent and important events

From this reading At length the news of him reached King Saif Ar-Raad, who sent against him three thousand men, but he routed and destroyed them all.

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Now this Sudun had built his fortress on the summit of a high hill.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading Upon this, the King sent a larger number against him, who experienced the same fate.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Now this Sudun had built his fortress on the summit of a high hill.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Now this Sudun had built his fortress on the summit of a high hill.

plunderingnounUS /ˈplʌndərɪŋ/

the act of stealing valuable things from a place

From this reading It was his usual resort, from whence he sallied forth on plundering expeditions, and rendered the roads unsafe.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading At length the news of him reached King Saif Ar-Raad, who sent against him three thousand men, but he routed and destroyed them all.

renderedverbUS /ˈrendərd/

past form of “render” — cause to become

From this reading It was his usual resort, from whence he sallied forth on plundering expeditions, and rendered the roads unsafe.

resortnounUS /rɪˈzɔːrt/

a hotel located in a resort area

From this reading It was his usual resort, from whence he sallied forth on plundering expeditions, and rendered the roads unsafe.

roadsnounUS /roʊdz/

a partly sheltered anchorage

From this reading It was his usual resort, from whence he sallied forth on plundering expeditions, and rendered the roads unsafe.

routedverbUS /ˈruːtɪd/

past form of “route” — send documents or materials to appropriate destinations

From this reading At length the news of him reached King Saif Ar-Raad, who sent against him three thousand men, but he routed and destroyed them all.

Saif

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At length the news of him reached King Saif Ar-Raad, who sent against him three thousand men, but he routed and destroyed them all.

sallied

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was his usual resort, from whence he sallied forth on plundering expeditions, and rendered the roads unsafe.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading Upon this, the King sent a larger number against him, who experienced the same fate.

secureverbUS /sɪˈkjʊr/

get by special effort

From this reading It was very secure, and he defended it with the edge of the sword.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading At length the news of him reached King Saif Ar-Raad, who sent against him three thousand men, but he routed and destroyed them all.

Sudun

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now this Sudun had built his fortress on the summit of a high hill.

summitnounUS /ˈsʌmət/

the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development

From this reading Now this Sudun had built his fortress on the summit of a high hill.

swordnounUS /sɔːrd/

a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading It was very secure, and he defended it with the edge of the sword.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Now this Sudun had built his fortress on the summit of a high hill.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading At length the news of him reached King Saif Ar-Raad, who sent against him three thousand men, but he routed and destroyed them all.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Now this Sudun had built his fortress on the summit of a high hill.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading At length the news of him reached King Saif Ar-Raad, who sent against him three thousand men, but he routed and destroyed them all.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading At length the news of him reached King Saif Ar-Raad, who sent against him three thousand men, but he routed and destroyed them all.

unsafeadjectiveUS /ənˈseɪf/

lacking in security or safety

From this reading It was his usual resort, from whence he sallied forth on plundering expeditions, and rendered the roads unsafe.

UponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Upon this, the King sent a larger number against him, who experienced the same fate.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading It was his usual resort, from whence he sallied forth on plundering expeditions, and rendered the roads unsafe.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading It was very secure, and he defended it with the edge of the sword.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was very secure, and he defended it with the edge of the sword.

whenceadverbUS /wens/

an old word meaning “from where”

From this reading It was his usual resort, from whence he sallied forth on plundering expeditions, and rendered the roads unsafe.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading At length the news of him reached King Saif Ar-Raad, who sent against him three thousand men, but he routed and destroyed them all.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It was very secure, and he defended it with the edge of the sword.

Chapter 21 of The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 10, of 10 by Richard Francis, Sir [Translator] Burton holds 363 sentences, grouped into 73 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 10, of 10 contain?

Chapter 21 holds 363 sentences of The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 10, of 10, unabridged, divided into 73 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 10, of 10 by Richard Francis, Sir [Translator] Burton exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 363 sentences, grouped into 73 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 10, of 10?

Work through the 73 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 73 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 10, of 10

Common questions about reading The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 10, of 10 by Richard Francis, Sir [Translator] Burton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 10, of 10?

Yes. All 13462 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3444 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 10, of 10 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #3444, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 600 minutes of reading across 2693 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 10, of 10

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 10, of 10, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Translated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 10, of 10; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Annotated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 10, of 10; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Richard
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 10, of 10; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Burton
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Book of the Thousand Nights and a — Volume 10, of 10; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.