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The book of wonders
The book of wonders

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The book of wonders is here in full — 418 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.
On the surface of the fibre are a lot of scales arranged something like the scales on a fish.
In the process of manufacturing the scales on one fibre lock with scales on another fibre, and in that way the fibres are held together in the piece of cloth.
When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.
The fleece is spread out on a table, the center of which is covered with wire netting, and through this netting part of the dust and other matter from the wool falls while the sorting is going on.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The book of wonders

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The book of wonders is here in full — 418 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.
/ðɪs wʊl ˈfaɪbər ɪz ə ˈveri ˈdeləkət əˈfer ˈbiːɪŋ meɪd ʌp ʌv ˈθaʊzəndz ʌv ˈlɪtəl selz wʌn leɪd ɑːn tɑːp ʌv ðə ˈʌðər/
Line 2
On the surface of the fibre are a lot of scales arranged something like the scales on a fish.
/ɑːn ðə ˈsɜːrfəs ʌv ðə ˈfaɪbər ɑːr ə lɑːt ʌv skeɪlz ərˈeɪndʒd ˈsʌmθɪŋ laɪk ðə skeɪlz ɑːn ə fɪʃ/
Line 3
In the process of manufacturing the scales on one fibre lock with scales on another fibre, and in that way the fibres are held together in the piece of cloth.
/ɪn ðə ˈprɑːses ʌv ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərɪŋ ðə skeɪlz ɑːn wʌn ˈfaɪbər lɑːk wɪð skeɪlz ɑːn əˈnʌðər ˈfaɪbər ənd ɪn ðæt weɪ ðə ˈfaɪbərz ɑːr held təˈɡeðər ɪn ðə piːs ʌv klɔːθ/
Line 4
When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.
Line 5
The fleece is spread out on a table, the center of which is covered with wire netting, and through this netting part of the dust and other matter from the wool falls while the sorting is going on.
/ðə fliːs ɪz spred aʊt ɑːn ə ˈteɪbəl ðə ˈsɛn.tər ʌv wɪtʃ ɪz ˈkʌvərd wɪð ˈwaɪər ˈnetɪŋ ənd θruː ðɪs ˈnetɪŋ pɑːrt ʌv ðə dʌst ənd ˈʌðər ˈmætər frʌm ðə wʊl fɔːlz waɪl ðə ˈsɔːrtɪŋ ɪz ˈɡoʊɪŋ ɑːn/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

fibres noun US /ˈfaɪbərz/

plural of “fibre” — a slender and greatly elongated substance capable of being spun into yarn

From this reading “In the process of manufacturing the scales on one fibre lock with scales on another fibre, and in that way the fibres are held together in the piece of cloth.”

fleece noun US /fliːs/

the wool of a sheep or similar animal

From this reading “When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.”

fleeces noun US /ˈfliːsɪz/

plural of “fleece” — the wool of a sheep or similar animal

From this reading “When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.”

grades noun US /ɡreɪdz/

plural of “grade” — a body of students who are taught together

From this reading “When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.”

manufacturing noun US /ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərɪŋ/

the act of making something (a product) from raw materials

From this reading “In the process of manufacturing the scales on one fibre lock with scales on another fibre, and in that way the fibres are held together in the piece of cloth.”

netting noun US /ˈnetɪŋ/

a net of transparent fabric with a loose open weave

From this reading “The fleece is spread out on a table, the center of which is covered with wire netting, and through this netting part of the dust and other matter from the wool falls while the sorting is going on.”

sorted adjective US /ˈsɔːrtɪd/

arranged according to size

From this reading “When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.”

sorting noun US /ˈsɔːrtɪŋ/

an operation that segregates items into groups according to a specified criterion

From this reading “The fleece is spread out on a table, the center of which is covered with wire netting, and through this netting part of the dust and other matter from the wool falls while the sorting is going on.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

spread out verb + adjective

move outward

In this reading “The fleece is spread out on a table, the center of which is covered with wire netting, and through this netting part of the dust and other matter from the wool falls while the sorting is going on.”

on a table preposition + article + noun counted as “on … table”

able to be negotiated or arranged by compromise

In this reading “The fleece is spread out on a table, the center of which is covered with wire netting, and through this netting part of the dust and other matter from the wool falls while the sorting is going on.”

different qualities adjective + noun counted as “different quality”

In this reading “When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.”

On the surface preposition + article + noun counted as “on … surface”

In this reading “On the surface of the fibre are a lot of scales arranged something like the scales on a fish.”

on top preposition + noun

In this reading “This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.”

process of verb + particle

In this reading “In the process of manufacturing the scales on one fibre lock with scales on another fibre, and in that way the fibres are held together in the piece of cloth.”

other matter adjective + noun

In this reading “The fleece is spread out on a table, the center of which is covered with wire netting, and through this netting part of the dust and other matter from the wool falls while the sorting is going on.”

All words in this reading · 95

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

affairnounUS /əˈfer/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In the process of manufacturing the scales on one fibre lock with scales on another fibre, and in that way the fibres are held together in the piece of cloth.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading In the process of manufacturing the scales on one fibre lock with scales on another fibre, and in that way the fibres are held together in the piece of cloth.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading On the surface of the fibre are a lot of scales arranged something like the scales on a fish.

arrangedadjectiveUS /ərˈeɪndʒd/

disposed or placed in a particular kind of order

From this reading On the surface of the fibre are a lot of scales arranged something like the scales on a fish.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.

cellsnounUS /selz/

plural of “cell” — any small compartment

From this reading This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.

centernounUS /ˈsɛn.tər/

The middle point or core of an area.

From this reading The fleece is spread out on a table, the center of which is covered with wire netting, and through this netting part of the dust and other matter from the wool falls while the sorting is going on.

clothnounUS /klɔːθ/

artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers

From this reading In the process of manufacturing the scales on one fibre lock with scales on another fibre, and in that way the fibres are held together in the piece of cloth.

coarseadjectiveUS /kɔːrs/

of textures that are rough to the touch or substances consisting of relatively large particles

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

containsverbUS /kənˈteɪnz/

third-person singular of “contain” — include or contain; have as a component

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading The fleece is spread out on a table, the center of which is covered with wire netting, and through this netting part of the dust and other matter from the wool falls while the sorting is going on.

delicateadjectiveUS /ˈdeləkət/

exquisitely fine and subtle and pleasing; susceptible to injury

From this reading This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.

desiredadjectiveUS /dɪˈzaɪərd/

wanted intensely

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

dustverbUS /dʌst/

remove the dust from

From this reading The fleece is spread out on a table, the center of which is covered with wire netting, and through this netting part of the dust and other matter from the wool falls while the sorting is going on.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

factorynounUS /ˈfæktəri/

a plant consisting of one or more buildings with facilities for manufacturing

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

fallsnounUS /fɔːlz/

the petals or sepals of a flower that bend downward (especially the outer perianth of an iris)

From this reading The fleece is spread out on a table, the center of which is covered with wire netting, and through this netting part of the dust and other matter from the wool falls while the sorting is going on.

fibrenounUS /ˈfaɪbər/

a slender and greatly elongated substance capable of being spun into yarn

From this reading This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.

fibresnounUS /ˈfaɪbərz/

plural of “fibre” — a slender and greatly elongated substance capable of being spun into yarn

From this reading In the process of manufacturing the scales on one fibre lock with scales on another fibre, and in that way the fibres are held together in the piece of cloth.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

fishnounUS /fɪʃ/

any of various mostly cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates usually having scales and breathing through gills

From this reading On the surface of the fibre are a lot of scales arranged something like the scales on a fish.

fleecenounUS /fliːs/

the wool of a sheep or similar animal

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

fleecesnounUS /ˈfliːsɪz/

plural of “fleece” — the wool of a sheep or similar animal

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The fleece is spread out on a table, the center of which is covered with wire netting, and through this netting part of the dust and other matter from the wool falls while the sorting is going on.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading The fleece is spread out on a table, the center of which is covered with wire netting, and through this netting part of the dust and other matter from the wool falls while the sorting is going on.

gradesnounUS /ɡreɪdz/

plural of “grade” — a body of students who are taught together

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading In the process of manufacturing the scales on one fibre lock with scales on another fibre, and in that way the fibres are held together in the piece of cloth.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the process of manufacturing the scales on one fibre lock with scales on another fibre, and in that way the fibres are held together in the piece of cloth.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

kindsnounUS /kaɪndz/

plural of “kind” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

laidadjectiveUS /leɪd/

set down according to a plan

From this reading This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading On the surface of the fibre are a lot of scales arranged something like the scales on a fish.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.

lockverbUS /lɑːk/

fasten with a lock

From this reading In the process of manufacturing the scales on one fibre lock with scales on another fibre, and in that way the fibres are held together in the piece of cloth.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

lotnounUS /lɑːt/

(often followed by “of”) a large number or amount or extent

From this reading On the surface of the fibre are a lot of scales arranged something like the scales on a fish.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.

manufacturingnounUS /ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərɪŋ/

the act of making something (a product) from raw materials

From this reading In the process of manufacturing the scales on one fibre lock with scales on another fibre, and in that way the fibres are held together in the piece of cloth.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading The fleece is spread out on a table, the center of which is covered with wire netting, and through this netting part of the dust and other matter from the wool falls while the sorting is going on.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

nettingnounUS /ˈnetɪŋ/

a net of transparent fabric with a loose open weave

From this reading The fleece is spread out on a table, the center of which is covered with wire netting, and through this netting part of the dust and other matter from the wool falls while the sorting is going on.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The fleece is spread out on a table, the center of which is covered with wire netting, and through this netting part of the dust and other matter from the wool falls while the sorting is going on.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading The fleece is spread out on a table, the center of which is covered with wire netting, and through this netting part of the dust and other matter from the wool falls while the sorting is going on.

particularadjectiveUS /pərˈtɪkjələr/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

piecenounUS /piːs/

a separate part of a whole

From this reading In the process of manufacturing the scales on one fibre lock with scales on another fibre, and in that way the fibres are held together in the piece of cloth.

processverbUS /ˈprɑːses/

subject to a process or treatment, with the aim of readying for some purpose, improving, or remedying a condition

From this reading In the process of manufacturing the scales on one fibre lock with scales on another fibre, and in that way the fibres are held together in the piece of cloth.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

qualitiesnounUS /ˈkwɑːlətiz/

plural of “quality” — an essential and distinguishing attribute of something or someone

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

scalesnounUS /skeɪlz/

plural of “scale” — an ordered reference standard

From this reading On the surface of the fibre are a lot of scales arranged something like the scales on a fish.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

sixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading On the surface of the fibre are a lot of scales arranged something like the scales on a fish.

sortedadjectiveUS /ˈsɔːrtɪd/

arranged according to size

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

sortingnounUS /ˈsɔːrtɪŋ/

an operation that segregates items into groups according to a specified criterion

From this reading The fleece is spread out on a table, the center of which is covered with wire netting, and through this netting part of the dust and other matter from the wool falls while the sorting is going on.

spreadverbUS /spred/

distribute or disperse widely

From this reading The fleece is spread out on a table, the center of which is covered with wire netting, and through this netting part of the dust and other matter from the wool falls while the sorting is going on.

surfacenounUS /ˈsɜːrfəs/

the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary

From this reading On the surface of the fibre are a lot of scales arranged something like the scales on a fish.

tablenounUS /ˈteɪbəl/

a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading The fleece is spread out on a table, the center of which is covered with wire netting, and through this netting part of the dust and other matter from the wool falls while the sorting is going on.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In the process of manufacturing the scales on one fibre lock with scales on another fibre, and in that way the fibres are held together in the piece of cloth.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.

thousandsnounUS /ˈθaʊzəndz/

plural of “thousand” — the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading The fleece is spread out on a table, the center of which is covered with wire netting, and through this netting part of the dust and other matter from the wool falls while the sorting is going on.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading In the process of manufacturing the scales on one fibre lock with scales on another fibre, and in that way the fibres are held together in the piece of cloth.

topnounUS /tɑːp/

the upper part of anything

From this reading This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.

usesnounUS /ˈjuːsəz/

plural of “use” — the act of using

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading In the process of manufacturing the scales on one fibre lock with scales on another fibre, and in that way the fibres are held together in the piece of cloth.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading When wool is received at the factory it is in fleeces, and each fleece contains different kinds of fibres--long and short--coarse and fine, and it is necessary that these should be sorted into different kinds or grades, as may be desired--perhaps six or eight different kinds, according to the particular uses to which the different qualities are to be put.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading The fleece is spread out on a table, the center of which is covered with wire netting, and through this netting part of the dust and other matter from the wool falls while the sorting is going on.

wirenounUS /ˈwaɪər/

ligament made of metal and used to fasten things or make cages or fences etc

From this reading The fleece is spread out on a table, the center of which is covered with wire netting, and through this netting part of the dust and other matter from the wool falls while the sorting is going on.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading In the process of manufacturing the scales on one fibre lock with scales on another fibre, and in that way the fibres are held together in the piece of cloth.

woolnounUS /wʊl/

a fabric made from the hair of sheep

From this reading This wool fibre is a very delicate affair, being made up of thousands of little cells, one laid on top of the other.

Chapter 4 of The book of wonders by Rudolph J. (Rudolph John) [Editor] Bodmer holds 418 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The book of wonders contain?

Chapter 4 holds 418 sentences of The book of wonders, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The book of wonders by Rudolph J. (Rudolph John) [Editor] Bodmer exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 418 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The book of wonders?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The book of wonders

Common questions about reading The book of wonders by Rudolph J. (Rudolph John) [Editor] Bodmer on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The book of wonders?

Yes. All 10444 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #75948 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The book of wonders is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #75948, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The book of wonders take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2089 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The book of wonders section by section

How to work through The book of wonders section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 26 chapters of The book of wonders to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The book of wonders

Words and structures a reader meets early in The book of wonders, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Words
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The book of wonders; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Letters
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The book of wonders; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Phrases
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The book of wonders; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Printed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The book of wonders; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.