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The Border Boys Across the Frontier
The Border Boys Across the Frontier

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of The Border Boys Across the Frontier is here in full — 109 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
MADERO'S FLYING COLUMN.
As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.
Evidently somebody was coming their way.
The question was, who was it?
It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Border Boys Across the Frontier

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of The Border Boys Across the Frontier is here in full — 109 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MADERO'S FLYING COLUMN.
Line 2
As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.
/æz ðeɪ stʊd ðer stɪl ˌʌndɪˈsaɪdɪd æz tuː wɪtʃ dərˈekʃən tuː teɪk dʒæks kiːn aɪz dɪˈtektəd əˈbʌv ə klʌmp ʌv triːz sʌm ˈdɪstəns daʊn ðə roʊd tuː ðə west ə klaʊd ʌv ˈjeloʊ dʌst ˈraɪzɪŋ/
Line 3
Evidently somebody was coming their way.
/ˈevədəntli ˈsʌmbɑːdi wɑːz ˈkʌmɪŋ ðer weɪ/
Line 4
The question was, who was it?
/ðə ˈkwestʃən wɑːz huː wɑːz ɪt/
Line 5
It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

clump noun US /klʌmp/

a grouping of a number of similar things

From this reading “As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.”

column noun US /ˈkɑːləm/

a line of units following one after another

From this reading “MADERO'S FLYING COLUMN.”

detected adjective US /dɪˈtektəd/

perceived or discerned

From this reading “As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.”

flying adjective US /ˈflaɪɪŋ/

moving swiftly

From this reading “MADERO'S FLYING COLUMN.”

inquire verb US /ˌɪnˈkwaɪr/

address a question to and expect an answer from

From this reading “It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.”

Jack's noun US /dʒæks/

possessive form of “jack” — a small worthless amount

From this reading “As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.”

keen adjective US /kiːn/

having or demonstrating ability to recognize or draw fine distinctions

From this reading “As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.”

undecided adjective US /ˌʌndɪˈsaɪdɪd/

not brought to a conclusion; subject to further thought

From this reading “As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.

cloudverbUS /klaʊd/

make overcast or cloudy

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

clumpnounUS /klʌmp/

a grouping of a number of similar things

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

COLUMNnounUS /ˈkɑːləm/

a line of units following one after another

From this reading MADERO'S FLYING COLUMN.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading Evidently somebody was coming their way.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.

detectedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtektəd/

perceived or discerned

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

determinedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜːrmənd/

characterized by great determination

From this reading It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.

directionnounUS /dərˈekʃən/

a line leading to a place or point

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

distantadjectiveUS /ˈdɪstənt/

separated in space or coming from or going to a distance

From this reading It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

dustverbUS /dʌst/

remove the dust from

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

Esmeralda

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.

EvidentlyadverbUS /ˈevədəntli/

unmistakably (“plain” is often used informally for “plainly”)

From this reading Evidently somebody was coming their way.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.

FLYINGadjectiveUS /ˈflaɪɪŋ/

moving swiftly

From this reading MADERO'S FLYING COLUMN.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.

inquireverbUS /ˌɪnˈkwaɪr/

address a question to and expect an answer from

From this reading It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The question was, who was it?

JacknounUS /dʒæk/

a small worthless amount

From this reading It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.

Jack'snounUS /dʒæks/

possessive form of “jack” — a small worthless amount

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

keenadjectiveUS /kiːn/

having or demonstrating ability to recognize or draw fine distinctions

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

knowingadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊɪŋ/

evidencing the possession of inside information

From this reading It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.

MADERO'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MADERO'S FLYING COLUMN.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.

minepronounUS /maɪn/

the one or ones belonging to the person speaking

From this reading It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading The question was, who was it?

risingadjectiveUS /ˈraɪzɪŋ/

advancing or becoming higher or greater in degree or value or status

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

seekverbUS /siːk/

try to get or reach

From this reading It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

somebodypronounUS /ˈsʌmbɑːdi/

a person, without saying who

From this reading Evidently somebody was coming their way.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Evidently somebody was coming their way.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

undecidedadjectiveUS /ˌʌndɪˈsaɪdɪd/

not brought to a conclusion; subject to further thought

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Evidently somebody was coming their way.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Evidently somebody was coming their way.

westnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The question was, who was it?

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It might be some one of whom they could inquire the direction to the Esmeralda mine--for Jack had determined to seek out his father, knowing the mine could not be very far distant.

yellowadjectiveUS /ˈjeloʊ/

of the color intermediate between green and orange in the color spectrum; of something resembling the color of an egg yolk

From this reading As they stood there, still undecided as to which direction to take, Jack's keen eyes detected, above a clump of trees some distance down the road to the west, a cloud of yellow dust rising.

Chapter 12 of The Border Boys Across the Frontier by John Henry Goldfrap holds 109 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of The Border Boys Across the Frontier contain?

Chapter 12 holds 109 sentences of The Border Boys Across the Frontier, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of The Border Boys Across the Frontier by John Henry Goldfrap exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 109 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of The Border Boys Across the Frontier?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Border Boys Across the Frontier

Common questions about reading The Border Boys Across the Frontier by John Henry Goldfrap on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Border Boys Across the Frontier?

Yes. All 3014 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #19083 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Border Boys Across the Frontier is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #19083, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Border Boys Across the Frontier take to read?

About 251 minutes of reading across 603 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Border Boys Across the Frontier section by section

How to work through The Border Boys Across the Frontier section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in The Border Boys Across the Frontier

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Border Boys Across the Frontier, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Trail
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Border Boys Across the Frontier; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Haunted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Border Boys Across the Frontier; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Speaker
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Border Boys Across the Frontier; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sun-bronzed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Border Boys Across the Frontier; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.