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The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence
The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence

Chapter II · A Close Shave

Chapter II of The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence, “A Close Shave,” is here in full — 71 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence
Context Illustration Reading 1/14 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
As Malvin had said, the river was lower by a foot or more than it had been earlier in the summer.
The Gallops were worse than Ralph had hitherto seen them.
In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.
Therefore, Ralph had had no previous notion of the wildness of the waters which were now hurtling the _River Swallow_ forward like a stone out of a sling.
Had he known what effect the drop in the river would have had upon the swirling waters, it is likely that he would have taken to the Canadian side on the return trip.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence

Chapter II · A Close Shave

Chapter II of The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence, “A Close Shave,” is here in full — 71 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/14 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
As Malvin had said, the river was lower by a foot or more than it had been earlier in the summer.
Line 2
The Gallops were worse than Ralph had hitherto seen them.
Line 3
In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.
Line 4
Therefore, Ralph had had no previous notion of the wildness of the waters which were now hurtling the _River Swallow_ forward like a stone out of a sling.
Line 5
Had he known what effect the drop in the river would have had upon the swirling waters, it is likely that he would have taken to the Canadian side on the return trip.
/hæd hiː noʊn wʌt ɪˈfekt ðə drɑːp ɪn ðə ˈrɪvər wʊd hæv hæd əˈpɑːn ðə ˈswɜːrlɪŋ ˈwɔːtərz ɪt ɪz ˈlaɪkli ðæt hiː wʊd hæv ˈteɪkən tuː ðə kəˈneɪdiən saɪd ɑːn ðə rɪˈtɜːrn trɪp/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ascend verb US /əˈsend/

travel up

From this reading “In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.”

Canadian adjective US /kəˈneɪdiən/

of or relating to Canada or its people

From this reading “In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.”

hurtling verb US /ˈhɜːrtlɪŋ/

-ing form of “hurtle” — move with or as if with a rushing sound

From this reading “Therefore, Ralph had had no previous notion of the wildness of the waters which were now hurtling the _River Swallow_ forward like a stone out of a sling.”

powerfully adverb US /ˈpaʊərfli/

in a powerful manner

From this reading “In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.”

rapids noun US /ˈræpədz/

plural of “rapid” — a part of a river where the current is very fast

From this reading “In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.”

sling verb US /slɪŋ/

hurl as if with a sling

From this reading “Therefore, Ralph had had no previous notion of the wildness of the waters which were now hurtling the _River Swallow_ forward like a stone out of a sling.”

swirling verb US /ˈswɜːrlɪŋ/

-ing form of “swirl” — turn in a twisting or spinning motion

From this reading “Had he known what effect the drop in the river would have had upon the swirling waters, it is likely that he would have taken to the Canadian side on the return trip.”

wildness noun US /ˈwaɪldnəs/

a feeling of extreme emotional intensity

From this reading “Therefore, Ralph had had no previous notion of the wildness of the waters which were now hurtling the _River Swallow_ forward like a stone out of a sling.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

return trip verb + noun

In this reading “Had he known what effect the drop in the river would have had upon the swirling waters, it is likely that he would have taken to the Canadian side on the return trip.”

lain on verb + particle counted as “lie on”

In this reading “In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.”

All words in this reading · 78

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading As Malvin had said, the river was lower by a foot or more than it had been earlier in the summer.

afternoonnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As Malvin had said, the river was lower by a foot or more than it had been earlier in the summer.

ascendverbUS /əˈsend/

travel up

From this reading In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading As Malvin had said, the river was lower by a foot or more than it had been earlier in the summer.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading As Malvin had said, the river was lower by a foot or more than it had been earlier in the summer.

CanadianadjectiveUS /kəˈneɪdiən/

of or relating to Canada or its people

From this reading In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.

craftnounUS /kræft/

the skilled practice of a practical occupation

From this reading In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.

dropverbUS /drɑːp/

let fall to the ground

From this reading Had he known what effect the drop in the river would have had upon the swirling waters, it is likely that he would have taken to the Canadian side on the return trip.

earlieradverbUS /ˈɜːrliər/

earlier in time; previously

From this reading As Malvin had said, the river was lower by a foot or more than it had been earlier in the summer.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading Had he known what effect the drop in the river would have had upon the swirling waters, it is likely that he would have taken to the Canadian side on the return trip.

engined

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading As Malvin had said, the river was lower by a foot or more than it had been earlier in the summer.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.

forwardadverbUS /ˈfɔːrwərd/

at or to or toward the front

From this reading Therefore, Ralph had had no previous notion of the wildness of the waters which were now hurtling the _River Swallow_ forward like a stone out of a sling.

Gallops

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Gallops were worse than Ralph had hitherto seen them.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading As Malvin had said, the river was lower by a foot or more than it had been earlier in the summer.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Had he known what effect the drop in the river would have had upon the swirling waters, it is likely that he would have taken to the Canadian side on the return trip.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Had he known what effect the drop in the river would have had upon the swirling waters, it is likely that he would have taken to the Canadian side on the return trip.

hithertoadverbUS /ˈhɪðɜːrˈtuː/

used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time

From this reading The Gallops were worse than Ralph had hitherto seen them.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.

hurtlingverbUS /ˈhɜːrtlɪŋ/

-ing form of “hurtle” — move with or as if with a rushing sound

From this reading Therefore, Ralph had had no previous notion of the wildness of the waters which were now hurtling the _River Swallow_ forward like a stone out of a sling.

impossibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading As Malvin had said, the river was lower by a foot or more than it had been earlier in the summer.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Had he known what effect the drop in the river would have had upon the swirling waters, it is likely that he would have taken to the Canadian side on the return trip.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading As Malvin had said, the river was lower by a foot or more than it had been earlier in the summer.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading Had he known what effect the drop in the river would have had upon the swirling waters, it is likely that he would have taken to the Canadian side on the return trip.

lainverbUS /leɪn/

inflected form of “lie” — be located or situated somewhere; occupy a certain position

From this reading In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Therefore, Ralph had had no previous notion of the wildness of the waters which were now hurtling the _River Swallow_ forward like a stone out of a sling.

likelyadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪkli/

has a good chance of being the case or of coming about

From this reading Had he known what effect the drop in the river would have had upon the swirling waters, it is likely that he would have taken to the Canadian side on the return trip.

lowerverbUS /ˈloʊər/

move something or somebody to a lower position

From this reading As Malvin had said, the river was lower by a foot or more than it had been earlier in the summer.

Malvin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As Malvin had said, the river was lower by a foot or more than it had been earlier in the summer.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading As Malvin had said, the river was lower by a foot or more than it had been earlier in the summer.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.

notionnounUS /ˈnoʊʃən/

a vague idea in which some confidence is placed

From this reading Therefore, Ralph had had no previous notion of the wildness of the waters which were now hurtling the _River Swallow_ forward like a stone out of a sling.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Therefore, Ralph had had no previous notion of the wildness of the waters which were now hurtling the _River Swallow_ forward like a stone out of a sling.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Therefore, Ralph had had no previous notion of the wildness of the waters which were now hurtling the _River Swallow_ forward like a stone out of a sling.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading As Malvin had said, the river was lower by a foot or more than it had been earlier in the summer.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Therefore, Ralph had had no previous notion of the wildness of the waters which were now hurtling the _River Swallow_ forward like a stone out of a sling.

powerfullyadverbUS /ˈpaʊərfli/

in a powerful manner

From this reading In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.

previousadjectiveUS /ˈpriːviəs/

just preceding something else in time or order

From this reading Therefore, Ralph had had no previous notion of the wildness of the waters which were now hurtling the _River Swallow_ forward like a stone out of a sling.

Ralph

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Gallops were worse than Ralph had hitherto seen them.

rapidsnounUS /ˈræpədz/

plural of “rapid” — a part of a river where the current is very fast

From this reading In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading Had he known what effect the drop in the river would have had upon the swirling waters, it is likely that he would have taken to the Canadian side on the return trip.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading As Malvin had said, the river was lower by a foot or more than it had been earlier in the summer.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading As Malvin had said, the river was lower by a foot or more than it had been earlier in the summer.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading The Gallops were worse than Ralph had hitherto seen them.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.

slingverbUS /slɪŋ/

hurl as if with a sling

From this reading Therefore, Ralph had had no previous notion of the wildness of the waters which were now hurtling the _River Swallow_ forward like a stone out of a sling.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading Therefore, Ralph had had no previous notion of the wildness of the waters which were now hurtling the _River Swallow_ forward like a stone out of a sling.

summernounUS /ˈsʌmər/

the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading As Malvin had said, the river was lower by a foot or more than it had been earlier in the summer.

SwallowverbUS /ˈswɑːloʊ/

pass through the esophagus as part of eating or drinking

From this reading Therefore, Ralph had had no previous notion of the wildness of the waters which were now hurtling the _River Swallow_ forward like a stone out of a sling.

swirlingverbUS /ˈswɜːrlɪŋ/

-ing form of “swirl” — turn in a twisting or spinning motion

From this reading Had he known what effect the drop in the river would have had upon the swirling waters, it is likely that he would have taken to the Canadian side on the return trip.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading Had he known what effect the drop in the river would have had upon the swirling waters, it is likely that he would have taken to the Canadian side on the return trip.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading As Malvin had said, the river was lower by a foot or more than it had been earlier in the summer.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading As Malvin had said, the river was lower by a foot or more than it had been earlier in the summer.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The Gallops were worse than Ralph had hitherto seen them.

ThereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading Therefore, Ralph had had no previous notion of the wildness of the waters which were now hurtling the _River Swallow_ forward like a stone out of a sling.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.

tripnounUS /trɪp/

a journey for some purpose (usually including the return)

From this reading Had he known what effect the drop in the river would have had upon the swirling waters, it is likely that he would have taken to the Canadian side on the return trip.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading In going up the river to the town that afternoon their course had lain on the Canadian side, for it was impossible for any craft to ascend the rapids, no matter how powerfully engined.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Had he known what effect the drop in the river would have had upon the swirling waters, it is likely that he would have taken to the Canadian side on the return trip.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading As Malvin had said, the river was lower by a foot or more than it had been earlier in the summer.

watersnounUS /ˈwɔːtərz/

United States actress and singer (1896-1977)

From this reading Therefore, Ralph had had no previous notion of the wildness of the waters which were now hurtling the _River Swallow_ forward like a stone out of a sling.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The Gallops were worse than Ralph had hitherto seen them.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Had he known what effect the drop in the river would have had upon the swirling waters, it is likely that he would have taken to the Canadian side on the return trip.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Therefore, Ralph had had no previous notion of the wildness of the waters which were now hurtling the _River Swallow_ forward like a stone out of a sling.

wildnessnounUS /ˈwaɪldnəs/

a feeling of extreme emotional intensity

From this reading Therefore, Ralph had had no previous notion of the wildness of the waters which were now hurtling the _River Swallow_ forward like a stone out of a sling.

worseadjectiveUS /wɜːrs/

(comparative of “bad”) inferior to another in quality or condition or desirability

From this reading The Gallops were worse than Ralph had hitherto seen them.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Had he known what effect the drop in the river would have had upon the swirling waters, it is likely that he would have taken to the Canadian side on the return trip.

Chapter 2 of The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence by John Henry Goldfrap holds 71 sentences, grouped into 15 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence contain?

Chapter 2 holds 71 sentences of The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence, unabridged, divided into 15 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence by John Henry Goldfrap exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 71 sentences, grouped into 15 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence?

Work through the 15 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 15 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence

Common questions about reading The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence by John Henry Goldfrap on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence?

Yes. All 3247 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #51600 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #51600, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence take to read?

About 270 minutes of reading across 650 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence section by section

How to work through The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 35 chapters of The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Border
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Across
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Frontier
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mexican
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Border Boys Along the St. Lawrence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.