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The Border Watch
The Border Watch

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of The Border Watch is here in full — 446 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/89 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.
It was grassy and shady, with large oak and beech trees.
About fifteen yards from the corncrib burned a fire, meant for light rather than heat, as the night was warm.
Around it were gathered about fifty men, of whom six or seven were white, although they were tanned by exposure almost to the darkness of Indians.
Henry knew a number of them well.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Border Watch

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of The Border Watch is here in full — 446 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/89 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.
Line 2
It was grassy and shady, with large oak and beech trees.
/ɪt wɑːz ˈɡræsi ənd ˈʃeɪdi wɪð lɑːrdʒ oʊk ənd biːtʃ triːz/
Line 3
About fifteen yards from the corncrib burned a fire, meant for light rather than heat, as the night was warm.
/əˈbaʊt fɪfˈtiːn jɑːrdz frʌm ðə ˈkɔːrnkrɪb bɜːrnd ə ˈfaɪər ment fɔːr laɪt ˈræðər ðæn hiːt æz ðə naɪt wɑːz wɔːrm/
Line 4
Around it were gathered about fifty men, of whom six or seven were white, although they were tanned by exposure almost to the darkness of Indians.
/ərˈaʊnd ɪt wɜːr ˈɡæðərd əˈbaʊt ˈfɪfti men ʌv huːm sɪks ɔːr ˈsevən wɜːr waɪt ˌɔːlˈðoʊ ðeɪ wɜːr tænd baɪ ɪkˈspoʊʒər ˈɔːlmoʊst tuː ðə ˈdɑːrknəs ʌv ˈɪndiənz/
Line 5
Henry knew a number of them well.
/ˈhenri nuː ə ˈnʌmbər ʌv ðem wel/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

beech noun US /biːtʃ/

any of several large deciduous trees with rounded spreading crowns and smooth grey bark and small sweet edible triangular nuts enclosed in burs; north temperate regions

From this reading “It was grassy and shady, with large oak and beech trees.”

central adjective US /ˈsentrəl/

serving as an essential component

From this reading “THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.”

corncrib noun US /ˈkɔːrnkrɪb/

a crib for storing and drying ears of corn

From this reading “About fifteen yards from the corncrib burned a fire, meant for light rather than heat, as the night was warm.”

exposure noun US /ɪkˈspoʊʒər/

vulnerability to the elements; to the action of heat or cold or wind or rain

From this reading “Around it were gathered about fifty men, of whom six or seven were white, although they were tanned by exposure almost to the darkness of Indians.”

grassy adjective US /ˈɡræsi/

abounding in grass

From this reading “It was grassy and shady, with large oak and beech trees.”

oak noun US /oʊk/

the hard durable wood of any oak; used especially for furniture and flooring

From this reading “It was grassy and shady, with large oak and beech trees.”

shady adjective US /ˈʃeɪdi/

quiet, dark, or concealed

From this reading “It was grassy and shady, with large oak and beech trees.”

tanned adjective US /tænd/

(of skin) having a tan color from exposure to the sun

From this reading “Around it were gathered about fifty men, of whom six or seven were white, although they were tanned by exposure almost to the darkness of Indians.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

AboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading About fifteen yards from the corncrib burned a fire, meant for light rather than heat, as the night was warm.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Around it were gathered about fifty men, of whom six or seven were white, although they were tanned by exposure almost to the darkness of Indians.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Around it were gathered about fifty men, of whom six or seven were white, although they were tanned by exposure almost to the darkness of Indians.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was grassy and shady, with large oak and beech trees.

AroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading Around it were gathered about fifty men, of whom six or seven were white, although they were tanned by exposure almost to the darkness of Indians.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading About fifteen yards from the corncrib burned a fire, meant for light rather than heat, as the night was warm.

BATTLEnounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

beechnounUS /biːtʃ/

any of several large deciduous trees with rounded spreading crowns and smooth grey bark and small sweet edible triangular nuts enclosed in burs; north temperate regions

From this reading It was grassy and shady, with large oak and beech trees.

burnedadjectiveUS /bɜːrnd/

treated by heating to a high temperature but below the melting or fusing point

From this reading About fifteen yards from the corncrib burned a fire, meant for light rather than heat, as the night was warm.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Around it were gathered about fifty men, of whom six or seven were white, although they were tanned by exposure almost to the darkness of Indians.

centraladjectiveUS /ˈsentrəl/

serving as an essential component

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

corncribnounUS /ˈkɔːrnkrɪb/

a crib for storing and drying ears of corn

From this reading About fifteen yards from the corncrib burned a fire, meant for light rather than heat, as the night was warm.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

darknessnounUS /ˈdɑːrknəs/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading Around it were gathered about fifty men, of whom six or seven were white, although they were tanned by exposure almost to the darkness of Indians.

doubtlessadverbUS /ˈdaʊtləs/

without doubt; certainly

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

evidentlyadverbUS /ˈevədəntli/

unmistakably (“plain” is often used informally for “plainly”)

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

exposurenounUS /ɪkˈspoʊʒər/

vulnerability to the elements; to the action of heat or cold or wind or rain

From this reading Around it were gathered about fifty men, of whom six or seven were white, although they were tanned by exposure almost to the darkness of Indians.

fifteennounUS /fɪfˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of fourteen and one

From this reading About fifteen yards from the corncrib burned a fire, meant for light rather than heat, as the night was warm.

fiftynounUS /ˈfɪfti/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and five

From this reading Around it were gathered about fifty men, of whom six or seven were white, although they were tanned by exposure almost to the darkness of Indians.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading About fifteen yards from the corncrib burned a fire, meant for light rather than heat, as the night was warm.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading About fifteen yards from the corncrib burned a fire, meant for light rather than heat, as the night was warm.

gatheredadjectiveUS /ˈɡæðərd/

brought together in one place

From this reading Around it were gathered about fifty men, of whom six or seven were white, although they were tanned by exposure almost to the darkness of Indians.

grassyadjectiveUS /ˈɡræsi/

abounding in grass

From this reading It was grassy and shady, with large oak and beech trees.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

heatnounUS /hiːt/

a form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature

From this reading About fifteen yards from the corncrib burned a fire, meant for light rather than heat, as the night was warm.

HenrynounUS /ˈhenri/

a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

IndiansnounUS /ˈɪndiənz/

plural of “indian” — a native or inhabitant of India

From this reading Around it were gathered about fifty men, of whom six or seven were white, although they were tanned by exposure almost to the darkness of Indians.

intendedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtendɪd/

resulting from one's intentions

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was grassy and shady, with large oak and beech trees.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Henry knew a number of them well.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading It was grassy and shady, with large oak and beech trees.

lettingnounUS /ˈletɪŋ/

property that is leased or rented out or let

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading About fifteen yards from the corncrib burned a fire, meant for light rather than heat, as the night was warm.

meantverbUS /ment/

inflected form of “mean” — mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading About fifteen yards from the corncrib burned a fire, meant for light rather than heat, as the night was warm.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Around it were gathered about fifty men, of whom six or seven were white, although they were tanned by exposure almost to the darkness of Indians.

merelyadverbUS /ˈmɪrli/

and nothing more

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading About fifteen yards from the corncrib burned a fire, meant for light rather than heat, as the night was warm.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading Henry knew a number of them well.

oaknounUS /oʊk/

the hard durable wood of any oak; used especially for furniture and flooring

From this reading It was grassy and shady, with large oak and beech trees.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Around it were gathered about fifty men, of whom six or seven were white, although they were tanned by exposure almost to the darkness of Indians.

PIQUA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading About fifteen yards from the corncrib burned a fire, meant for light rather than heat, as the night was warm.

sevennounUS /ˈsevən/

the cardinal number that is the sum of six and one

From this reading Around it were gathered about fifty men, of whom six or seven were white, although they were tanned by exposure almost to the darkness of Indians.

shadyadjectiveUS /ˈʃeɪdi/

quiet, dark, or concealed

From this reading It was grassy and shady, with large oak and beech trees.

sixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading Around it were gathered about fifty men, of whom six or seven were white, although they were tanned by exposure almost to the darkness of Indians.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

spacenounUS /speɪs/

the unlimited expanse in which everything is located

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

tannedadjectiveUS /tænd/

(of skin) having a tan color from exposure to the sun

From this reading Around it were gathered about fifty men, of whom six or seven were white, although they were tanned by exposure almost to the darkness of Indians.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading About fifteen yards from the corncrib burned a fire, meant for light rather than heat, as the night was warm.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Henry knew a number of them well.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Around it were gathered about fifty men, of whom six or seven were white, although they were tanned by exposure almost to the darkness of Indians.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Around it were gathered about fifty men, of whom six or seven were white, although they were tanned by exposure almost to the darkness of Indians.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading It was grassy and shady, with large oak and beech trees.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

warmadjectiveUS /wɔːrm/

having or producing a comfortable and agreeable degree of heat or imparting or maintaining heat

From this reading About fifteen yards from the corncrib burned a fire, meant for light rather than heat, as the night was warm.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Henry knew a number of them well.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Around it were gathered about fifty men, of whom six or seven were white, although they were tanned by exposure almost to the darkness of Indians.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading Around it were gathered about fifty men, of whom six or seven were white, although they were tanned by exposure almost to the darkness of Indians.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Around it were gathered about fifty men, of whom six or seven were white, although they were tanned by exposure almost to the darkness of Indians.

wideadjectiveUS /waɪd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

windownounUS /ˈwɪndoʊ/

a framework of wood or metal that contains a glass windowpane and is built into a wall or roof to admit light or air

From this reading THE BATTLE OF PIQUA The window, doubtless intended merely for letting in air, was very small, but Henry had a fine view of a wide open space, evidently the central court of the village.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It was grassy and shady, with large oak and beech trees.

yardsnounUS /jɑːrdz/

plural of “yard” — a unit of length equal to 3 feet; defined as 91.44 centimeters; originally taken to be the average length of a stride

From this reading About fifteen yards from the corncrib burned a fire, meant for light rather than heat, as the night was warm.

Chapter 21 of The Border Watch by Joseph A. (Joseph Alexander) Altsheler holds 446 sentences, grouped into 90 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of The Border Watch contain?

Chapter 21 holds 446 sentences of The Border Watch, unabridged, divided into 90 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of The Border Watch by Joseph A. (Joseph Alexander) Altsheler exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 446 sentences, grouped into 90 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of The Border Watch?

Work through the 90 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 90 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Border Watch

Common questions about reading The Border Watch by Joseph A. (Joseph Alexander) Altsheler on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Border Watch?

Yes. All 6952 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #25186 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Border Watch is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #25186, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Border Watch take to read?

About 579 minutes of reading across 1391 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Border Watch section by section

How to work through The Border Watch section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 22 chapters of The Border Watch to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Border Watch

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Border Watch, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Hunters
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Border Watch; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hills
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Border Watch; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Rulers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Border Watch; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lakes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Border Watch; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.