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The Boss of Wind River
The Boss of Wind River

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of The Boss of Wind River is here in full — 420 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/84 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It was the way of the world.
In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.
She sighed as the realization came to her.
It seemed heartless, yet she could not escape it.
Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Boss of Wind River

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of The Boss of Wind River is here in full — 420 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/84 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It was the way of the world.
/ɪt wɑːz ðə weɪ ʌv ðə wɜːrld/
Line 2
In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.
/ɪn ðɪs æz ɪn ˈʌðər θɪŋz ˈhjuːmən laɪf wɑːz ðə ˈtʃiːpəst ʌv kəˈmɑːdətiz ɪts lɔːs ðə liːst ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt ˈhɪndrəns ʌv les ˈpræktəkəl ˈmoʊmənt ðæn ðə ˈbreɪkɪdʒ ʌv æn ɪnˈdʒiː.ni.əs ˈmænmeɪd məˈʃiːn/
Line 3
She sighed as the realization came to her.
/ʃiː saɪd æz ðə ˈriːləˈzeɪʃən keɪm tuː hɜːr/
Line 4
It seemed heartless, yet she could not escape it.
/ɪt siːmd ˈhɑːrtləs jet ʃiː kʊd nɑːt ɪˈskeɪp ɪt/
Line 5
Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.
/ˈsɪtɪŋ ɑːn ðə lɔːɡ ˈsterɪŋ æt ðə ˈrɪvər hɜːr lɪps muːvd ɪn ˈɔːlmoʊst ˌʌnˈkɑːnʃəs prer fɔːr ðə men huː hæd daɪd laɪk men ˈduːɪŋ ðə wɜːrk ðeɪ wɜːr peɪd tuː duː/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

breakage noun US /ˈbreɪkɪdʒ/

the quantity broken

From this reading “In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.”

cheapest adjective US /ˈtʃiːpəst/

superlative of “cheap” — relatively low in price or charging low prices

From this reading “In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.”

commodities noun US /kəˈmɑːdətiz/

plural of “commodity” — articles of commerce

From this reading “In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.”

heartless adjective US /ˈhɑːrtləs/

lacking in feeling or pity or warmth

From this reading “It seemed heartless, yet she could not escape it.”

hindrance noun US /ˈhɪndrəns/

something immaterial that interferes with or delays action or progress

From this reading “In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.”

ingenious adjective US /ɪnˈdʒiː.ni.əs/

Clever, original, and remarkably inventive in design and execution.

From this reading “In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.”

man-made adjective US /ˈmænmeɪd/

not of natural origin; prepared or made artificially

From this reading “In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.”

realization noun US /ˈriːləˈzeɪʃən/

coming to understand something clearly and distinctly

From this reading “She sighed as the realization came to her.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

human life adjective + noun

In this reading “In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.”

other things adjective + noun

In this reading “In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.”

almost unconscious adverb + adjective

In this reading “Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.”

All words in this reading · 64

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.

breakagenounUS /ˈbreɪkɪdʒ/

the quantity broken

From this reading In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading She sighed as the realization came to her.

cheapestadjectiveUS /ˈtʃiːpəst/

superlative of “cheap” — relatively low in price or charging low prices

From this reading In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.

commoditiesnounUS /kəˈmɑːdətiz/

plural of “commodity” — articles of commerce

From this reading In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading It seemed heartless, yet she could not escape it.

diedverbUS /daɪd/

past form of “die” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.

doingverbUS /ˈduːɪŋ/

-ing form of “do” — engage in

From this reading Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.

escapenounUS /ɪˈskeɪp/

the act of escaping physically

From this reading It seemed heartless, yet she could not escape it.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.

heartlessadjectiveUS /ˈhɑːrtləs/

lacking in feeling or pity or warmth

From this reading It seemed heartless, yet she could not escape it.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading She sighed as the realization came to her.

hindrancenounUS /ˈhɪndrəns/

something immaterial that interferes with or delays action or progress

From this reading In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.

ingeniousadjectiveUS /ɪnˈdʒiː.ni.əs/

Clever, original, and remarkably inventive in design and execution.

From this reading In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was the way of the world.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.

lipsnounUS /lɪps/

plural of “lip” — either of two fleshy folds of tissue that surround the mouth and play a role in speaking

From this reading Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.

logverbUS /lɔːɡ/

enter into a log, as on ships and planes

From this reading Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.

lossnounUS /lɔːs/

something that is lost

From this reading In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.

machinenounUS /məˈʃiːn/

any mechanical or electrical device that transmits or modifies energy to perform or assist in the performance of human tasks

From this reading In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.

man-madeadjectiveUS /ˈmænmeɪd/

not of natural origin; prepared or made artificially

From this reading In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.

movedadjectiveUS /muːvd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It seemed heartless, yet she could not escape it.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was the way of the world.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.

paidadjectiveUS /peɪd/

marked by the reception of pay

From this reading Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.

practicaladjectiveUS /ˈpræktəkəl/

concerned with actual use or practice

From this reading In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.

prayernounUS /prer/

the act of communicating with a deity (especially as a petition or in adoration or contrition or thanksgiving)

From this reading Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.

realizationnounUS /ˈriːləˈzeɪʃən/

coming to understand something clearly and distinctly

From this reading She sighed as the realization came to her.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading It seemed heartless, yet she could not escape it.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She sighed as the realization came to her.

sighedverbUS /saɪd/

past form of “sigh” — heave or utter a sigh; breathe deeply and heavily

From this reading She sighed as the realization came to her.

SittingnounUS /ˈsɪtɪŋ/

(photography) the act of assuming a certain position (as for a photograph or portrait)

From this reading Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.

staringadjectiveUS /ˈsterɪŋ/

(used of eyes) open and fixed as if in fear or wonder

From this reading Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It was the way of the world.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading In this as in other things, human life was the cheapest of commodities; its loss the least important hindrance, of less practical moment than the breakage of an ingenious man-made machine.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading She sighed as the realization came to her.

unconsciousadjectiveUS /ˌʌnˈkɑːnʃəs/

not conscious; lacking awareness and the capacity for sensory perception as if asleep or dead

From this reading Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was the way of the world.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading It was the way of the world.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Sitting on the log, staring at the river, her lips moved in almost unconscious prayer for the men who had died like men, doing the work they were paid to do.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading It was the way of the world.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading It seemed heartless, yet she could not escape it.

Chapter 11 of The Boss of Wind River by A. M. (Arthur Murray) Chisholm holds 420 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of The Boss of Wind River contain?

Chapter 11 holds 420 sentences of The Boss of Wind River, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of The Boss of Wind River by A. M. (Arthur Murray) Chisholm exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 420 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of The Boss of Wind River?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Boss of Wind River

Common questions about reading The Boss of Wind River by A. M. (Arthur Murray) Chisholm on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Boss of Wind River?

Yes. All 5345 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #34775 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Boss of Wind River is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #34775, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Boss of Wind River take to read?

About 445 minutes of reading across 1069 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Boss of Wind River section by section

How to work through The Boss of Wind River section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 13 chapters of The Boss of Wind River to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Boss of Wind River

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Boss of Wind River, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Caught
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boss of Wind River; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Joe's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boss of Wind River; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Going
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boss of Wind River; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Crooks
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boss of Wind River; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.