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The Boy Allies in the Balkan Campaign
The Boy Allies in the Balkan Campaign

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of The Boy Allies in the Balkan Campaign is here in full — 140 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
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THE END OF A TRAITOR.
It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.
Since the early days of the struggle, heavy battles had been fought upon the Austro-Serbian frontier, with success first to one side and then to the other.
Belgrade, the Serbian capital, had been bombarded time after time by the great Austrian guns and once the city had been occupied by the foe.
Later, however, the Serbians had driven out the invader and reoccupied the capital.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Boy Allies in the Balkan Campaign

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of The Boy Allies in the Balkan Campaign is here in full — 140 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE END OF A TRAITOR.
/ðə end ʌv ə ˈtreɪtər/
Line 2
It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.
Line 3
Since the early days of the struggle, heavy battles had been fought upon the Austro-Serbian frontier, with success first to one side and then to the other.
Line 4
Belgrade, the Serbian capital, had been bombarded time after time by the great Austrian guns and once the city had been occupied by the foe.
/ˈbelɡreɪd ðə ˈsɜːrbiən ˈkæpətəl hæd bɪn bɑːmˈbɑːrdɪd taɪm ˈæftər taɪm baɪ ðə ɡreɪt ˈɔːstriən ɡʌnz ənd wʌns ðə ˈsɪti hæd bɪn ˈɑːkjəpaɪd baɪ ðə foʊ/
Line 5
Later, however, the Serbians had driven out the invader and reoccupied the capital.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Belgrade noun US /ˈbelɡreɪd/

capital and largest city of Serbia and Montenegro; situated on the Danube

From this reading “Belgrade, the Serbian capital, had been bombarded time after time by the great Austrian guns and once the city had been occupied by the foe.”

bombarded verb US /bɑːmˈbɑːrdɪd/

past form of “bombard” — cast, hurl, or throw repeatedly with some missile

From this reading “Belgrade, the Serbian capital, had been bombarded time after time by the great Austrian guns and once the city had been occupied by the foe.”

frontier noun US /frənˈtɪr/

a wilderness at the edge of a settled area of a country

From this reading “Since the early days of the struggle, heavy battles had been fought upon the Austro-Serbian frontier, with success first to one side and then to the other.”

invader noun US /ˌɪnˈveɪdər/

someone who enters by force in order to conquer

From this reading “Later, however, the Serbians had driven out the invader and reoccupied the capital.”

outbreak noun US /ˈaʊtbreɪk/

a sudden violent spontaneous occurrence (usually of some undesirable condition)

From this reading “It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.”

Serbia noun US /ˈsɜːrbiə/

a historical region in central and northern Yugoslavia; Serbs settled the region in the 6th and 7th centuries

From this reading “It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.”

Serbian noun US /ˈsɜːrbiən/

a member of a Slavic people who settled in Serbia and neighboring areas in the 6th and 7th centuries

From this reading “Since the early days of the struggle, heavy battles had been fought upon the Austro-Serbian frontier, with success first to one side and then to the other.”

Serbians noun US /ˈsɜːrbiənz/

plural of “serbian” — a member of a Slavic people who settled in Serbia and neighboring areas in the 6th and 7th centuries

From this reading “Later, however, the Serbians had driven out the invader and reoccupied the capital.”

All words in this reading · 64

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE END OF A TRAITOR.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.

armiesnounUS /ˈɑːrmiz/

plural of “army” — a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.

AustriannounUS /ˈɔːstriən/

a native or inhabitant of Austria

From this reading Belgrade, the Serbian capital, had been bombarded time after time by the great Austrian guns and once the city had been occupied by the foe.

Austro-German

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.

Austro-Serbian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Since the early days of the struggle, heavy battles had been fought upon the Austro-Serbian frontier, with success first to one side and then to the other.

battlesnounUS /ˈbætəlz/

plural of “battle” — a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading Since the early days of the struggle, heavy battles had been fought upon the Austro-Serbian frontier, with success first to one side and then to the other.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Since the early days of the struggle, heavy battles had been fought upon the Austro-Serbian frontier, with success first to one side and then to the other.

BelgradenounUS /ˈbelɡreɪd/

capital and largest city of Serbia and Montenegro; situated on the Danube

From this reading Belgrade, the Serbian capital, had been bombarded time after time by the great Austrian guns and once the city had been occupied by the foe.

bombardedverbUS /bɑːmˈbɑːrdɪd/

past form of “bombard” — cast, hurl, or throw repeatedly with some missile

From this reading Belgrade, the Serbian capital, had been bombarded time after time by the great Austrian guns and once the city had been occupied by the foe.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Belgrade, the Serbian capital, had been bombarded time after time by the great Austrian guns and once the city had been occupied by the foe.

capitalnounUS /ˈkæpətəl/

assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading Belgrade, the Serbian capital, had been bombarded time after time by the great Austrian guns and once the city had been occupied by the foe.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading Belgrade, the Serbian capital, had been bombarded time after time by the great Austrian guns and once the city had been occupied by the foe.

crushverbUS /krʌʃ/

come down on or keep down by unjust use of one's authority

From this reading It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading Since the early days of the struggle, heavy battles had been fought upon the Austro-Serbian frontier, with success first to one side and then to the other.

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading Later, however, the Serbians had driven out the invader and reoccupied the capital.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading Since the early days of the struggle, heavy battles had been fought upon the Austro-Serbian frontier, with success first to one side and then to the other.

effortnounUS /ˈefərt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.

ENDnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading THE END OF A TRAITOR.

finaladjectiveUS /ˈfaɪnəl/

occurring at or forming an end or termination

From this reading It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Since the early days of the struggle, heavy battles had been fought upon the Austro-Serbian frontier, with success first to one side and then to the other.

foenounUS /foʊ/

an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)

From this reading Belgrade, the Serbian capital, had been bombarded time after time by the great Austrian guns and once the city had been occupied by the foe.

forwardadverbUS /ˈfɔːrwərd/

at or to or toward the front

From this reading It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.

foughtverbUS /fɔːt/

inflected form of “fight” — be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading Since the early days of the struggle, heavy battles had been fought upon the Austro-Serbian frontier, with success first to one side and then to the other.

frontiernounUS /frənˈtɪr/

a wilderness at the edge of a settled area of a country

From this reading Since the early days of the struggle, heavy battles had been fought upon the Austro-Serbian frontier, with success first to one side and then to the other.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.

gunsnounUS /ɡʌnz/

plural of “gun” — a weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)

From this reading Belgrade, the Serbian capital, had been bombarded time after time by the great Austrian guns and once the city had been occupied by the foe.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Since the early days of the struggle, heavy battles had been fought upon the Austro-Serbian frontier, with success first to one side and then to the other.

heavyadjectiveUS /ˈhevi/

of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading Since the early days of the struggle, heavy battles had been fought upon the Austro-Serbian frontier, with success first to one side and then to the other.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading Later, however, the Serbians had driven out the invader and reoccupied the capital.

hurledverbUS /hɜːrld/

past form of “hurl” — throw forcefully

From this reading It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.

invadernounUS /ˌɪnˈveɪdər/

someone who enters by force in order to conquer

From this reading Later, however, the Serbians had driven out the invader and reoccupied the capital.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.

LateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading Later, however, the Serbians had driven out the invader and reoccupied the capital.

occupiedadjectiveUS /ˈɑːkjəpaɪd/

held or filled or in use

From this reading Belgrade, the Serbian capital, had been bombarded time after time by the great Austrian guns and once the city had been occupied by the foe.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE END OF A TRAITOR.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Belgrade, the Serbian capital, had been bombarded time after time by the great Austrian guns and once the city had been occupied by the foe.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Since the early days of the struggle, heavy battles had been fought upon the Austro-Serbian frontier, with success first to one side and then to the other.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Since the early days of the struggle, heavy battles had been fought upon the Austro-Serbian frontier, with success first to one side and then to the other.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Later, however, the Serbians had driven out the invader and reoccupied the capital.

outbreaknounUS /ˈaʊtbreɪk/

a sudden violent spontaneous occurrence (usually of some undesirable condition)

From this reading It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.

reoccupied

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Later, however, the Serbians had driven out the invader and reoccupied the capital.

SerbianounUS /ˈsɜːrbiə/

a historical region in central and northern Yugoslavia; Serbs settled the region in the 6th and 7th centuries

From this reading It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.

SerbiannounUS /ˈsɜːrbiən/

a member of a Slavic people who settled in Serbia and neighboring areas in the 6th and 7th centuries

From this reading Belgrade, the Serbian capital, had been bombarded time after time by the great Austrian guns and once the city had been occupied by the foe.

SerbiansnounUS /ˈsɜːrbiənz/

plural of “serbian” — a member of a Slavic people who settled in Serbia and neighboring areas in the 6th and 7th centuries

From this reading Later, however, the Serbians had driven out the invader and reoccupied the capital.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Since the early days of the struggle, heavy battles had been fought upon the Austro-Serbian frontier, with success first to one side and then to the other.

SinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading Since the early days of the struggle, heavy battles had been fought upon the Austro-Serbian frontier, with success first to one side and then to the other.

struggleverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəl/

make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading Since the early days of the struggle, heavy battles had been fought upon the Austro-Serbian frontier, with success first to one side and then to the other.

successnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading Since the early days of the struggle, heavy battles had been fought upon the Austro-Serbian frontier, with success first to one side and then to the other.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE END OF A TRAITOR.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Since the early days of the struggle, heavy battles had been fought upon the Austro-Serbian frontier, with success first to one side and then to the other.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Belgrade, the Serbian capital, had been bombarded time after time by the great Austrian guns and once the city had been occupied by the foe.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.

TRAITORnounUS /ˈtreɪtər/

someone who betrays his country by committing treason

From this reading THE END OF A TRAITOR.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Since the early days of the struggle, heavy battles had been fought upon the Austro-Serbian frontier, with success first to one side and then to the other.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Since the early days of the struggle, heavy battles had been fought upon the Austro-Serbian frontier, with success first to one side and then to the other.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading It was two years after the outbreak of the great war that the Austro-German armies were hurled forward in a great and final effort to crush Serbia.

Chapter 20 of The Boy Allies in the Balkan Campaign by Clair W. (Clair Wallace) Hayes holds 140 sentences, grouped into 28 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of The Boy Allies in the Balkan Campaign contain?

Chapter 20 holds 140 sentences of The Boy Allies in the Balkan Campaign, unabridged, divided into 28 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of The Boy Allies in the Balkan Campaign by Clair W. (Clair Wallace) Hayes exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 140 sentences, grouped into 28 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of The Boy Allies in the Balkan Campaign?

Work through the 28 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 28 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Boy Allies in the Balkan Campaign

Common questions about reading The Boy Allies in the Balkan Campaign by Clair W. (Clair Wallace) Hayes on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Boy Allies in the Balkan Campaign?

Yes. All 4539 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12805 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Boy Allies in the Balkan Campaign is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #12805, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Boy Allies in the Balkan Campaign take to read?

About 378 minutes of reading across 908 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Boy Allies in the Balkan Campaign section by section

How to work through The Boy Allies in the Balkan Campaign section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Boy Allies in the Balkan Campaign

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Boy Allies in the Balkan Campaign, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Stubbs
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boy Allies in the Balkan Campaign; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Paine
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boy Allies in the Balkan Campaign; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Distance
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boy Allies in the Balkan Campaign; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ahead
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boy Allies in the Balkan Campaign; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.