used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/
higher than, or over, something
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
affirmverbUS /əˈfɜːrm/
establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
alteredadjectiveUS /ˈɔːltərd/
changed in form or character without becoming something else
From this reading And if the whole Pelasgian body did so, the Attic race, being Pelasgic, must at the time they changed into Hellenes have altered their language.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading ORIGIN OF ATHENS AND SPARTA.
third-person singular of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect
From this reading The Hellenic race, however, appears to have used the same language from the time they became a people.
in or near a particular place or position
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
ATHENSnounUS /ˈæθənz/
the capital and largest city of Greece; named after Athena (its patron goddess)
From this reading ORIGIN OF ATHENS AND SPARTA.
AtticnounUS /ˈætɪk/
floor consisting of open space at the top of a house just below roof; often used for storage
From this reading And if the whole Pelasgian body did so, the Attic race, being Pelasgic, must at the time they changed into Hellenes have altered their language.
barbarousadjectiveUS /ˈbɑːrbərəs/
(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition
From this reading The Hellenic race, however, appears to have used the same language from the time they became a people.
the event consisting of the start of something
From this reading At first insignificant, yet from a small beginning they have increased to a multitude of nations, chiefly by a union with many other barbarous nations.
beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/
the -ing form of “be”
From this reading And if the whole Pelasgian body did so, the Attic race, being Pelasgic, must at the time they changed into Hellenes have altered their language.
the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)
From this reading And if the whole Pelasgian body did so, the Attic race, being Pelasgic, must at the time they changed into Hellenes have altered their language.
used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
showing who or what does the action
From this reading At first insignificant, yet from a small beginning they have increased to a multitude of nations, chiefly by a union with many other barbarous nations.
cannot
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
certaintynounUS /ˈsɜːrtənti/
the state of being certain
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
made or become different in nature or form
From this reading And if the whole Pelasgian body did so, the Attic race, being Pelasgic, must at the time they changed into Hellenes have altered their language.
chieflyadverbUS /ˈtʃiːfli/
for the most part
From this reading At first insignificant, yet from a small beginning they have increased to a multitude of nations, chiefly by a union with many other barbarous nations.
conjecturenounUS /kənˈdʒektʃər/
a hypothesis that has been formed by speculating or conjecturing (usually with little hard evidence)
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
Crestona
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/
the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives
From this reading And if the whole Pelasgian body did so, the Attic race, being Pelasgic, must at the time they changed into Hellenes have altered their language.
existverbUS /ɪɡˈzɪst/
have an existence, be extant
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/
preceding all others in time or space or degree
From this reading At first insignificant, yet from a small beginning they have increased to a multitude of nations, chiefly by a union with many other barbarous nations.
the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
showing where something starts, or who sent it
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/
used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses
From this reading And if the whole Pelasgian body did so, the Attic race, being Pelasgic, must at the time they changed into Hellenes have altered their language.
Hellenes
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading And if the whole Pelasgian body did so, the Attic race, being Pelasgic, must at the time they changed into Hellenes have altered their language.
HellenicadjectiveUS /həˈlenɪk/
relating to or characteristic of the classical Greek civilization
From this reading The Hellenic race, however, appears to have used the same language from the time they became a people.
Hellespontnoun
the strait between the Aegean and the Sea of Marmara that separates European Turkey from Asian Turkey
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
used to add a contrasting statement
From this reading The Hellenic race, however, appears to have used the same language from the time they became a people.
the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
on condition that; in the event that
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
made greater in size or amount or degree
From this reading At first insignificant, yet from a small beginning they have increased to a multitude of nations, chiefly by a union with many other barbarous nations.
inhabitverbUS /ˌɪnˈhæbət/
be an inhabitant of or reside in
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
insignificantadjectiveUS /ˌɪnsɪɡˈnjɪfɪkənt/
signifying nothing
From this reading At first insignificant, yet from a small beginning they have increased to a multitude of nations, chiefly by a union with many other barbarous nations.
intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/
moving to the inside of something
From this reading And if the whole Pelasgian body did so, the Attic race, being Pelasgic, must at the time they changed into Hellenes have altered their language.
a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number
From this reading At first insignificant, yet from a small beginning they have increased to a multitude of nations, chiefly by a union with many other barbarous nations.
used to say something is possible, or to give permission
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
multitudenounUS /ˈmʌltətuːd/
a large indefinite number
From this reading At first insignificant, yet from a small beginning they have increased to a multitude of nations, chiefly by a union with many other barbarous nations.
used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true
From this reading And if the whole Pelasgian body did so, the Attic race, being Pelasgic, must at the time they changed into Hellenes have altered their language.
nationsnounUS /ˈneɪʃənz/
plural of “nation” — a politically organized body of people under a single government
From this reading At first insignificant, yet from a small beginning they have increased to a multitude of nations, chiefly by a union with many other barbarous nations.
in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading ORIGIN OF ATHENS AND SPARTA.
touching and supported by a surface
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
ORIGINnounUS /ˈɔːrədʒən/
the place where something begins, where it springs into being
From this reading ORIGIN OF ATHENS AND SPARTA.
not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied
From this reading At first insignificant, yet from a small beginning they have increased to a multitude of nations, chiefly by a union with many other barbarous nations.
Pelasgian
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading And if the whole Pelasgian body did so, the Attic race, being Pelasgic, must at the time they changed into Hellenes have altered their language.
Pelasgians
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
Pelasgic
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading And if the whole Pelasgian body did so, the Attic race, being Pelasgic, must at the time they changed into Hellenes have altered their language.
(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively
From this reading The Hellenic race, however, appears to have used the same language from the time they became a people.
Placia
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
any competition
From this reading And if the whole Pelasgian body did so, the Attic race, being Pelasgic, must at the time they changed into Hellenes have altered their language.
Identical; not different.
From this reading The Hellenic race, however, appears to have used the same language from the time they became a people.
Scylace
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
established or decided beyond dispute or doubt
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent
From this reading At first insignificant, yet from a small beginning they have increased to a multitude of nations, chiefly by a union with many other barbarous nations.
for that reason; with the result that
From this reading And if the whole Pelasgian body did so, the Attic race, being Pelasgic, must at the time they changed into Hellenes have altered their language.
SPARTAnounUS /ˈspɑːrtɑː/
an ancient Greek city famous for military prowess; the dominant city of the Peloponnesus prior to the 4th century BC
From this reading ORIGIN OF ATHENS AND SPARTA.
support consisting of a radial member of a wheel joining the hub to the rim
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
belonging to the people or things already mentioned
From this reading And if the whole Pelasgian body did so, the Attic race, being Pelasgic, must at the time they changed into Hellenes have altered their language.
the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
an instance or single occasion for some event
From this reading And if the whole Pelasgian body did so, the Attic race, being Pelasgic, must at the time they changed into Hellenes have altered their language.
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading The Hellenic race, however, appears to have used the same language from the time they became a people.
an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
Tyrrhenians
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
an organization of employees formed to bargain with the employer
From this reading At first insignificant, yet from a small beginning they have increased to a multitude of nations, chiefly by a union with many other barbarous nations.
employed in accomplishing something
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
used to ask for information about something
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
which person or people
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete
From this reading And if the whole Pelasgian body did so, the Attic race, being Pelasgic, must at the time they changed into Hellenes have altered their language.
in the company of; together with
From this reading What language the Pelasgians used I cannot with certainty affirm; but if I may form a conjecture from those Pelasgians who now exist, and inhabit the town of Crestona above the Tyrrhenians, and from those Pelasgians settled at Placia and Scylace on the Hellespont, they spoke a barbarous language.
but in spite of that
From this reading At first insignificant, yet from a small beginning they have increased to a multitude of nations, chiefly by a union with many other barbarous nations.
