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The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus
The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus is here in full — 177 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/35 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE CONQUEST OF ASSYRIA AND THE WAR WITH THE MASSAGETÆ.
While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.
The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.
Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.
The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus is here in full — 177 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/35 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE CONQUEST OF ASSYRIA AND THE WAR WITH THE MASSAGETÆ.
Line 2
While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.
Line 3
The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.
/ðə ˈɡreɪtəst pɑːrts ʌv ðiːz aɪ ʃæl pæs baɪ wɪˈθaʊt ˈnoʊtəs bʌt aɪ wɪl meɪk ˈmenʃən ʌv ðoʊz wɪtʃ ɡeɪv hɪm moʊst ˈtrʌbəl ənd ɑːr moʊst ˈwɜːr.ði ʌv ˈbiːɪŋ rəˈkɔːrdɪd/
Line 4
Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.
/əˈsɪriə kənˈteɪnz ˈmeni lɑːrdʒ ˈsɪtiz ðə moʊst rɪˈnaʊnd ənd ðə ˈstrɔːŋɡəst ʌv wɪtʃ wer ðə siːt ʌv ˈɡʌvərmənt wɑːz ɪˈstæblɪʃt ˈæftər ðə dɪˈstrʌkʃən ʌv ˈnɪnəvə wɑːz ˈbæbəlɑːn wɪtʃ ɪz ʌv ðə ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ dɪˈskrɪpʃən/
Line 5
The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

assyria noun US /əˈsɪriə/

an ancient kingdom in northern Mesopotamia which is in present-day Iraq

From this reading “THE CONQUEST OF ASSYRIA AND THE WAR WITH THE MASSAGETÆ.”

Babylon noun US /ˈbæbəlɑːn/

the chief city of ancient Mesopotamia and capital of the ancient kingdom of Babylonia

From this reading “Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.”

circumference noun US /ˌsɜːrˈkʌmfrəns/

the size of something as given by the distance around it

From this reading “The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.”

Cyrus noun US /ˈsaɪrəs/

Persian prince who was defeated in battle by his brother Artaxerxes II (424-401 BC)

From this reading “While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.”

Nineveh noun US /ˈnɪnəvə/

an ancient Assyrian city on the Tigris across from the modern city of Mosul in the northern part of what is now known as Iraq

From this reading “Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.”

reducing noun US /rəˈduːsɪŋ/

any process in which electrons are added to an atom or ion (as by removing oxygen or adding hydrogen); always occurs accompanied by oxidation of the reducing agent

From this reading “While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.”

renowned adjective US /rɪˈnaʊnd/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading “Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.”

subduing verb US /səbˈduːɪŋ/

-ing form of “subdue” — put down by force or intimidation

From this reading “While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

four hundred noun + noun

the exclusive social set of a city

In this reading “The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.”

most renowned adverb + adjective

In this reading “Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.”

upper parts adjective + noun

In this reading “While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.”

lower parts verb + noun

In this reading “While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.”

without exception preposition + noun

In this reading “While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.”

without notice preposition + noun

In this reading “The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.”

most worthy adverb + adjective

In this reading “The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.”

large cities adjective + noun counted as “large city”

In this reading “Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.”

All words in this reading · 85

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

15

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE CONQUEST OF ASSYRIA AND THE WAR WITH THE MASSAGETÆ.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.

AsianounUS /ˈeɪʒə/

the largest continent with 60% of the earth's population; it is joined to Europe on the west to form Eurasia; it is the site of some of the world's earliest civilizations

From this reading While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.

ASSYRIAnounUS /əˈsɪriə/

an ancient kingdom in northern Mesopotamia which is in present-day Iraq

From this reading THE CONQUEST OF ASSYRIA AND THE WAR WITH THE MASSAGETÆ.

BabylonnounUS /ˈbæbəlɑːn/

the chief city of ancient Mesopotamia and capital of the ancient kingdom of Babylonia

From this reading Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.

circumferencenounUS /ˌsɜːrˈkʌmfrəns/

the size of something as given by the distance around it

From this reading The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

citiesnounUS /ˈsɪtiz/

plural of “city” — a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

conqueredverbUS /ˈkɑːŋkərd/

past form of “conquer” — bring under control by force or authority

From this reading While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.

CONQUESTnounUS /ˈkɑːŋkwest/

the act of conquering

From this reading THE CONQUEST OF ASSYRIA AND THE WAR WITH THE MASSAGETÆ.

containsverbUS /kənˈteɪnz/

third-person singular of “contain” — include or contain; have as a component

From this reading Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.

CyrusnounUS /ˈsaɪrəs/

Persian prince who was defeated in battle by his brother Artaxerxes II (424-401 BC)

From this reading While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.

descriptionnounUS /dɪˈskrɪpʃən/

a statement that represents something in words

From this reading Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.

destructionnounUS /dɪˈstrʌkʃən/

the termination of something by causing so much damage to it that it cannot be repaired or no longer exists

From this reading Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.

eightyadjectiveUS /ˈeɪti/

being ten more than seventy

From this reading The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

establishedadjectiveUS /ɪˈstæblɪʃt/

brought about or set up or accepted; especially long established

From this reading Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.

exceptionnounUS /ɪkˈsepʃən/

a deliberate act of omission

From this reading While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

frontnounUS /frʌnt/

the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.

governmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.

greatestadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtəst/

highest in quality

From this reading The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.

Harpagus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.

lowerverbUS /ˈloʊər/

move something or somebody to a lower position

From this reading While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.

MASSAGETÆ

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE CONQUEST OF ASSYRIA AND THE WAR WITH THE MASSAGETÆ.

mentionverbUS /ˈmenʃən/

make reference to

From this reading The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.

nationnounUS /ˈneɪʃən/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.

NinevehnounUS /ˈnɪnəvə/

an ancient Assyrian city on the Tigris across from the modern city of Mosul in the northern part of what is now known as Iraq

From this reading Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.

noticenounUS /ˈnoʊtəs/

an announcement containing information about an event

From this reading The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE CONQUEST OF ASSYRIA AND THE WAR WITH THE MASSAGETÆ.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

partsnounUS /pɑːrts/

the local environment

From this reading While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.

passverbUS /pæs/

go across or through

From this reading The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.

plainadjectiveUS /pleɪn/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

quadrangularadjective

of or relating to or shaped like a quadrangle

From this reading The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

recordedadjectiveUS /rəˈkɔːrdɪd/

set down or registered in a permanent form especially on film or tape for reproduction

From this reading The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.

reducingnounUS /rəˈduːsɪŋ/

any process in which electrons are added to an atom or ion (as by removing oxygen or adding hydrogen); always occurs accompanied by oxidation of the reducing agent

From this reading While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.

renownedadjectiveUS /rɪˈnaʊnd/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.

seatnounUS /siːt/

a space reserved for sitting (as in a theater or on a train or airplane)

From this reading Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.

showsnounUS /ʃoʊz/

plural of “show” — the act of publicly exhibiting or entertaining

From this reading The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

spaciousadjectiveUS /ˈspeɪʃəs/

very large in expanse or scope

From this reading The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

stades

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

standsnounUS /stændz/

plural of “stand” — a support or foundation

From this reading The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

strongestadjectiveUS /ˈstrɔːŋɡəst/

superlative of “strong” — having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.

subduingverbUS /səbˈduːɪŋ/

-ing form of “subdue” — put down by force or intimidation

From this reading While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.

sumnounUS /sʌm/

a quantity of money

From this reading The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE CONQUEST OF ASSYRIA AND THE WAR WITH THE MASSAGETÆ.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.

troublenounUS /ˈtrʌbəl/

a source of difficulty

From this reading The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.

twentynounUS /ˈtwenti/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nineteen and one

From this reading The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

upperadjectiveUS /ˈʌpər/

the topmost one of two

From this reading While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.

WARnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading THE CONQUEST OF ASSYRIA AND THE WAR WITH THE MASSAGETÆ.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Assyria contains many large cities, the most renowned and the strongest of which, where the seat of government was established after the destruction of Nineveh, was Babylon, which is of the following description.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.

WhileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading The city stands in a spacious plain, and is quadrangular, and shows a front on every side of one hundred and twenty stades [15 miles]; these stades make up the sum of four hundred and eighty in the whole circumference.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.

WITHprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading THE CONQUEST OF ASSYRIA AND THE WAR WITH THE MASSAGETÆ.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading While Harpagus was reducing the lower parts of Asia, Cyrus had conquered the upper parts, subduing every nation without exception.

worthyadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːr.ði/

Having or showing the qualities or abilities that merit recognition in character or magic.

From this reading The greatest parts of these I shall pass by without notice; but I will make mention of those which gave him most trouble, and are most worthy of being recorded.

Chapter 7 of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus by 481? BCE-421? BCE Herodotus holds 177 sentences, grouped into 36 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus contain?

Chapter 7 holds 177 sentences of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus, unabridged, divided into 36 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus by 481? BCE-421? BCE Herodotus exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 177 sentences, grouped into 36 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus?

Work through the 36 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 36 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus

Common questions about reading The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus by 481? BCE-421? BCE Herodotus on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus?

Yes. All 3328 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #55758 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #55758, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus take to read?

About 277 minutes of reading across 666 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus section by section

How to work through The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 31 chapters of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Small
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Capitals
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Replaced
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
While
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.